Molecular and Cellular Mechanism of Action of Hormones such as Growth Hormone...
QUALITY IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY.pptx
1. Outline of presentation
• Basics of quantitative and qualitative analysis
• Quantitative methods of analysis
• What is total quality management
• Quality audits and quality reviews
• Responsibility of laboratory staff for quality and problem
• Basic concepts of safety in laboratory
• Reference
• Acknowledgement
2. Basics of quantitative and qualitative
analysis
• Quantitative analysis is a method used for determining the
amount of chemical in a sample.
• An acid-base titration is an example of quantitative analysis.
• Qualitative analysis deals with the identification of elements,
ions, or compounds present in a sample.
• Qualitative tests ay be performed by selective chemical
reactions or with the use of instrumentation
3. Quantitative methods of analysis
• Calibration curve: Calibration curve is also known as a standard
curve.
• It is a general method for determining the concentration of a
substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown
to a set of standard samples of known concentrations.
• Calibration curve are use to understand the instrumental
response to an analyte, and to predict the concentration of
analyte in a sample.
• We take some known concentration of the given solution and
find the intensity of the emitted light.
4. • A graph of intensity measured Vs concentration is plotted.
• Now the intensity of test solution is measured.
concentration intensity
5ppm 50
10ppm 100
15ppm 150
20ppm 200
25ppm 250
30ppm 300
unknown 125
50
100
150
200
250
300
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
intensity
concentration
Y-Values
5. Standard addition method
• In this method the intensity of the light of the test solution is
measured with reference to the blank.
• Then a series of standards having definite amount of unknown
plus varying amount of standard are prepared and diluted to
the same volume in each case.
• A graph of measured property against concentrations of
standard gives a linear curve.
• The concentration of the unknown can be determined by
extrapolation of line which cuts to X-axis.
6. Concentration intensity
X + 0ppm 150
X + 5ppm 200
X + 10ppm 250
X + 15ppm 300
X + 20ppm 350
X + 25ppm 400
X + 30ppm 450
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40
intensity
concentration
Y-Values
7. Types of quality standards for
laboratories
• Quality control: to provide accurate and reliable results in the
minimum possible time and with minimum errors.
• There are two types of quality standards for laboratories
• Internal quality control: In this method we check the quality of
work internally in lab with known sample. This is further
divided into
• Pre – analytical: patient identification, labelling error, etc.
• Analytical: right technique, instruments, etc.
• Post – analytical : right reporting, right record, etc.
8. • External quality control: in this method external agency send us
artificial sample, we have to do proper test in lab. Then we send
report to the agency/organization for giving assurance to our
lab. Such as WHO.
9. Total quality management
• Total quality management is a management approach which
involves all employees and also customers for continuous
improvement in products and customer satisfaction.
• Directly, quality refers to satisfaction of the needs and
expectations of users or customers.
• The four main components of a
quality management system:
10. Responsibility of laboratory staff for
quality and problems
• Handling and managing chemicals and laboratory apparatus.
• Maintain laboratory equipment and tools in clean, safe and
good conditions.
• Identify and troubleshoot equipment issues.
• Order and stock laboratory supplies and instruments.
• Follow proper waste disposal and recycling methodologies.
11. Safety in laboratory
• Basic concepts of safety in laboratories :
• Safety goggles are mandatory for all the lab workers.
• Gloves shall be worn while working in the lab and should be
removed before touching surfaces outside the work area.
• Perform only the authorised experiments and never work alone.
• Special care should be taken while working with organic
solvents.
• Put away all the chemical bottles and apparatus when finished
with them.
12. Personal protection equipment(PPE)
• Personal protective equipment (PPE) appropriate for the work
conditions and must be worn when working with laboratory
hazards.
• This must include:
• Laboratory coats
• Safety glasses
• Gloves appropriate to the hazard
• Fully enclosed footwear
13. Toxic hazard (TH) classifications
• A chemical hazard is a substance that has the potential to cause
harm to life or health.
• There are four classes of hazardous classifications:
• Class 1: explosives
• Class 2: gases - flammable gases, non-flammable gases and toxic
(poisonous)
• Class 3: flammable liquids
• Class 4: flammable solids – flammable solids, substance liable to
spontaneous combustion and substance when in contact emit
flammable gases
14. There are some toxic hazard symbols which is represented as:
