This document discusses how to change direct speech into reported speech by modifying verb tenses and time/place expressions. It covers reported statements, questions, orders, requests and examples of each. When changing the reporting verb to the past tense, verb tenses in the reported speech are typically changed accordingly, such as present to past. Pronouns, time and place references may also need to be altered depending on when the reported speech is being reported.

1. REPORTED SPEECH

2. REPORTED SPEECH
• One person say something and we want to
tell it to another person.
• If this verb is in the present then We just put
'says'
• Example:
Direct speech: “I like ice cream”.
Reported speech: She says she likes ice cream.

3. REPORTED SPEECH
• if the reporting verb is in the past tense, then
usually we change the tenses in the
reported speech.
• Example:
Direct speech: “I like ice cream”.
Reported speech: She said she liked ice cream.

4. REPORTED SPEECH
• Present continuous >> Past continuous
• Example:
• Direct speech : I’m living in Nonthaburi
• Reported Speech : She said She was living in
Nonthaburi
• Past continuous >> Past Perfect continuous
• Example:
• Direct speech : I was writing a letter.
• Reported Speech : She said She had been
writing a letter.

5. REPORTED SPEECH
• Present Perfect >> Past Perfect
• Example:
• Direct speech : I haven’t seen my book.
• Reported Speech : She said She hadn’t seen
her book.
• Past Perfect
• Example:
• Direct speech : I had taken Chinese lesson.
• Reported Speech : She said she had taken Chinese lesson.

6. REPORTED SPEECH
• Should
• Example:
• Direct speech : I should stay at home.
• Reported Speech : She said she should stay at home.
• Might
• Example:
• Direct speech : I might be late.
• Reported Speech : She said she might be late

7. REPORTED QUESTION
• Reported YES/NO questions
• To change questions into indirect speech,
word “if” or “whether” is used before the
question in indirect speech.
• Example:
• Direct speech: He said to me, “Do you like
music?”
• Indirect Speech: He asked me if I liked music.
• Or Indirect Speech: He asked me whether I liked
music.

8. REPORTED QUESTION
• Reported Wh- questions
• This type of question is reported by using
'ask' + question word + clause.
• The clause contains the question, in normal
word order and change by the tense.

9. REPORTED QUESTION
Direct speech Indirect speech
"What is your name?" she asked
me.
She asked me what my name was.
The policeman said to the girl,
"Where do you live?"
The policeman asked the girl where
she lived.
What time does the train arrive?"
she asked.
She asked what time the train
arrived.
Ice said to Cheetah, "Why are you
so late?"
Ice asked Cheetah why he was so
late.

10. REPORTED ORDERS
• An order is when somebody tells you to do
something and you have no choice. It is not
usually polite. It is a "command". Reported
orders are one form of reported speech
• We usually introduce reported orders with
the verb "tell". The structure is very simple:

11. REPORTED ORDERS
• Tell + (pro)noun +to + infinitive
• Ex.1 The policeman told us to follow him.
• Ex.2 We told the man not to smoke.
• Because we use the infinitive there is no
need to worry about tense. But as with
reported statements and reported requests,
we may need to change pronouns as well
as time and place in reported orders

12. REPORTED ORDERS
• Here are some examples:

13. REPORTED REQUESTS
• Reported Requests are one form of Reported
Speech.
• We usually introduce Reported Requests with the
verb. “ ask ”
• The structure is :
ask + (pro)noun + to + infinitive

14. REPORTED REQUESTS
• Example 1 :
I said politely , “ Please make less noise ”
• Reported Requests :
I ask them politely to make less noise.
• Example 2 :
She always says , “ Please don’t forget me ”
• Reported Requests :
She always asks me not to forget her.

15. TIME EXPRESSIONS WITH REPORTED
SPEECH
• Sometimes when we change direct speech
into reported speech we have to change
time expressions too.
• depends on when we heard the direct
speech and when we say the reported
speech.

16. TIME EXPRESSIONS WITH REPORTED
SPEECH
• now
• then / at that time
• today
• yesterday / that day / Tuesday / the 27th of June
• yesterday
• the day before yesterday / the day before / Wednesday / the
5th of December
• last night
• the night before, Thursday night
• last week
• the week before / the previous week
• tomorrow
• today / the next day / the following day / Friday

17. TIME EXPRESSIONS WITH REPORTED
SPEECH
• For example:
• On Monday, Nut says "I'm leaving today".
• If I tell someone on Tuesday, I’ll say “Nut
said she was leaving yesterday".
• If I tell someone on Wednesday, I’ll say
“Nut said she was leaving on Monday".
• If I tell someone a month later, I’ll say “Nut
said she was leaving last month".

18. REFERENCE
• http://www.studyandexam.com/indirect-speech-
for-interrogative.html
• http://www.edufind.com/english-
grammar/question-forms-and-reported-speech/
• https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/grammar-
reference/reported-questions
• http://www.perfect-english-
grammar.com/reported-speech.html
• http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-
up/grammar/reported-speech