4. BI & DW 431דצמבר11
Need for Data WarehousingNeed for Data Warehousing
Integrated, companyIntegrated, company--wide view of highwide view of high--qualityquality
information (from disparate databases)information (from disparate databases)
Separation ofSeparation of operationaloperational andand informationalinformational systemssystems
and data (for improved performance)and data (for improved performance)
6. BI & DW 631דצמבר11
ושאילתות דוחות מחוללי
COBOL Report Write
External Report Generators
Data base retrieve system
Statistic: SAS, SPSS
Time series Analysis, Drill Down, What if
DSS - based on its hypercube
EIS←גבי עלPCבתצוגהחלונאית
תצוגה על דגש,הניתוח ביכולת נסיגה
עצמית הפעלה)מוגבלת(המנהל ידי על:העכבר בהזזת רק,KPI
מידע לאספקת מערכות התפתחות)1(
From data jailhouse to data warehouse
12. BI & DW 1231דצמבר11
Data WarehouseData Warehouse
A subjectA subject--oriented, integrated, timeoriented, integrated, time--variant, nonvariant, non--
updatable collection of data used in support ofupdatable collection of data used in support of
management decisionmanagement decision--making processesmaking processes
SubjectSubject--oriented:oriented: e.g. customers, patients, students,e.g. customers, patients, students,
productsproducts
Integrated:Integrated: Consistent naming conventions, formats,Consistent naming conventions, formats,
encoding structures; from multiple data sourcesencoding structures; from multiple data sources
TimeTime--variant:variant: Can study trends and changesCan study trends and changes
Nonupdatable:Nonupdatable: ReadRead--only, periodically refreshedonly, periodically refreshed
22. BI & DW 2231דצמבר11
Operational data
Information
From Data to KnowledgeFrom Data to Knowledge
Knowledge
workers
Source: www.eforceglobal.com
23. BI & DW 2331דצמבר11
Examples of CustomerExamples of Customer--OrientedOriented
BI QuestionsBI Questions
Which customers to acquire and what to offer youngsters?Which customers to acquire and what to offer youngsters?
What characterizes my valuable customers?What characterizes my valuable customers?
Which product the customer is looking for on my webWhich product the customer is looking for on my web--site?site?
What is the probability that the surfer will stop his site visitWhat is the probability that the surfer will stop his site visit??
Segmentation of customers according to their preferredSegmentation of customers according to their preferred
communication method and hourscommunication method and hours
27. BI & DW 2731דצמבר11
The ProcessThe Process
Raw data is storedRaw data is stored
Raw data are typically stored, retrieved, and updated byRaw data are typically stored, retrieved, and updated by
an organizationan organization’’s ons on--line transaction processing (OLTP)line transaction processing (OLTP)
systems.systems.
Information is cleansed and optimizedInformation is cleansed and optimized
Info is cleansed and optimized for decision support apps.Info is cleansed and optimized for decision support apps.
It is usuallyIt is usually ““read onlyread only”” and stored on separate systems.and stored on separate systems.
Data mining, query and analytical tools generateData mining, query and analytical tools generate
intelligenceintelligence
Enables companies to spot trends, enhance businessEnables companies to spot trends, enhance business
relationships, and create new opportunitiesrelationships, and create new opportunities
28. BI & DW 2831דצמבר11
The ProcessThe Process
Organizations use intelligence to make strategicOrganizations use intelligence to make strategic
business decisionsbusiness decisions
With this intelligence, organizations can make effectiveWith this intelligence, organizations can make effective
decisions, and create strategies and programs fordecisions, and create strategies and programs for
competitive advantage.competitive advantage.
Business performance management applicationsBusiness performance management applications
track resultstrack results
Well run BIDW operation includes BPM applications,Well run BIDW operation includes BPM applications,
which help track results of the decisions made and thewhich help track results of the decisions made and the
performance of the programs created.performance of the programs created.
