2. Line The path of a point moving through space is a line. Lines may be explicit (right, Matisse) or implied (left, Hopper)
3. Shape & Form Shape implies form and is perceived as 2-dimensional (below, Twombly), while form implies depth, length, and width and is perceived as 3-dimensional (right, Michelangelo)
4. Color All of the colors are derived from the three primary colors (red, blue, and yellow) and black and white. Color has three properties: hue, value, and intensity (right, Ojibwe beadwork)
5. Value Value refers to the relative level or darkness or lightness of a color in terms of contrast (left, Raphael)
6. Texture The tactile (touchable) qualities of an object, actual or implied (right, Bernini and left, Rauschenberg)
7. Space & Perspective Space is the area in which art is organized. Perspective is representative of volume of space or a 3-D object on a flat surface (above, Escher, right, Da Vinci)
9. Pattern Pattern is the repetition or reoccurrence of a design element, exact or varied, that establishes a visual beat (left, Warhol and above, Klimt)
10. Rhythm & Movement Rhythm or movement is the suggestion of motion through the use of various elements (above, Pollock, and right, an unknown artist, India)
11. Proportion & Scale Proportion is the size relationship of parts to a whole and to one another. Scale is to relate size to a constant, such as a human body (left, Serra, below, a woman adds tiny details to a Pueblo plate).
12. Balance Balance is the impression of equilibrium in a pictorial or sculptural composition. Balance is often referred to as symmetrical, asymmetrical, or radial (above, a photo of a flower, and to the right, Copley)
13. Unity Unity is achieved when the components of a work of art are perceived as harmonious, giving the work a sense of completion (left, Hokusai, below, Manet)
14. Emphasis Emphasis is the created center of interest, the place in an artwork where your eye first lands (left, Toulouse-Lautrec, above, O’Keeffe)
