🧠 Exploring the Cerebellum: Structure, Function, and Clinical Insights 🧠 Join Dr. Muhammad Ali Rabbani, an esteemed Assistant Professor of Anatomy, as he unravels the mysteries of the cerebellum in this captivating neuroanatomy lecture. Delve into the intricate structure, functional divisions, and clinical significance of this brain region to gain a comprehensive understanding of its role in motor coordination and more. 🎓 Meet the Expert 🎓 Dr. Muhammad Ali Rabbani, a distinguished academic with an MBBS from NMC Multan, FCPS in Anatomy, and a spectrum of specialized credentials, brings his expertise to the realm of medical education. As an Assistant Professor of Anatomy at CMH Multan Institute of Medical Sciences, he's dedicated to enriching your comprehension of neuroanatomy. 🔬 Learning Goals 🔬 By the end of this session, you will be able to: Briefly describe the cerebellar structure. Correlate anatomical divisions with functional roles. Understand the microstructure's link to cerebellar function. Comprehend input pathways to the cerebellum. Explain the cerebellum's impact on motor activities (efferent pathways). Relate functional anatomy to clinical presentations in cerebellar disorders. 🧠 Deciphering Cerebellar Structure 🧠 Examine the distinctive anatomical features that characterize the cerebellum. Gain insights into the significance of primary fissures and the uvulonodular fissure. 🌟 Mapping Anatomical and Functional Divisions 🌟 Discover the correlation between anatomical divisions (anterior, middle, flocculonodular lobes) and functional roles. Explore the roles of lateral hemispheres, vermis, paravermal areas, and more. 💡 Unveiling Microstructure and Circuits 💡 Link gray matter, white matter, and intracerebral nuclei to the cerebellar function. Understand the role of layers and circuits in the cerebellar cortex. 🔗 Pathways and Connections 🔗 Gain insights into afferent pathways originating from the vestibular nucleus, spinal cord, and cerebral cortex. Explore efferent pathways connecting the cerebellum to vestibular and red nuclei, as well as the thalamus. 🚀 Enhancing Motor Activities 🚀 Understand the cerebellum's crucial role in muscle tone, voluntary movement coordination, and posture maintenance. Explore the clinical signs that manifest in cerebellar disorders, such as ataxia and dysdiadochokinesia. 📚 Elevate Your Neuroanatomy Proficiency 📚 Whether you're a medical enthusiast, educator, or student, this lecture offers a comprehensive exploration of the cerebellum's functions. Don't miss out on the chance to enhance your neuroanatomy expertise and gain valuable insights into this essential brain region. 🙌 Join Us in Unveiling the Cerebellum's Wonders 🙌 For inquiries, reach out to us at info@medicoseacademics.com or call: 0310-7990649. 🧠 Thank you for joining us on this enlightening journey through the intricate world of the cerebellum. 🧠

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Cerebellum
Dr. Muhammad Ali Rabbani
Asst. Professor Anatomy
MBBS (NMC, Multan)
FCPS (Anatomy)
CHPE (Certificate in Health Professional Education)
DHPE (Diploma in Health Professional Education)
MBA (Masters of Business Administration)
MPH (Masters of Public Health)

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Learning Objectives
By the end of this session students should be able to
• Briefly describe the structure of cerebellum
• Correlate the anatomical divisions of cerebellum with functional
division
• Correlate microstructure of cerebellum to function
• Describe the input to cerebellum
• Describe how cerebellum affect motor activities (efferent pathways)
• Correlate functional anatomy to clinical presentations in cerebellar
diseases
Dr Muhammad Ali Rabbani - Asst. Prof. Anatomy

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Structure of Cerebellum
Dr Muhammad Ali Rabbani - Asst. Prof. Anatomy

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Dr Muhammad Ali Rabbani - Asst. Prof. Anatomy

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Dr Muhammad Ali Rabbani - Asst. Prof. Anatomy

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Dr Muhammad Ali Rabbani - Asst. Prof. Anatomy