29. BI & DW 2931דצמבר11
Sales
Financial
Inventory
Operational Systems Data Warehouse
Customer
Geography
Product
Organized by processes
or tasks
Organized by subject
Organization of DataOrganization of Data
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30. BI & DW 3031דצמבר11
Data Warehouse ProcessData Warehouse Process
DATA SOURCES STAGING AREA DATA WAREHOUSE DECISION SUPPORT
Application
Databases
Application
Databases
Packaged
application/ERP
Data
Packaged
application/ERP
Data
Desktop DataDesktop Data
External DataExternal Data
Web-based
Data
Web-based
Data
[Adapted from SunExpert Magazine, October 1998.]
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
INCOME ANNUAL REPORT
___ ___ ____ _____ ___ __
___ ___ ____ _____ ___ __
___ ___ ____ _____ ___ __
INCOME ANNUAL REPORT
___ ___ ____ _____ ___ __
___ ___ ____ _____ ___ __
___ ___ ____ _____ ___ __
Reports
EIS
OLAP
Statistical &
Financial Analysis
EXTRACTION
TRANSFORMING
CLEANING
AGGREGATION
DATA
WAREHOUSE
DATA
MARTS
31. BI & DW 3131דצמבר11
מידע כרייתמידע כריית
33. BI & DW 3331דצמבר11
Approaches to Data MiningApproaches to Data Mining
Model BuildingModel Building –– The objective is to produce anThe objective is to produce an
overall summary of a set of data, similar tooverall summary of a set of data, similar to
conventional exploratory statistical methodsconventional exploratory statistical methods
(empirical vs. mechanistic models)(empirical vs. mechanistic models) מראשמראש
Pattern DetectionPattern Detection –– Seeks to identify small andSeeks to identify small and
important departures from the norm, to detectimportant departures from the norm, to detect
unusual patterns of behaviorunusual patterns of behavior בדיעבדבדיעבד
39. BI & DW 3931דצמבר11
למנהלי מידע מערכתלמנהלי מידע מערכת
EISEIS -- Executive Information SystemExecutive Information System
BIBI -- Business IntelligenceBusiness Intelligence
48. BI & DW 4831דצמבר11
How Business Intelligence works?How Business Intelligence works?
15
49. BI & DW 4931דצמבר11
OnOn--Line Analytical Processing (OLAP)Line Analytical Processing (OLAP)
The use of a set of graphical tools that provides usersThe use of a set of graphical tools that provides users
with multidimensional views of their data and allows themwith multidimensional views of their data and allows them
to analyze the data using simple windowing techniquesto analyze the data using simple windowing techniques
Relational OLAP (ROLAP)Relational OLAP (ROLAP)
Traditional relational representationTraditional relational representation
Multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP)Multidimensional OLAP (MOLAP)
CubeCube structurestructure
OLAP Operations:OLAP Operations:
Cube slicingCube slicing –– come up with 2come up with 2--D view of dataD view of data
DrillDrill--downdown –– going from summary to more detailed viewsgoing from summary to more detailed views
53. BI & DW 5331דצמבר11
Date
Product
Country
sum
sumTV
VCR
PC
1Qtr 2Qtr 3Qtr 4Qtr
U.S.A
Canada
Mexico
sum
all, all, all
Total TV annual
sales in U.S.A.
OLAP Multidimensional Data AnalysisOLAP Multidimensional Data Analysis
54. BI & DW 5431דצמבר11
Concept of a Cube
or Pivot Table
Date
Product
Region
Product – Chocolate
Date – May 2003
Region – South East
Measure – Sales
How much Chocolate did we sell in the South East in May 2003?
55. BI & DW 5531דצמבר11
Slicing a Data CubeSlicing a Data Cube
56. BI & DW 5631דצמבר11
Business Case for BIBusiness Case for BI
Higher
Business
Value
Lower Higher
Complexity ofComplexity of
AnalysisAnalysis
“What has happened?”
“Why has it happened?”
“What will happen?”
Recommended
Actions
InsightAnalysisInformationData
Competitive Advantage
Baseline Metrics
Predictive Metrics
Descriptive Metrics
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