Occupational Safety and Health Act, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

1. Occupational Safety and Health
( KAS3501 )
Year 3 6th Sem
Group 15
Presentation Date : 6th May 2015
1
No. Matric Name
UK29663 MUHAMMAD ALIFF BIN ZOLKARNAIN
UK29532 CHEW SHI YIN
UK29536 WAN NUR ADILA HUDA BT WAN BAKHRI
UK29547 NURUL HAFIZAH BT MOHD AFINDI
UK29743 NAZATUL SHAHIRA BT ABU BAKAR

3. • Workplace safety audit is one of the critical
inspection of a systematic organization to
minimize the loss cause by any accident.
• Most of the company done this audit
periodically as they think that it is additional
cost.
• Currently, there is no standard guidelines for
occupational safety and health management
system for audit, hence, company are allowed
to follow the system which is ready made or
build their own system.

4. To inform the company
• How well it is performing in H&S
• Whether managers and others are meeting the
standards which the company has set itself-
• Whether the company is complying with the H&S
laws which affect its business With the view that the
company making any improvements identified as
necessary from this information.

5. • Technical and process audit
-review on the design, development and operation of
the company to make sure that it fulfill all the
legislation and rules
• Hazard specific audit
-to make sure that the company fulfill all the need of
legislation on a hazard
• Management audit
-review whether it compliances to the company’s
objective

6. • Operation audit
-carried out on operations, for examples:
suitability of the safety procedure
• System audit
-Link the safety procedure with the standard/ act/
rules
• Strategy audit
-evaluate the current strategy and program of the
company about Occupational Safety and Health

8.  Audit role from an early assessment of the status
of occupational safety and health at work is carried
out in stages until the results of measurement of
achievement to see the strengths and weaknesses
of the implemented system.
 Audit is not only related with the overall
information management system but also the
relationship of control over the implementation and
maintenance of the system.

9. External Factors Internal Factors
Reassessment of
Early and Periodic
status
OSHA’s Policy
Organization
Plan &
Implementation
Performance
Measure of OSHA
Audit
Control relationshipsExternal Factors
Security audit role in safety management systems and occupational
health according to HS (G) 65

10. Safety and health management systems and occupational health
according to BS EN ISO 14001 approach
Audit
Initial status
review
OSHA’s Policy
Planning
Implementation
& Operations
Management
check
Checking &
Corrective
Action
Continuous
Improvement

11. Through the audit, the employer and the management can
systematically obtain information:
 The initial status information management systems H&S in the workplace.
 For a place that has never perform any safety audit, the first audit was
conducted to evaluate compliance with legal provisions, standards, practices
and safe work procedures. Audits also provide an assessment of the
efficiency and effectiveness of the use of existing resources. Status
information early in the workplace can be used as a baseline position safety
and health management system in the workplace. The audit of the
information management also can assess and design policies, organization
and management arrangements required in the safety and health at work.
 Provide current status information management system performance
H&S

12. For workplaces that already have H&S management
system is running, the audit should be done on a
regular basis in addition to other routine monitoring
methods. At this stage of the audit carried out for:
 Determine whether management systems H&S
that is, able to achieve the performance standards
required H&S (for example, legislative, standards,
good practices and so on);
 Determine the strengths and weaknesses of the
management systems H&S; and
 Determine whether the organization really has to
do and achieve anything planned.

13. The audit serves to examine, evaluate, inform, monitor
and improve the achievement levels of safety and health
management system in the workplace on an ongoing basis.
Continuous audit process suggests that an increase in
safety and health at work is an ongoing activity.
The first audit was not possible to identify all weaknesses
and shortcomings. It requires two subsequent audits.
This is because employees, machines, processes and the
environment is constantly changing and changing. Change
and these changes will affect the performance of the
elements of safety management and occupational health.
Thus, the audit should also be conducted on a regular
basis in accordance with the exchange and change.

15. Decide that audit is an
important element in the
management system of
K&K
The employer must
ensure that the freedom
of audit process is always
protected, either it is
internal or external audit
What is proposed in the
audit must be performed
as soon as possible even
though it had no
legislative impact
Informing to an employees that
the audit is not to finding the
faults and weaknesses of anyone
but looking the ways to improve
safety and health in the workplace.
Employees must provide full of
cooperation to the auditor.

16. The first step in the process of developing a audit
system is to determine the audit policy. To create the
policy, which some of issues need to be considered.
The scope and objectives of the
audit
Procedures and standards to be
used
Who is going to perform
Audit program
Format of audit reports and forecasts
to take action against the audit
findings

17. • When this issue was considered, then the decision
can be made whether to use the audit package or
develop their own audit system for the organisation.
• Audit system chosen should be the latest best
practices and appropriate to the nature and
complexity of the organisation
• The issue of the scope and objectives of the audit
were to be the main determinant of future
consideration of the issues.

18. • The scope of the audit is usually determined by the
auditee because they require auditing.
• For example, conducted the audit for certification
purposes or to evaluate the safety and health status
of the system, plant, machinery and so on.
• However, the selection of audit elements, audit areas
and audit activities is made with the head auditor.

