Las clausulas relativas en inglés

1. RELATIVE CLAUSES
• Relative clauses describe and provide
information about something or someone that
we have usually already specified.
– I like working with students who appreciate
what I do.
• We use relative clauses in order to identify
things or people and to distinguish them from
other similar things.

2. USE
• We use relative clauses to give
additional information about something
without starting another sentence.
• By combining sentences with a
relative clause, your text becomes
more fluent and you can avoid
repeating certain words.

3. How to Form Relative Clauses
Think the next situation.
A woman is talking to Tom.
You want to know who she is and
ask a friend if he knows her.
>>You can say:
A woman is talking to Tom.
Do you know the girl?

4. That sounds complicated, doesn't
it?
>> It would be easier with a relative
clause: you put both pieces of
information into one sentence.
Start with the most important thing
– you want to know who the
woman is.
Do you know the woman …

5. As your friend cannot know which
woman you are talking about, you
need to put in the additional
information – the woman is talking
to Tom.
>Use „the woman“ only in the first
part of the sentence,
> in the second part replace it with
the relative pronoun (for people,
use the relative pronoun “who”).

6. So the final sentence is:
Do you know the woman
who is talking to Tom?

7. Where do they come in
sentences?
• They usually come immediately after what
they qualify
– People who know different foreign
languages make better language teachers.
• When the relative pronoun is the subject of the
relative clause the order is subject+verb+object
– He showed me the rocks which he had
collected.
• When the relative pronoun is the object the order is
object+subject+verb
– The bus came at last, which was an
enormous relief.

8. WHO
• subject or object pronoun for people
1. Subject: I told you about the woman who lives next
door.
2. Object: (Pronoun Omission)
Mary is the girl (who/whom) we met at the party.

9. WHICH
• subject or object pronoun for animals
and things
1. Subject: Do you see the cat which is lying on the roof?
2. Object: (Pronoun Omission) :Have you seen the book
(which ) I put on this table?

10. THAT
• subject or object pronoun for people,
animals and things in defining relative
clauses (who or which are also possible)
1. Subject: I don’t like the table that /which stands in the
kitchen.
2. Object: (Pronoun Omission):Pronoun Omission):This is the sweater (that/
which) I bought on Saturday.

11. WHOSE
• possession for people animals and
things. WHOSE cannot be omitted.
Do you know the girl whose mother is a nurse?