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Oral Presentation - The Solution for Land Degradation in Ethiopia.pptx
- 1. The Solution for Land Degradation in Ethiopia Name: Bisrat Erstu ID: M80009127
- 2. Background Information about Ethiopia Regarding Soil Resource • Ethiopia is rich in natural resources. • It finds its most essential resource in its fertile soil. • Most of its people rely on soil for their livelihood. • Agriculture is the backbone of the country’s economy.
- 3. 85% 15% The Percentage of Farmers in Ethiopia (Food and Agriculture Organization, 2024) Farmers Other Occupants
- 4. 37.64% 25.8% 36.56% The Contribution of the Three Sectors to the Ethiopian GDP (World Bank Open Data, 2022) Agriculture Industry Service
- 5. The Problem • Land degradation is a problem in Ethiopia but can potentially be prevented by combining traditional indigenous methods to combat soil erosion with modern technological breakthroughs. • What are the traditional and the modern techniques? • How are they implemented? • What is the need to integrate them?
- 6. The Traditional Methods • Ethiopia is home to a wide range of conventional soil conservation techniques that have been shown to be quite successful in preserving soil fertility and reducing erosion. • The Konso people are recognized by UNESCO for “Irken Sra,” terracing lands to reduce erosion by running water and heavy rainfall (Megerssa & Bekere, 2019).
- 7. Modern Technological Innovations • The government can use RS and GIS to identify areas at high risk of land degradation and implement targeted interventions. • GIS and RS science are crucial for promoting adaptive management in semi-arid environments by monitoring site- specific indicators (Gabriele et al., 2022). • RS provides precise, up-to-date data for monitoring land degradation processes, while GIS combines multiple data layers for spatial analysis and decision-making (Annappa et al., 2023).
- 8. Take Away • Land degradation in Ethiopia can be prevented by combining traditional soil conservation techniques such as terracing with modern technologies like RS and GIS. • If all levels of the government commit to combining traditional indigenous methods of soil conservation with recent technological developments, land degradation can be prevented.
- 9. References Annappa, N.N., Bhavya, N., Govinda, K., Kumar, U., & Krishna, M. R., (2023). Eco- Rehabilitation through Satellite Eyes: Mapping Degraded Land with Remote Sensing and GIS. ResearchGate, 8(6), 73-93.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/376228425 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2024). Ethiopia at a glance. FAO in Ethiopia. https://www.fao.org/ethiopia/fao-in-ethiopia/ethiopia-at-a-glance/en/ Gabriele, M., Brumana, R., Previtali, M., & Cazzani, A. (2022). A combined GIS and remote sensing approach for monitoring climate change-related land degradation to support landscape preservation and planning tools: the Basilicata case study. Applied Geomatics, 15(3), 497–532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12518-022-00437-z Megerssa, G. R., & Bekere, Y. B. (2019). Causes, consequences and coping strategies of land degradation: evidence from Ethiopia. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 7(1), 1953–1957. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2019.071.1953 World Bank Open Data. (2022). World Bank Open Data. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS?locations=ET
- 10. Thank You!
Editor's Notes
- Ethiopia is endowed with an abundance of natural resources, but its rich soil is its most valuable asset. Most of its population depends on this priceless resource for their existence, and agriculture is the primary industry in the nation.
- Well, this graph shows a statistic about the Ethiopian population which is taken from the case study by the Food and Agriculture Organization in 2024. It shows that 85% of Ethiopians are farmers.
- And this chart is about the contribution of the three sectors, namely: Agriculture, Industry, and Service for the country’s economy based on the case study made by the World Bank in 2022. It shows that around 38% of Ethiopia's GDP is derived from agriculture. However, the very foundation of this sector is deteriorating.
- Land degradation is a problem in Ethiopia but can potentially be prevented by combining traditional indigenous methods to combat soil erosion with modern technological breakthroughs. In this presentation, I will explain the traditional and the modern techniques, how they are implemented, and the importance of integrating them to solve the problem.
- When we look at the traditional techniques, numerous traditional soil conservation methods are practiced across Ethiopia, and they have been demonstrated to be highly effective in maintaining soil fertility and lowering erosion. For example, in their research conducted in 2019, Megerssa & Bekere stated that the Konso people are a group in Ethiopian culture, who are recognized by UNESCO for their soil conservation technique locally known as “Irken Sra,” which is terracing land to prevent soil erosion caused by excessive rains and flowing water. Let us proceed to the modern ones.
- The government can identify high-risk locations for land degradation and carry out focused interventions by using remote sensing technologies like satellites and GIS. According to the research made by Gabriele and colleagues in 2022, GIS and RS science are essential for fostering adaptive management in semi-arid areas by monitoring site-specific indicators. Furthermore, Annappa and others, in their work in 2023, argued that while precise, current data from Earth's surface provided by remote sensing technology facilitates the monitoring of various land degradation processes, GIS integrates multiple data layers to support spatial analysis and decision-making.
- To sum up, land degradation in Ethiopia can be prevented by fusing age-old soil conservation methods like terracing with advanced technologies such as remote sensing and GIS. If the government administration at all levels agrees to improve land management techniques by integrating modern technology advancements with traditional indigenous ways of soil protection, the potential future land degradation can be avoided.