Cost estimation of a Building

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INTERNSHIP PRESENTATION ON
QUANTITY ESTIMATION OF BUILDING
Under the Guidance of Presented by
Shaik Vaheed M.Tech B.Aravind B151144
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Civil Engineerin P.Thirumalesh B151435
RGUKT Basar
B.Naresh B151372
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF KNOWLEDGE TECHNOLOGIES

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1. What is Estimation?
2. Essential Qualities of Good Estimator.
3. Types of Estimates.
4. Methods of Detailed Estimates.
5. Description of Measurements for Common Items.
6. Estimation of Building, Plan , Foundation , Tabular forms..
7. Results.
8. Conclusion.
9. References.
CONTENT

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Estimation
Estimation is the scientific way of working out the approximate cost of an engineering
project before execution of the work.
It is totally different from calculation of the exact cost after completion of the project.
Estimation requires a thorough Knowledge of the construction procedures and cost of
materials & labour in addition to the skill ,experience, foresight and good judgment
For a good estimate the, actual cost of the proposed work after completion should not
differ by more then 5 to 10 % from its approximate cost estimate, provided there are no
unusual, unforeseen circumstances.

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1. It help to work out the approximate cost of the project in order to decide its
feasibility with respect to the cost and to ensure the financial resources, it the
proposal is approved.
2. Requirements of controlled materials, such as cement and steel can be estimated
for making applications to the controlling authorities.
3. It is used for framing the tenders for the work sand to check contractor’s work
during and after the its execution for the purpose of making payments to the
contractor.
4. From quantities of different items of work calculated in detailed estimation,
resources are allocated to different activities of the project and ultimately their
durations and whole planning and scheduling of the project is carried out.
NEED FOR ESTIMATE

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ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATOR
Note the location of the proposed building.
Get all data available regarding the soil.
Make a sketch of the site showing all important details.
Obtain information concerning light, power, and water.
Secure information concerning banking facilities.
Note conditions of streets leading to railway yards and to material dealers, and
Investigate general efficiency of local workman.

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1.To Explain the process of estimating the building cost for a Building.
2.To prepare a preliminary estimate of the cost of a residential Structure.
3.Generate a final estimate for a simple Structure.
4.To Estimate the quantities of a residential building by using long wall and short
wall method.
5. To know the approximate quantities of various material.
OBJECTIVIES

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TYPES OF ESTIMATES
There are two main types of estimates:-
1 = Rough cost estimate.
2 = Detailed estimate.
Depending upon the purpose of estimate,
some types of detailed estimate are as
follows:-
a) Contractor's estimate
b) Engineer's estimate
c) Progress estimate

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• Detailed estimates are prepared by carefully and separately calculating in detail
the costs of various items of the work.
• The mistakes, if any, in the rough cost estimate are eliminated in the detailed
estimate.
• Detailed estimates are submitted to the competent authorities for obtaining
technical sanction.
DETAILED ESTIMATE

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The dimensions, length, breadth and height or depth are to
be taken out from the working drawings (plan, elevation
and section).
Junctions of walls, corners and the meeting points of walls
require special attention.
For symmetrical footings, which is the usual case, earthwork
in excavation in foundations, foundation concrete, brickwork
in foundation and plinth, and brickwork in superstructure
may be estimated by either of the two methods:
(1) SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALL METHOD
(2) CENTER LINE METHOD
METHODS OF DETAILED ESTIMATE

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• The walls running in one direction are termed as "long walls” and the
walls running in the transverse direction, as "Short walls", without
keeping in mind which wall is lesser in length and which wall is greater
in length.
• Lengths of long walls are measured or found "Out-to out" and those of
short walls as "Into- in".
• Different quantities are calculated by multiplying the length by the
breadth and the height of the wall.
SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALLS METHOD

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1.Site Clearance Works.
2.Excavation for Foundation Trenches.
3.Foundation Concrete.
4.Brick Work in Foundation up to Plinth.
5.Damp Proof Course.
6.Brick Work in Super Structure.
7. Roofing & R.C.C work.
8. Floor.
9.Plastering.
DESCRIPTION AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT FOR COMMON ITEMS

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Selected Building for Estimation

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ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING : PLAN

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SPECIFICATIONS
1.Clear Height of the Walls(Long & Short) = 3.96 m.
2.Plinth Level = 0.4 m.
3.Thickness of Roof Slab = 0.15 m.
4.Parapet wall Height = 1 m.
5.Parapet Wall Width = 0.1 m.
6.Lintels width & Height = 1.10 &0.15m
7.Damp proof Course = 2.5cm thickness of bitumen & polythene Sheet
8.Internal Finish = Three Coats of White Wash
9.External Finish= Three Coats of Weather Shield Paint
10.Door Dimensions = 1.98 m*1.1 m
11. Window Dimensions = 1.28m *1.22m

