LEVELS OF STYLISTIC
ANALYSIS
By JULIUS PAULO
ESQUIJO FLORES
BSED ENGLISH 3-A

GRAPHOLOGY
It is the study of hand writing. For
example as a way of learning more
about somebody's character through his
writing: contracted forms, commas,
stops, question marks etc.

PHONOLOGY
It is the study of sound system of a
language and also describes formal rules
of pronunciation. The phonological
analysis focuses on the analyzing sound
patterns, utterance of different words
and forming systemic use of sound in
language in order to know about the
meaning, ideas, focuses and
idiosyncratic behaviors in a text. The
phonological devices are alliteration,
repetition, consonance, assonance etc

GRAMMATICAL LEVEL
1.Morphological level
2. Syntactic level
Grammatical level includes grammar, parts of
speech, clauses and phrases used in writing. It
helps us to find out subtleties of time, place
and about what is done, what is going to be
and what was in the past. Through grammatical
analysis of text we can know the author’s
intended meanings and foreshadowing
meanings and events.

LEXICAL
Lexical are total amount of vocabulary
items and use of words in a piece of
text. Lexical level: it includes the study
of individual words and idioms in
different linguistics contexts. It involves
the study of semantics, word formation,
and morphology.

SEMANTICS
Semantics is the study of, meanings in a
language. Meanings are judged through
the analysis of context, social and
individual point of views. Pragmatics is
also a branch of semantics which allow
us to find out the hidden meanings to be
judged by the reader through the
environment created by the poet in a
poem.

PRAGMATICS
Pragmatics is the study of invisible
meaning in a piece of text spoken or
written. It discusses how we recognize
the invisible meanings in a text. It is the
context based study including linguistic
context, thematic context, pre-existing
knowledge and physical context of the
text.

DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
It is the study of text language and
conversations. When we concentrate in
linguistic description we focus on
accurate representation of form and
meaning within the text. It also provides
us chance to create a complex
interpretation of a simple discourse and
simple interpretation of a complex
language in order to facilitate the
readers.

EXAMPLES OF
GRAPHOLOGICAL FEATURES:
1. Rhyme scheme
2. Hyphens
3. Unusual capitalization
4. Frequent use of a particular
word/s
5. Contractions/ contracted forms
6. Punctuations
7. Spelling

PHONOLOGICAL FEATURES
End rhyme
Alliteration
Assonance
Onomatopoeic words
Tone of the author

GRAMMATICAL FEATURES
Structural and lexical features
-Word classes or parts of speech
-Nouns to interjections
-Use of verbals
-Coinages
-Unfamiliar expressions
-Connotations
-Colloquial references
-Compounding

PRAGMATIC FEATURES
Quotations
Deixis -these are some expressions that cannot be
understood without the knowledge of context and
physical context of speaker.
Person deixis: These are used to point things and
people. Examples of person deixis are : “Whose, her, his
,their ,him, this”
Temporal deixis: They point to time. Examples: “whole
time, till, then, soon”
Spatial deixis: They are used to point location. Examples
are where, there, here, etc

PRAGMATIC FEATURES
Inference: it is more dependent upon the reader’s ability
to understand the things than his dictionary knowledge
of words and language.
Anaphora: when we refer back to the situation, things,
person, events.
Cataphora: refers to an expression or subject which is
used afterward.
Repetition: a device that repeats the same words or
phrases a few times to make an idea clearer.

Presuppositions: an implicit assumption about the world
or background belief relating to an utterance whose truth
is taken for granted in discourse.
Eg. Jane no longer writes fiction.
This statement presupposes that Jane wrote fiction
before.

WORD FREQUENCY
It includes the words that are repeated more than one
time in the literary piece. These more than one time
occurrences may help in developing the understanding of
reader.RANK FREQUENCY WORD
1 10 The
2 8 Love
3 5 I

LITERARY DEVICES AND
TECHNIQUES
Figures of speech