This document discusses performance appraisals, which are used to evaluate employees' performance, provide feedback on strengths and weaknesses, and guide career development. Performance appraisals can be used for administrative purposes like promotion, placement, and training, as well as determining salary and wages. The document contrasts traditional appraisal methods like confidential reports and ranking with modern methods such as management by objectives, assessment centers, and 360 degree feedback. It outlines the typical process of establishing standards, measuring performance, comparing to standards, discussing, and guiding improvements.