19. The organisation who will carry out an audit must
appoint an audit manager which consists of skilled staff
in planning and managing audit.
The
manager is
responsible
in
Overall
organisational
audit program
determine
the auditors
(internal or
external
auditor)
obtain necessary
approvals for the
audit program
make and
ask for the
necessary
financial
requirements

20. Usually audit is determined by the factors such as the
characteristic of hazard, risk level, legislative
requirements, previous practice and etc.
Organisations that choose the external audit
-external auditor will involve in planning and
management audit
Organisations that choose the internal audit
- audit manager should conduct the audit itself in the
overall audit plan

21. Planning to carry out the internal audit :
Planned the audit program; including the audit
schedule and the schedule of activities in the audit.
Confirm the program with the employer and its
auditor team
Identifying the necessary documents (laws,
standards, guidelines, reports, etc.)
Collect the information from the checklists,
questionnaires and forms.
Ensure that all confidential information are safely
controlled

23. • The next step after audit has been planned.
• If external audit is used, all plans made in
organisational level must be informed to external
auditor.
• Communication between organisation and external
auditor must be limited to organisation audit
manager, to ensure the audit can be carried out
smoothly.
• Among things that need to be organised are
magnitude and behaviour of audit, terms of
reference and audit schedule

24. Magnitude and behaviour of audit:
• Scope; some or the entire organisation,
specific activities, issues etc
• Objective; by looking at the achievement
status or verify whether the organisation
comply to the legislative need or not.
• The need for skilled manpower.
• Auditor; internal or external.

25. • Auditing process involves time of auditor and
auditee.
• To ensure smoothness of the process, both parties
must consent to organise and set a schedule, which
include:
1. Audit time duration
2. Start and end time of audit
3. Interview, visit, examination and outcome
presentation schedule

26. Terms of Reference
• Must be clear and agreed by auditor and the auditee.
• Comprises objectives and scopes of audit, audit
report form, and those who will receive copies of the
report.

27. Auditor Requirements
• Completed Workplace Heath and Safety (WHS)
management system auditor training
• Must have WHS qualifications and/or relevant
WHS work experience.
• It is preferred that the auditors also have suitable
experience and knowledge of WHS systems and
the work environment being audited.
• Must be competent person
– For external audit this is not a problem as the auditor
has the qualification certificate
– For internal audit, the auditor must be as competent
as external auditor.

28. Internal Auditor
• Must be given competency training
adequately.
• Must be trained in WHS and auditing field.
• Follow auditor course handled by ISO or any
relevant authorities.
• Must have special technical skills in the case of
auditing technical system or process.

29. • Involves 3 main steps:
1. Audit meeting
2. Document examination
3. Workplace activity and site visit

30. Audit Protocol
• The date and scope of the audit is to be notified in
writing to the Manager of Unit 1 month prior to the
scheduled audit commencing
• An initial meeting with the management and key
personnel (e.g Workplace Advisory Committee Chair)
of the Unit to be conducted prior to the audit
• The audit is conducted over a 5-day period, however
subject to change depending on the size of audited
area
• The audit is conducted by WHS Unit which may
involve interviews, documentation review and/or
physical inspection of areas as determined from the
scope

31. • An audit close-out meeting will be held which
provides preliminary findings and a thank you for the
opportunity to audit and the official closing of the
audit week
• A draft audit report is prepared by the lead auditor
utilising database audit report template which
outlines the recommendations for improvement in
areas found to be deficient
• The draft audit report is sent to the Manager and
WAC representative for consultation
• After consultation period, the final report is sent to
the management of the area

33. a. Interview
b. Questionnaires
c. Observations
d. Checklist
e. Confirmation
f. Review documents, records and work
processes

34. • Audit data can be in quantitative and qualitative
• The best audit data is in quantitative because it
provide informations based on the objectives and
easy for making comparisons when needed.
• Qualitative data is exposed to various interpretations
as it contains subjective elements.

35. SAFETY AUDIT
COMPARISON
APPROACH
STATISTIC
APPROACH
COMPLIANCE
APPROACH
OBJECTIVES
APPROACH

36. • COMPARISON APPROACH
An approach when analyzing subjective characteristics
which have no standards and are used universally.
• STATISTIC APPROACH
An approach which frequently used by auditor. This
approach use numeric data and statistic such as
accidents frequency, treachery and others.
• COMPLIANCE APPROACH
Compliance with the requirements of an Act, Standard
Rules and Safety Work Procedures.
• OBJECTIVE APPROACH
Analyzing audit based on the objectives.

37. Reporting the audit
BS8800 proposes 3 types of audit reports must be
provided.
1) Early reponses
Short meeting at the end of each data collecting phase.
2) Draft report
A draft audit report for final checking by the managers.

38. 3) Final report
Final report consists of
- Scops and objectives of the audit
- Details of the audit plan
- Name lists of the audit team
- Audit dates
- Reference documents that has been used for
auditing
- Non-compliance observations
- Weaknesses and strengths of the matter that being
audited.
- Proposed repair actions for the weaknesses

39. Action on audit reports
• Spreading the final report
• Make a plan of action
• Monitor the action taken.

44. • Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qp29Kig
n58
• References
Ismail Bahari. (2006). Pengurusan
Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan
(2nd Edition). McGraw-Hill. Kuala Lumpur