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CENTRE TO CENTRE LENGTHS
S1 & S2 & S3 = (4.3+3.5)+(0.3)+(0.3/2)+(0.3/2) = 8.4 m
L1 & L2 & L3= (5.21)+(4.725)+(0.3)+(0.3/2)+(0.3/2) = 10.545 m
K = (4.3)+(0.3/2)+(0.3/2) = 4.6 m

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Details of Measurement and Calculations of Building
Item
No. Particulars of Items No. Length Breadth Height or Depth Quantity
1 Earthwork in Excavation in
Foundation
Long Walls……
Short Walls…..
Kitchen Wall…..
3
3
1
10.535+0.6
8.4+0.6
4.6+0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
14.03
11.34
2.184
Total = 27.6 m^3
2 Lime Concrete in
foundation
Long Walls….
Short Walls…
Kitchen Wall…
3
3
1
11.135
9.0
5.20
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.3
6.01
4.86
0.936
Total = 11.806 m^3

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Item
No. Particular of Item No. Length Breadth Height or Depth Quantity
3 1st Class Brick Work in 1:6
cement mortar in
foundation and plinth
(i) Long Walls…
a) 1st Footing
b) Plinth
(ii) Short Walls….
a) 1st Footing
b) Plinth
Kitchen Wall…
a) 1st Footing
b) Plinth
3
3
3
3
1
1
10.935
10.835
8.8
8.7
5
4.9
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.60
0.20
0.60
0.4
0.3
2.62
1.95
2.112
4.691
0.4
0.882
Total = 12.662 m^3
4 Damp Proof Course
2.5 cm thick c.c
Long Walls….
Short Walls….
Kitchen Wall…
3
3
1
10.835
8.4
4.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
-
-
-
9.75
7.56
1.29
Total= 18.6 m^2

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Item
No. Particulars of Item No. Length Breadth Height or Depth Quantity
5 1st Class Brick Work in
Lime Mortar in
Superstructure
Long Walls…
Short Walls…
Kitchen Wall….
Deduct
Door openings
Windows Opening
Lintels over Doors
Lintels over Windows
3
3
1
5
6
2
6
10.835
8.7
4.9
1.10
1.22
1.10
1.22
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
3.96
3.96
3.96
1.98
1.28
0.15
0.15
38.61
31.006
5.82
Total = 75.43 m^3
3.261
2.81
0.099
0.3294
Total = 6.49 m^3
Total = 75.43-6.49=68.92 m^3
6 Concrete in Slab 1 10.835 8.7 0.15 14.139 m^3

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Item
No.
Particulars of Item No. Length Breadth Height or Depth Quantity
7 Plastering Of Super
Structure
Long Walls…
Short Walls..
Kitchen Wall…
Deduct
Door openings
Windows
3
3
1
5
6
10.835
8.7
4.3
1.10
1.22
-
-
-
-
-
3.96
3.96
3.96
1.98
1.28
128.71
103.356
17.025
TOTAL = 249.094 m^2
For both side of walls
249.094*2= 498.18 m^2
17.424
9.36
Total = 26.79 m^2
For both Sides
26.79*2=53.58 m^2
Plastering for Super
structure is
498.18-53.58=444.59 m^2

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Details of Measurement and Calculations of Quantities of Compound Wall
Item
No. Particulars of Items No. Length Breadth Height or Depth Quantity
1 Earthwork in Excavation of
Compound Wall
Long Walls……
Short Walls…..
2
2
21.35+0.40
10.85+0.40
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
10.44
5.4
Total = 15.84 m^3
2 Lime Concrete in
foundation of Compound
Wall
Long Walls….
Short Walls…
2
2
21.35+0.40
10.85+0.40
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
3.48
1.8
Total = 5.28 m^3

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Item
3 1st Class Brick Work
Compound Wall
Long Walls…
Short Walls…
Deduct
Gate openings
2
2
1
21.35+0.15
10.85+0.40
- 1.6
0.15
0.15
0.15
1.85
1.85
1.85
11.93
6.11
Total = 18.035 m^3
0.444 m^3
Total = 18.035-0.444=17.591 m^3
4 Plastering of Compound Wall
(Sides)
Long Walls….
Short Walls….
(Top)
Long Walls…..
Short Walls…..
Deduct
Gate Opening
2
2
2
2
1
21.5
11
21.5
11
1.6
-
-
0.15
0.15
1.55
1.55
-
-
1.85
66.65
34.1
6.45
3.3
Total= 110.5 m^2 *2= 221 m^2
2.96 m^2
Total = 221-2.96=218.2 m^2

