elements and periodic table

1. Elements and the
Periodic Table

2. The Periodic Table
• The periodic table organizes the
elements helps chemists to
understand why elements react as
they do.
• A great deal of information about an
element can be gathered from its
position in the period table.

3. Groups 
Periods
• The chemical elements are arranged in order of
increasing atomic number.
• The rows are called periods and the columns are
called groups.
• Elements with similar chemical properties are in
the same group of elements.

4. • The elements in group 1 are known as alkali
metals.
• They react rapidly (very fast) with water,
producing an alkaline solution and hydrogen gas.
• The metals become more reactive as you go
down the group.

5. • The elements in group 7 are known as halogens.
• Fluorine and chlorine are gases.
• Bromine is one of only two liquid elements.
• Iodine is solid.

6. • The elements in group 0 are known as noble
gases.
• They are very unreactive and exist as individual
atoms (monatomic).

7. • The transition metals are elements which are
found between groups 2 and 3.
• Well known examples are iron, copper and gold.
• They are generally quite dense (heavy) and
many form brightly coloured compounds.

8. Element Symbols
• Each element gets its own symbol – either one
or two letters long. We use symbols to make it
easy
• Most element symbols are one or two of the first
letters of the element.

9. Element Symbols
• Some element symbols come from an element’s
Latin name.
EElleemmeenntt
((EEnngglliisshh NNaammee))
EElleemmeenntt
((LLaattiinn NNaammee))
Sodium Natrium
Potassium Kalium
Antimony Stibium
Tungsten Wolfram
Gold Aurum
Silver Argentum
Mercury Hydrargyrum
Copper Cuprum
Iron Ferrum
Tin Stannum

10. Element Symbols
• Some element symbols come from an element’s
Latin name.
EElleemmeenntt
((EEnngglliisshh NNaammee))
EElleemmeenntt
((LLaattiinn NNaammee))
Sodium Natrium
Potassium Kalium
Antimony Stibium
Tungsten Wolfram
Gold Aurum
Silver Argentum
Mercury Hydrargyrum
Copper Cuprum
Iron Ferrum
Tin Stannum