Basics of Thermal EOR

1. SLBS ENGINEERING COLLEGE
THERMAL EOR
Submitted by
AMIT PUROHIT
14ESLPE002
Submitted to
Dr. R.K. BAWA
(ACADEMIC DIRECTOR)
DEPT. OF PETROLEUM
ENGINEERING

2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• TYPES OF EOR
• THERMAL EOR
• TYPES OF THERMAL EOR
STEAM FLOODING
HOT WATER FLOODING
IN-SITU COMBUSTION
• CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION
• Thermal EOR is a part of EOR.
• EOR (Enhance Oil Recovery) is a
technique of Tertiary Recovery of
Oil.
• EOR is a technique used in
recovering oil from the reservoir.

4. TYPES OF EOR
• THERMAL EOR
• CHEMICAL EOR
• GAS FLOODING
• OTHER (MICROBIAL EOR)

6. THERMAL EOR
• Principle of Thermal Enhance Oil Recovery
is to reduce the viscosity.
• This Principle helps oil to flow easily.
• A general term for injection processes that
introduce heat into a reservoir.
• Used to recover viscous and thick oil.

7. • During thermal recovery, crude oil
undergoes physical and chemical changes.
• These Changes Occur due to heat
supplied.
• Physical properties such as
viscosity(μ), specific gravity and interfacial
tension.

8. • The chemical changes involve different
reactions i.e., cracking and
dehydrogenation.
• 41% EOR oil of all EOR process are
produced by thermal process.

9. TYPES OF THERMAL EOR
• STEAM FLOODING
• HOT WATER FLOODING
• IN-SITU COMBUSTION

10.  STEAM FLOODING
• Steam generated at surface and is injected to
the reservoir.
• Steam is distributed through injected wells.
• When steam enters the reservoir,
 It Heats up the Crude oil.
 And Also lower the Viscosity.
• Steam itself gets condensed due to change in
temperature.

11. STEAM FLOODING
• The condensed steam get transformed into
hot water.
• Then steam and hot water itself generate an
artificial drive that sweeps oil toward
producing wells.
• Steam flooding is also known as Continous
steam injection or Steam drive.

12. STEAM FLOODING
• Steam Flooding is Basically of Two Types-
SAGD
CSS

13. SAGD
• SAGD Process contains 2 horizontal wells
separated by distance 5 to 10m.
• Steam is continuously injected to the upper
well(I), which makes the oil mobilize due to
heating.
• This process helps the mobile oil to drain into
lower well(P).

15.  CSS
• CSS basically includes 3 Stages;
1. The first stage is injection, during which a slug of steam is
introduced into the reservoir.
2. The second stage, or soak phase, requires that the well be
shut in for several days to allow heat distribution to thin the
oil.
3. Finally, during the last stage, the thinned oil is produced
through the same well.
• CSS is also known as the Huff and Puff method
& Steam Stimulation.

17. HOT WATER FLOODING
• Hot water is injected to the reservoir.
• Also known as Hot water Injection.
• Less effective then Steam flooding.
• As steam is a more effective form and hot
water is a low heat content.
• It is preferable under formation
sensitivity to fresh water.

19.  IN-SITU COMBUSTION
• 2 Types of In-Situ combustion process exists-
1. HTO
2. LTO
• HTO stands for High Temperature
Oxidation.
• LTO stands for Low Temperature
Oxidation.

20.  IN-SITU COMBUSTION
• HTO (500 – 600’ C) is for heavy oil.
• LTO (150 – 300’ C) is used for Light oil.
• In-Situ combustion recovers the reservoir oil
by the application of heat.
• Heat transferred to the subsurface with the
help of conduction or convection.

22. ANY QUERIES?

23. THANK YOU