2. Widespread Epidemics Epidemics The Spanish brought small pox, measles, and influenza Conquistadors purposely gave infected blankets as gifts as a way to kill off the Native Americans—biological warfare Native American died in mass number due to little immunity Population of Indians in Hispaniola *1492—250,000 *1512—60,000 remained *1562—500 left
3. THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE Global exchange of people, plants, animals ideas and technologybetween Europe and the Americas From Americas to Europe—corn, potato, beans, pineapple, cocoa, tobacco, peanuts, and tomatoes From Europe to the Americas—wheat, sugar, bananas, horses, pigs,cattle, chicken, sheep, small pox, typhus, and measles.
5. IMPACT OF NEW PRODUCTS The goods brought to the America s and to Europe changed the course of history. The potato revolutionized Europe by providing a reliable, starchy food. It increased the population of Europe.
6. THE TRIANGLE TRADE Europe shipped cotton goods, weapons, and liquor to Africa African slaves were shipped to Americas Plantation products of tobacco, cotton, and sugar shipped to Europe
7. THE SLAVE TRADE Middle Passage slave voyage from Africa to the Americas millions died on the journey Effects of the Slave Trade ended in the 1800s 11 million Africans were sent to the Americas undermined the political structure in Africa
8. AFRICAN SLAVE SHIP Humans were packed like sardines trying to fit as many people in as possible. Slaves were kept in the bottom of the ship, chained to one another over the long journey.
9. The Brutality of Slavery "The voyage, the horrors of which are beyond description. For example, the mode of packing. The hold of a slave vessel is from two to four feet high. It is filled with as many human beings as it will contain. They are made to sit down with their heads between their knees: first, a line is placed close to the side of the vessel; then another line, and then the packer, armed with a heavy club, strikes at the feet of this last line in order to make them press as closely as possible against those behind... Thus it is suffocating for want of air, starving for want of food, parched with thirst for want of water, these poor creatures are compelled to perform a voyage of fourteen hundred miles. No wonder the mortality is dreadful!"
10. EXPLORATIONA TURNING POINT IN HISTORY Mercantilism and Capitalism European capitalism—investment of money to make a profit wasbecoming more popular Mercantilism—building up national wealth by exporting more goods than the nation exports. a. based on the idea that the world had a fixed amount of wealth, in order for a nation to gain more, it had to take from another nation. b. colonies served two purposes to the mother nation: 1. a place to take raw materials from 2. forced colonies to but only their goods. England, France, Portugal and Spain gained massive amount of wealth. This strengthened their regions and led to the development of modern day nations. As Monarchies grew stronger in Europe, the power of the Church continued to decline.
