Coal briquettes provide an alternative fuel source to traditional firewood. Coal is a sedimentary rock formed from decomposed plant materials and is widely used as fuel. Briquettes are compressed materials like coal dust and biomass. Making coal briquettes involves drying, crushing, screening and pressing coal particles into a coherent shape. Coal briquettes are easy to handle, transport, store and burn efficiently with a uniform heat value. Using coal briquettes can help reduce deforestation by providing an alternative to firewood and reduce pollution by replacing sulfur in coal. Gombe State in Nigeria has coal deposits that could be developed into coal briquette production to provide an alternative energy source and

1. ABUBAKAR UMAR MUNGADI
(SCIENTIFICOFFICER I)

2.  INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS COAL?
 WHAT IS BRIQUETTE?
 COAL BRIQUETTE
 ADVANTAGES OF COAL BRIQUETTE
 DISADVANTAGES OF COAL BRIQUETTE
 THE NEED FOR COAL BRIQUETTE AS
ALTERNATIVETO FUELWOOD
 COCLUTION

3. Availability of energy is a driving force behind
economic and social development of any
nation. Coal has played an important role in
the provision of energy for centuries, not only
providing electricity but also as an essential
fuel for steel and cement production and
other industrial activities.At the domestic
level, instead of using firewood to cook,
smokeless coal briquettes can be used for
cooking.

4. Coal is a hard black or dark sedimentary rock
formed by the decomposition of plant materials.
It is used as fuel. Before the decayed material
forms coal, the plant material forms a dark
brown compact organic material known as Peat.
It has low carbon and high moisture content
relative to coal. Overtime, layers of sediment
continue to accumulate over the peat and forms
lignite. Coal evolves from lignite into high
graded coal.There are three main grades of
Coal; Sub bituminous, Bituminous and
Anthracite.

5. Briquette is a small rectangular block or
round log of compressed material such as
charcoal, saw dust, or agricultural residue and
coal dust. Briquettes are made in a
briquetting process which can be piston
press, screw extractor etc.
4.0 COAL BRIQUETTE
When small particles of solid materials are
pressed together to form coherent shapes of
large size.The process is termed as briquetting.
The Coal briquetting process consists of drying
the coal, crushing, screening and pressing.

6. COAL BREQUETTE
STRAW AND BIOMASS BREQUETTE

7. COAL BREQUETTE

8. The main advantages of coal briquette in
comparison to the other forms of wood fuels
are;
 Easy to handle and transported because they are
stable or resistant to disintegration;
 Easy to store, no biological or mechanical decay
if they are kept dry;
 High and uniform thermal value;
 More efficient combustion and
 Odorless.

9.  The combustion of coal briquette causes
corrosion and air pollution which is due to sulfur
in the coal.The coal can be desulfurized by
adding lime (CaO) which forms Calcium
Sulphate (CaSO4) and also serves as binder
during coal briquetting.
 Burning of coal also produces Carbon dioxide
(CO2) but if coal is used to replace fuel wood, the
consumption of coal can save fuel wood from
trees which will absorb carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere.

10. Population explosion and the need to meet
energy demands lead to deforestation level
being higher than forestation efforts which
results in environmental degradation. Uses of
firewood increase at an astronomical rate
annually.The high cost of petroleum products,
low coverage of electricity grid, increasing
scarcity of traditional fuel woods due to
deforestation created an energy deficit situation
in rural areas. Environmental experts predicted
massive deforestation if crisis is not being met
from alternative source.

11. Gombe State is among the Nigerian States that
are blessed with abundant coal deposits,The
coal deposit are found in Doho and Kurumu with
Sub-bituminous coal as deposit. It is therefore
necessary to concentrate on coal development
and utilization as an alternative source of
energy.The commercial development of coal
briquette could be an alternative to fuel wood
Therefore there is a need for public private
partnership (ppp) to establish coal briquette
factory in the state

12. Briquette production technology, a type of
clean coal technology, can help prevent flood
and serve as a global warming
countermeasure by conserving forestry
resources through the provision of a stable
supply of briquette as a substitute for
firewood.