enzymes

[object Object],[object Object],How the confectioners make the runny yolk-like inside to chocolate eggs? The answer is : use of an enzyme ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Fig: The lock and key hypothesis

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Fig: Diagrams to show the induced fit hypothesis of enzyme action.

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],In any reaction catalyzed by an enzyme, the number of enzyme molecules present is very much smaller than the number of substrate molecules . When an abundant supply of substrate is available, the rate of reaction is limited by the number of enzyme molecules present. In this situation, increasing the enzyme concentration increases the rate of reaction .

[object Object],Some enzymes cannot work on their own, they need a molecule called a cofactor in order to work properly. Cofactors modify the enzyme complex so that it has the chemical properties necessary to catalyze a reaction. There are three kinds of cofactors: a) Prosthetic group: Organic molecule that is permanently attached to an enzyme. b) Coenzymes: Relatively small organic molecules are not permanently attached to the enzyme molecule. c) Metal cofactors: Inorganic metal ions that are also known as enzyme activators.

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fig: Competitive inhibitors bind reversibly to the enzyme, preventing the binding of substrate. On the other hand, binding of substrate prevents binding of the inhibitor. Substrate and inhibitor compete for the enzyme.

[object Object],[object Object],Fig: Non-competitive inhibition Irreversible inhibitors Irreversible inhibitors bind permanently to the enzyme, rendering it useless. For example, cyanide is an irreversible inhibitor.

enzymes

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (20)

Similar to enzymes

Similar to enzymes (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

enzymes