criminal justice

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Correction Research Paper and Evaluation
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Correction Research Paper and Evaluation
Correctional institutions are very important facilities because they enable one to correct
their deeds by serving a certain period according to the offense. The offenses may vary from
murder, theft, rape, corruption, and so many more that are then investigated properly before a
person is given any sentence. These correctional facilities include jail, prisons, parole, juvenile,
probation, and community corrections. The author will clearly explain the various processes that
these correctional institutions face when dealing with a person on the wrong side of the law and
their past, present, and future trends in development and operation.
Firstly I will begin with jails; local law enforcement operates jails, which detain felons
facing shorter terms, often one year or less, and those awaiting sentencing. Jails follow these
processes when making any arrest; the officers must have an arrest warrant issued by a judge that
proves they have the permission to conduct the arrest. After the arrest, the arrested party is
supposed to pass through the booking process whereby their vital information is recorded. They
are taken mug shots to indicate the suspect's body sizes(FindLaw,2019). Their fingerprints are
recorded, and their belonging has taken until they are released; they are later frisked to ensure
that they do not possess any weapon that may harm others.
The police then check for warrants if the suspect has other records that may incriminate
them more in their database. They are as well checked healthwise to ensure they do not need
immediate medical care. After all this, they are taken to their cells for holding and are entitled to
one phone call if they want to call for help. At this point, an attorney can post bail, but not all
cases can be released on bail. For bail to be granted, they check many things such as their
physical and mental condition,their history related to the crime, and their risk to the community.

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Prisons, on the other hand, house convicted felons serving sentences of more than a year.
A person first stays in jail before being transferred to prison, so all the processes done in prison
will be used. After the case is evaluated and the person is given a sentence, the next destination is
prison. For a prison destination to be decided, certain factors fall in place that includes a person's
criminal records, their sentence by length, medical examination, Psychological exam examined
by a psychiatrist, a compulsory drug test, and the statements they gave whether refusing or
accepting their offense. Once a person is at the prison that fits them, their records are taken a
second time; a through-body search is done. They are then given a uniform that the facility offers
and orientation of the rules and their expectations. Later they are assigned a counselor who will
help them prepare for their sentence and the reform strategy that may help them come out of jail
earlier than anticipated.
Paroles are designed for the parolee who used to be behind bars to transition and integrate
with others in the community; however, they have several procedures to follow to remain an
outsider. They need to have a residence and a job that they do, avoid any criminal behavior,
abstain from any drug intake and report to the parole officer frequently to show their progress.
These steps help them to have an easy way as outsiders and even having acceptance from their
community.
Juveniles are not handled as rough as the normal jails or prisons; if a police officer comes
across a potential juvenile, they issue a warning to them, hold them till the parents come, or refer
them to juvenile courts. When the preceding reaches court, determines the age, past juvenile
records, the strength of the offense and evidence presented, and ability of minors parents to
control them. Most of them end up being handled informally, and they need to either pay for the
damage they did, pay a fine, do community service, be involved in probation or see a counselor.

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In the case of formal proceedings, the minors plea for their charges and agree on the plea. If they
don't, the judge may reinstate formal charges.
Probations are common among criminal offenders for it allows them to live their normal
lives, such as doing their regular jobs and doing the different types of activities the probation
officer expects them to do. The people on probation are not allowed to have drug intakes; they
are supposed to report incase of any movements and attend therapy. There has been a lot of
improvement in the development and operation of institution-based and community-based
corrections. Initially, dealing with inmates was a problem because of technology, and there was
no private institution, thus crowding. Technology controls everything from keeping the inmates'
records, and the community-based correction helps much reform, unlike earlier. In the future,
there are likely to be programs that help the inmates be better, improve how the officers handle
inmates, and improve technology in dealing with cases.

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References
FindLaw(2019). Police Booking Procedure retrieved from
https://www.findlaw.com/criminal/criminal-procedure/booking.html