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Discuss
Primary fissure
Uvulonodular fissure
Dr Muhammad Ali Rabbani - Asst. Prof. Anatomy

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Dr Muhammad Ali Rabbani - Asst. Prof. Anatomy

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Anatomical vs Functional Division
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Anatomical Division
• Anterior Lobe
• Middle / Posterior Lobe
• Flocculonodular Lobe
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Functional Divisions
• Lateral Hemispheres
• Cerebrocerebellum
• Motor Planning
• Vermix + Paravermal Area
• Spinocerebellum
• Motor execution
• Vermix - axial musculature
• Paravermal- distal musculature
• Flocculonodular Lobe
• Vestibulocerebellum
• Balance
Dr Muhammad Ali Rabbani - Asst. Prof. Anatomy

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Cerebellar Homunculus
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1. Intended final position
of a part of body (goal)
2. Current position of that
part
3. Plan of action after
comparing the two
4. Order to move particular muscles in
particular sequence to achieve the goal
5. Constant monitoring of plan by cerebrum
and comparing with current position
Basic Concept of Cerebral Connections
Dr Muhammad Ali Rabbani - Asst. Prof. Anatomy

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Correlate microstructure of cerebellum to
function
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• Gray Mater – Cortex
• White Mater
• Intracerebral Nuclei
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Cytoarchitecture – Layers & Circuit
P C P C
P C
DN
Gr Go
-
-
-
- -
-
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
DN
DN
Molecular
Layer
Purkinje
Layer
Granular
Layer
Cerebral
Cortex
Parallel Fibers
White
Mater
with
Intracerebral
Nuclei
+ +
Climbing
Fibers
Mossy
Fibers
Dr Muhammad Ali Rabbani - Asst. Prof. Anatomy
+

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Cytoarchitecture – Layers & Circuit
basket and stellate cells
parallel fibers (axons of granule cells)
Dendritic tree of Purkinje cells
Most important layer
Contain Purkinje cells (only outflow axons from cortex)
Send axons to deep cerebellar nuclei
Granule cells, Golgi cells
Granule cell only excitatory
All others inhibitory
from contralateral
side of the medulla
monosynaptic excitatory
input to Purkinje cells
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Cytoarchitecture – Cells
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Intracerebral Nuclei
• Dentate
• Cerebrocerebellum
• Interposed
• Spinocerebellum
• Fastigial
• Vestibulocerebellum
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● Describe the input to cerebellum
● Describe how cerebellum affect motor
activities (efferent pathways)
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Afferent Fibers
• Vestibular Nucleus → (Vestibulo)Cerebellum
• Spinal Cord → (Spino) Cerebellum
• Cerebral Cortex → (Cerebro) Cerebellum
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Afferent Fibers
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Afferent Fibers
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Afferent Fibers
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Afferent Fibers
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Efferent Fibers
• Vestibulocerebellum (Fastigial Nucleus) → Vestibular Nucleus
• Spinocerebellum (Interposed Nuclei) → Red Nucleus, Reticular F.
• Cerebrocerebellum (Dentate Nucleus) → Thalamus → Cerebrum
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Efferent Fibers
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Efferent Fibers
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Efferent Ultimately Goes
to the Same Side
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• Mostly through flocculonodular
lobe and vermix
• In case of lesion person falls
towards the side of lesion
How Balance is Maintained?
Why does this person falls on one side?
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Functions
• Muscle Tone
• Coordination of Voluntary Movement
• Posture and Equillibrium
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Clinical Signs
• Hypotonia
• Postural Changes & Alteration of Gait
• Ataxia
• Intentional Tremors, past-pointing, shin-heel test, finger-nose test
• Dysdiadochokinesia
• Disturbance of Reflexes
• Nystagmus
• Dysarthria
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Clinical Signs
• Vermis Syndrome
• Midline structure
• Axial Structure will be affected
• Cerebral Hemisphere Syndrome
• Unilateral
• On the side of lesion
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Thank You
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