Technologies (AILDI 2012)

Rolando Coto, AILDI June 2012. University of Arizona

What comes to your mind when you
hear the word technology?

Technology (Dictionary definitions):
The practical application of knowledge especially in a
particular area. (Merriam Webster)

(The study and knowledge of) the practical, especially
industrial, use of scientific discoveries. (Cambridge
Dictionaries)

Making, modification, usage, and knowledge
of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems,
methods of organization, in order to solve a problem,
improve a preexisting solution to a problem, achieve a
goal or perform a specific function. (Wikipedia)

Technology (International bodies):
[Technology] is "the application of knowledge", and
more narrowly dealing with tools and techniques for
carrying out the plans to achieve desired objectives.
(OCDE Camberra Manual)

"...the know-how and creative processes that may assist
people to utilize tools, resources and systems to solve
problems and to enhance control over the natural and
made environment in an endeavor to improve the
human condition." (Unesco 1985, Technology Education
Federation of Australia, 1999)

Technology (Philosophical definitions):
The application of scientific activity to the improvement
of our natural and artificial environment, to invention,
and to the manufacture of material and cultural goods.
(Bunge, 2005)

Humanity at Work. (Pitt, 2000)

Technology

All human cultures have used technology.

Not only humans have
technology!
Source: PLoS Biology Vol. 3/11/2005, e385 >>

Not only humans have
technology!
Source: Science Vol118(765) >>

There are many different kinds of technologies.

The use of technologies carries
several ethical considerations…
Source: Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University >>

Is technology morally neutral?

Video: Moloch (Metropolis)

Is technology morally neutral?

Are the creators of a technology
responsible for its use?

Are there inherent risks in
technology?

What do the moral codes in your
communities say about these matters?

Yes, writing is a kind of technology: It is the
use of a tool (a group of symbols) to solve a
problem (repeating words and sentences even
if the person who uttered them originally isn’t
there with you).

Technologies can vary in the way they
solve a problem.

Types of writing systems >>
- Alphabetical (complete

- Alphabetical (complete, abugida,

Vocalic symbols are dependent on the consonantic symbols.

- Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad,

These writing systems generally leave the vowels out.

- Alphabetical (complete, abugida, abjad, featural)

The shape of the symbols is inspired in the shape of the mouth as you pronounce
the sounds.

- Syllabaries

- Syllabaries

Inuktitut (Northern Canada)

- Syllabaries

Cherokee (United States)

- Syllabaries
- Logograms

[Pause to discuss the pros
and cons of writing systems]

How about computers? What opportunities
and challenges do they come with?

http://www.flickr.com/photos/yashrg/2854410669/in/set-72157607274344384/
Mano con iPhone (Yash Gupta, CC 2.0 BY-NC)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Design_for_a_Flying_Machine.jpg
Máquina voladora (dominio público)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:National_park_stone_tools.jpg
Herramientas de piedra en parques nacionales estadounidenses (dominio público)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Inca_Quipu.jpg
Quipu (Claus Ableiter, CC 3.0 BY-SA)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gorilla_tool_use.png
Gorila usando tecnología (PLoS Biology, CC 3.0 BY)

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/318/5851/765.abstract
Cuervos usando herramientas (Science, todos los derechos reservados. Se considera uso justo pq...)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Degen_de1103.jpg
radio degen (Mohylek, CC 2.5 BY-SA)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Maler_der_Grabkammer_des_Sennudem_001.jpg
arado egipcio (dominio público)

http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Caracol_in_chich%C3%A9n_itz%C3%A1.jpg
observatorio el caracol (André Möller, CC 3.0 BY-SA)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tamagotchi_0124_ubt.jpeg
tamagotchi (tomasz sienicki, CC 3.0 BY-SA)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:%C4%90%E1%BA%B7t_%C4%91%C3%B3.jpg
Vietnamese traditional fish trap (Petr & Bara Ruzicka, CC 2.0 BY)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/55397833@N00/336103109/
Piedras blancas y negras (imago, CC 2.0 BY-NC-SA)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/gogri/3779793041/
El bien y el mal (Nimish Gogri, CC 2.0 BY)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/kenmccown/4698999522/
Pesticidas (Ken McCown, CC 2.0 BY-NC-ND)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/dzingeek/4587871752/
mad scientist (jennifer rouse, CC 2.0 by-nc-dd)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/soilscience/5103180569/
soil scientists at work (soil Science, cc 2.0 by)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/toucanradio/1203009991/
Cattenom nuclear plant (Toucanradio, CC 2.0 BY-NC-ND)

Maya gylphs (Thomas Aleto, todos los derechos reservados)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sequoyah.jpg
Sequoya (dominio público)

http://www.flickr.com/photos/37651136@N05/5637077256/
Teclado (ericnvntr, CC 2.0 BY)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fourbats.jpg
Bate de beisbol

http://www.omniglot.com/writing/inuktitut.htm
Silabario Inuktitut

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stipula_fountain_pen.jpg
Pluma fuente

Technologies (AILDI 2012)

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