HB 2018-Detection foliar nutrient status from the sky

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melnhe

Marissa Gabriel

Science

Significance
Match individual
trees to their
spectral properties
Correlate foliar
nutrition remotely

Remote Sensing
Extent of
NEON Flight
Campaign
C2
C4
C9
C6
C7 C8
C3
C1
C5

Hyperspectral
Intensity of reflectance is affected
by chemical composition of
materials
Visible to Shortwave Infrared Imaging
Spectrometer
Captures reflectance of wavelengths

Vegetation Index
Calculated from the reflectance values
of multiple wavelengths for each
spatial unit
Could be correlated with foliar
chemistry associated with nutrient
addition

530 nm 570 nm
Photochemical Reflective Index (PRI)
Photosynthetic light
use efficiency

● Obstructed view of
canopy
● Tree stem location not
indicative of crown
position
● Multiple stems
clumped
● Fallen or dead
● Inaccurate stake
positions
Challenges

Stem Map Aerial Image
Species
Ash
Basswood
Beech
Hemlock
Red maple
Sugar maple
Yellow birch

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PESTS OF SUGARCANE - BORERS BORERS 1. Early shoot borer, Chilo infuscatellus, Crambidae, Lepidoptera Symptom of damage: Deadheart in 1-3 month old crop, which can be easily pulled out, rotten portion of the straw coloured dead-heart emits an offensive odour. A number of bore holes at the base of the shoot just above the ground level. Nature of damage: Caterpillar bores into the central shoot and feeds on the internal tissue. This cause interference in the translocation of plant sap and damage the sugar storing tissues. Egg: Flat-scale like eggs are laid in 3-5 rows on the lower surface of leaves in masses of 4-100. The masses are slightly overlapping like tiles. Larva: Larva is dirty white with five dark violet longitudinal stripes and dark brown head. Pupa: Pupation takes place within the tunnel. Caterpillar before pupating makes a large exit hole in the stem and blocks the opening with silken discs. Adult: Pale greyish brown moth with black dots near the costal margin of the forewings and with white hindwings. 2. Internode borer, Chilo sacchariphagus indicus, Crambidae, Lepidoptera Symptom of damage: Internodes constricted and shortened, with a number of boreholes and fresh excreta in the nodal region. Affected tissues reddened. Nature of damage: Caterpillars attack sugarcane plants after 3 months of planting. They bore into the canes near the nodes; entry holes are plugged with excreta. Entry is generally confined to the first five internodes. Egg: Scale-like white eggs are laid by female moths in batches of 9-11, near the midribs, on leaf sheaths or on stem. Larva: White larva with four violet longitudinal stripes and light brown head. Pupa: Pupation takes place in semi-dried leaf sheath. Adult: Pale brown with white hind wings. 3. Top borer, Scirpophaga excerptalis, Pyralidae, Lepidoptera Symptom of damage: Deadheart in grownup canes, which cannot be easily pulled; deadheart reddish brown in colour; parallel row of shot holes in the emerging leaves and red tunnels in the midribs of leaves; bunchy tip due to the growth of side shoots. Nature of damage: Caterpillars are mainly found in the apical portion of the canes, boring through the growing point and down the upper joints until it reaches the sappy portion of the stem, there it feeds on the tissues and destroys the cane. They also bore into the unfolded leaves preferably into the midrib, mining its way to the base. Egg: Eggs are laid on the lower surface of top leaves in clusters particularly near midribs. The clusters are covered with buff coloured hairs. Larva :Smooth, white or cream coloured with a red coloured mid-dorsal line and yellow head. Pupa: Pupation takes place within the larval tunnel in a chamber with an exit hole constructed by the caterpillar. Adult: White coloured moth (with a buff coloured anal tuft in the abdominal tip of female).

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HB 2018-Detection foliar nutrient status from the sky

1. Detecting foliar nutrient status from the sky: Ground truthing NEON spectra in MELNHE plots Marissa Gabriel Alexander Young, Ruth Yanai

2. Significance Match individual trees to their spectral properties Correlate foliar nutrition remotely

3. Remote Sensing Extent of NEON Flight Campaign C2 C4 C9 C6 C7 C8 C3 C1 C5

4. Hyperspectral Intensity of reflectance is affected by chemical composition of materials Visible to Shortwave Infrared Imaging Spectrometer Captures reflectance of wavelengths

9. Vegetation Index Calculated from the reflectance values of multiple wavelengths for each spatial unit Could be correlated with foliar chemistry associated with nutrient addition

10. 530 nm 570 nm Photochemical Reflective Index (PRI) Photosynthetic light use efficiency

11. Objective Can differences induced be detected remotely? Identify specific tree crowns Match with spectral profile

12. ● Obstructed view of canopy ● Tree stem location not indicative of crown position ● Multiple stems clumped ● Fallen or dead ● Inaccurate stake positions Challenges

13. Stem Map Aerial Image Species Ash Basswood Beech Hemlock Red maple Sugar maple Yellow birch

14. Stem Map Plotted Crowns

15. Aerial Image PRI

16. PRI vs Treatment

17. Map rest of stands Use full spectral profile Future Work

Editor's Notes

Fix extent map
Show areal view of each
0.01

HB 2018-Detection foliar nutrient status from the sky

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HB 2018-Detection foliar nutrient status from the sky

Editor's Notes