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Item
1 1st Class Brick Work in
Parapet Wall
Long Walls…
Short Walls…
Deduct
Parapet Wall opening
2
2
1
10.835
8.1
0.8
0.1
0.1
0.1
1
1
1
2.167
1.62
Total = 3.787 m^3
0.08 m^3
Total = 3.787-0.08=3.707 m^3
4 Plastering for Parapet Wall
(Sides)
Long Walls….
Short Walls….
(Top)
Long Walls…..
Short Walls…..
Deduct
Parapet Wall Opening(Side
Parapet Wall opening (top)
2
2
2
2
1
1
10.835
8.7
10.835
8.7
0.8
0.8
-
-
0.1
0.1
-
0.1
1
1
-
-
1
-
21.67
17.4
2.167
1.67
Total= 42.907 m^2 *2= 85.814 m^2
0.8*2=1.6 m^2
0.08*2=0.16 m^2 => 1.76 m^2
Total = 85.814-1.76= 84.054 m^2

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Observations from Staircase
1. Height of Slab = 3.96 m.
2. Height to be acquired for on flight = 1.98 m.
3. Tread & Rise Lengths = 0.28 m & 0.16 m
4. Number of Risers = 12
5. Number of Treads = 11
6. Thickness of Waist Slab = 0.1524 m.
7. Length of Step = 0.9 m.

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Calculations
1. Volume of Concrete for Steps
Volume of One Step = ½* Riser*Tread*Length of Step
= 0.21 m^3.
Volume for 12 steps = 12*0.21
= 2.42 m^3.
2. Volume of Concrete for Waist Slab
Volume of waist Slab = Inclined Length * Length of Slab * Width of Slab
= 3.9*0.9*0.15 = 0.54 m^3.
3. Volume of Concrete for First Flight
Total volume = Volume of waist Slab + Volume of Steps
= 0.54 + 2.42 = 2.96 m^3.

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4. Volume of concrete for Landing of Staircase
Concrete volume for landing = Length * Width * Thickness of Landing
= 1.9 * 1 * 0.15
= 0.29 m^3.
5. Total Volume for Staircase
Volume = Volume of First Flight + Volume of Second Flight + Volume of Landing
= 2.96 + 2.96 + 0.29
= 6.21 m^3

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Total Estimation of a Building
No. Particular of an Item Quantity( in m^3)
1 Earthwork in Excavation for Building and Compound Wall 27.6 + 15.84 = 43.33 m^3
2 Lime concrete in foundation of Building and Compound Wall 11.806 + 5.28 =
3 1st Class Brick Work in 1:6 cement mortar in foundation and plinth of
Building
12.67 m^3
4 Damp Proof Course 2.5 cm thick c.c of Building 18.6 m^3
5 1st Class Brick Work in Lime Mortar in Superstructure of Building ,
Compound Wall and Parapet Wall.
68.92 + 17.59 + 3.71 = 90.22 m^3
6 Plastering Of Super Structure of Building , Compound Wall and Parapet
Wall.
444.59 +218.2 + 84.05 = 746.84 m^2
7 Concrete in Slab 14.14 m^3
8 Total Volume of concrete of Staircase 6.21 m^3

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Cost and time project estimate is a critical preparation in project management
process. Both of top-down and bottom-up approach is useful and applicable in
specific situations. Estimation as well as preparation for project, especially mission
critical ones, should be done so that it can reduce risks in implementing project,
control and assess this implementation process.
In this project we have estimated all the major items of works (Earth work
excavation, sand filling footings and columns, beams, slab total RCC Quantities and
brick work Quantities, plastering, painting, etc.) according to the drawings
CONCLUSION

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• Akshay chaudhary and Payal Sachedeva and Maninderpal Singh; Design and
Estimation of a reinforced building: A Case study ISR journal of civil
Engineering.
• Estimation And Costing In Civil Engineering Theory And Practice Including
Specifications And Valuations B.N Dutta.
• Estimating, Costing, Specifications & Valuations in Civil Engineering By
Monojit Chakraborti (Book).
• Estimating in building construction By steven J.Peterson and Frank R.Dagostino.
REFERENCES

Cost estimation of a Building

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