here presented a full discovered pill cam contents for the pdf of report, email on slnajeetlv@gmail.com

1. INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
( ELECTRONICS DEPARTMENT )
EC-THIRD YEAR
GUIDEDBY- PRESENTED BY-
Er. RICHA PARIHAR AJEET Kr. RAM

3. CONTENTS-
Introduction
Historical Overviews
Pill camera
Sayaka endoscope capsule
Applications
Advantages
Drawbacks & Overcome
Challenges
Conclusion

4. INTRODUCTION:
Edible Means- Implantable and Ingestible.
Edible electronic devices that stay inside our body
pose is unique engineering challenges.
These should not only use the best processor but
also be minimal in size, biocompatible, safe and
extremely reliable.
Reliability is all the more important as it often
turns out to be a case of life or death.

5. SOME IMPLANTS
pacemaker
Cochlear
Implant
Retinal
Implant
Cardiovas -
cular
Implant
Glucose
Monitoring
Implant
Brain
Interface
Implant
Pill Cam

6. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT:
Despite so many risks and challenges, it is
awesome to see how implants have developed
since the days of the first pacemaker in 1958.

7. Pill Camera

8. Technical Overview:
 Edible Electronics make possible many medical applications that are
only dreamed of today by the wildest minds.
 In The future, many surgical procedures may be eliminated in favor of
edible solutions, and the possibilities will grow as time and technology
advances.
 Proteus Digital Health was one of the pioneers in ingestible tech. Their
solutions comprises a pill, a patch that is attached outside to the
stomach and a mobile app.

9.  Current Products in this area are summarized in table below with their
descriptions in terms of functionality and its origin.

10. Introduction to Capsule Camera
Imagine a vitamin pill-sized camera that could travel
through our body taking pictures, helping diagnose a
problem which doctor previously would have found
only through surgery.

11. Conventional Method:
 The conventional method that Doctors would have preferred earlier
was Endoscopy Procedure-

12. Conventional Pill cam

13. SAYAKA ENDOSCOPE CAPSULE :

14. How It Works
 Pop this pill, and eight hours later, doctors can examine a high-resolution video
of your intestines for tumours and other problems.

15. How the Pill Films Your Innards Down the Hatch
 The patient gulps down the capsule, and the digestive process begins.
 Over the next eight hours, the pill travels passively down the esophagus
and through roughly 20 to 25 feet of intestines, where it will capture up
to 870,000 images.
 The patient feels nothing
Power Up:
 The Sayaka doesn't need a motor to move through your gut, but it does
require 50 milliwatts to run its camera, lights and computer.
 Batteries would be too bulky, so the cam draws its power through
induction charging.
 A vest worn by the patient contains a coil that continuously transmits
power.

16. How It Work
Start Snapping :
 When it reaches the intestines, the Sayaka cam begins capturing 32
megapixel images per second (twice the resolution of other pill cams).
 Fluorescent and white LEDs in the pill illuminate the tissue walls.
Spin For Close-Ups :
 Previous pill cameras place the camera at one end, facing forward, so
the tissue walls are visible only in the periphery of their photos.
 Sayaka is the first that gets a clearer picture by mounting the camera
facing the side and spinning 360 degrees so that it shoots directly at the
tissue walls.
 As the outer capsule travels through the gut, an electromagnet inside
the pill reverses its polarity. This causes a permanent magnet to turn
the inner capsule and the image sensor 60 degrees every two seconds.
 It completes a full swing every 12 seconds—plenty of time for repeated
close-ups, since the capsule takes about two minutes to travel one inch.

17. How It Work:
Offload Data:
 Instead of storing each two-megapixel image internally, Sayaka continually
transmits shots wirelessly to an antenna in the vest, where they are saved to
a standard SD memory card.
Deliver Video :
 Doctors pop the SD card into a PC, and software compiles thousands of
overlapping images into a flat map of the intestines that can be as large as
1,175 megapixels.
 Doctors can replay the ride as video and magnify a problem area up to 75-
fold to study details.
Leave the Body:
 At around Rs500, the cam is disposable, so patients can simply flush it
away.

18. APPLICATIONS
For cancer diagnosis.
Mal-absorption Disorders.
Tumors of the small intestine.
Vascular Disorders(Intestinal ischemia).
Ulcerative Colitis
Medication Related To Small Bowel Injury.
Authentication

19. ADVANTAGES:
Painless, no side affects or complications.
Small size, so can move easily through digestive
system.
Accurate, precise and effective.
Images taken are of very high quality which are
sent almost instantaneously to the data recorder
for storage.
Made of bio-compatible material, doesn’t cause
any harm to the body.
Compared to x-ray,ct scan and normal endoscopy
it is more efficient.

20. Drawbacks & Overcomes…
Patients with gastrointestinal structures or
narrowing are not good candidates for this
procedure due to the risk of obstruction.
The Pill will get stucked if there is a partial
obstruction in the small intestine.
Impossible to control Camera behaviour.
The first drawback is overcome using another
product manufactured with the help of
nanotechnology which is the rice- grain sized
motor.
Other two drawbacks can be overcome using a bi-
directional telemetry Camera..

21. CHALLENGES:
Challenges Solutions
Miniaturization It is overcome by advancement in IC
technology.
Thermal Management While designing an implantable
device, engineers have to consider
thermal properties of biomaterials.
Biocompatible Currently we have biocompatible
polymers for use in drug delivery,
semiconductor materials for
biosensors, implantable
microelectrodes and ceramics for
bone replacement.
Environmental Impact of
Cuttlefish Demand

22. FUTURE SCOPE
Many surgical procedure may remove
in future.
We can eat our robot for drug delivery,
diagnosis or to remove some particles.

23. Conclusion:
Sayaka Endoscope Pill
Cam.mp4

24. References:
Research paper Carnegie Mellon University
www.ieee.in//bettingerreportonedibleelectronic
www.electronicsforyou.com
Wikipedia.

25. ***THANK YOU***