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Alan Dix
https://alandix.com/
@alanjohndix
Human-Centred AI
impact of AI
what AI does
how AI shapes society
c.f. cars
what cars do
design – automotive and highways
+ve transport, independence
–ve accidents, speeding, drunk drivers
how cars shape society
– suburban sprawl
– car poverty
– global warming
impact of AI
what AI does
how AI shapes society
designing human-AI interactions
touchstone phrases
alien intelligence
not as we know it
appropriate intelligence
fitting within interaction framework
optimise the human–AI system, not just the AI
sufficient reason
explanations we would accept from a human being
critical for AI explainability
styles of collaboration
Servant – we tell AI what to do (explicitly)
Master – AI tells us what to do, e.g. Uber
Symbiosis – using complementary abilities
“Man-Computer Symbiosis”
J. C. R. Licklider, March 1960
N.B. boundaries may be blurred
– e.g. map interfaces, recommendations
synergistic AI
design principles for both AI and UI change
… epistemic interaction
ACCESS
DOING
IT RIGHT
POLICY
AI and Social Justice
Clara Crivellaro
ACCESS
DOING
IT RIGHT
POLICY
ACCESS
DOING
IT RIGHT
POLICY
ACCESS
DOING
IT RIGHT
POLICY
DOING
IT RIGHT
ACCESS
DOING
IT RIGHT
POLICY
impact of AI
what AI does
how AI shapes society
economy, education, environment
politics, power
democracy, digital poverty
AI … why now?
1990 2000 2010 2020
1980
1970
1950 1960
AI winters
AI … why now?
1990 2000 2010 2020
Early
NN
web
search
recommender
systems
MapReduce
deep NN
AlphaGo
LLM
ChatGPT
Big Data
AI and Computation
deep NN were always known about
… what changed?
web (search, ecommerce)
=> big data
=> big data centres
big data + big computation => DNN
the new AI
new AI
BIG data + BIG computation
=
BIG business
Open Data
“I don’t know if any public sector
has necessarily cracked the nut on attracting the
right skills and capabilities,” …
“The commercial sector has,
because they’ve got the dollars to spend.”
Ian Bartram, Gartner
signs of hope
Meta’s open LLaMa
the model’s carbon
footprint has been reduced
to a seventh of GPT-3
the pretrained model will obviate
the need to train the model
… deploy the full model “using
only 16 NVIDIA V100 GPUs.”
~ $400,000
LORA – open and (relatively) cheap
reduce cost and carbon
low dimension
representation
of inner layers
generative AI enables niches
education
– personalised tutors => choice of materials
– changes what we need to learn
… not necessarily digital!
minority languages
health
– personalised medicine
– well-being and mental health
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/11/sweden-says-back-to-basics-schooling-works-on-paper
Human-Centred AI
putting people first
Alan Dix
https://alandix.com/

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Human-Centred Artificial Intelligence – Malta 2024