22. Expressed Emotion Emotions are expressed on the face, by the body, and by the intonation of voice. Is this non-verbal language of emotion universal?
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29. Hindu Dance In classical Hindu dance, the body is trained to effectively convey 10 different emotions. Network Photographers/ Alamy
35. Fear Fear can torment us, rob us of sleep, and preoccupy our thinking. However, fear can be adaptive – it makes us run away from danger, it brings us closer as groups, and it protects us from injury and harm.
36. Learning Fear Watson (1878-1958) We learn fear in two ways, either through conditioning and/or through observation . By Monika Suteski
37. The Biology of Fear Some fears are easier to learn than others. The amygdala in the brain associates emotions like fear with certain situations. Courtesy of National Geographic Magazine and Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI) at UCLA. Art and brain modeling by Amanda Hammond, Jacopo Annese, and Authur Toga, LONI; spider art by Joon-Hyuck Kim
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42. Anger Anger “carries the mind away,” (Virgil, 70-19 B.C.), but “makes any coward brave,” (Cato 234-149 B.C.).
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51. Happiness People who are happy perceive the world as being safer. They are able to make decisions easily, are more cooperative, rate job applicants more favorably, and live healthier, energized, and more satisfied lives.
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57. Emotional Ups and Downs Our positive moods rise to a maximum within 6-7 hours after waking up. Negative moods stay more or less the same throughout the day.
58. Emotional Ups and Downs Over the long run, our emotional ups and downs tend to balance. Although grave diseases can bring individuals emotionally down, most people adapt. Courtesy of Anna Putt
59. Values & Life Satisfaction Students who value love more than money report higher life satisfaction.
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Editor's Notes
Where do emotions come from? Why do we have them? What are they made of?
OBJECTIVE 1 | Identify three components of emotions, and contrast James-Lange, Canon-Bard and two factor theories of emotion.
1) Cannon suggested that body’s responses were not distinct enough to evoke different emotions. 2) Physiological responses seemed too slow to trigger sudden emotions.
OBJECTIVE 2 | Describe the role of the autonomic nervous system during emotional arousal.
OBJECTIVE 3 | Discuss the relationship between arousal and performance.
OBJECTIVE 4 | Name three emotions that involve similar physiological arousal.
OBJECTIVE 6 | Explain how spillover effect influences our experience of emotion.
OBJECTIVE 7 | Distinguish the two alternate pathways that sensory stimuli may travel when triggering an emotional response.
OBJECTIVE 8 | Describe some of the factors that affect our ability to decipher non-verbal cues.
OBJECTIVE 9 | Describe some gender differences in perceiving and communicating emotions.
OBJECTIVE 10 | Discuss the research on reading and misreading facial and behavioral indicators of emotion.
OBJECTIVE 14 | State two ways we learn our fears.
OBJECTIVE 15 | Discuss some of the biological components of fear.
OBJECTIVE 16 | Identify some of the advantages and disadvantages of openly expressing anger, and assess the catharsis hypothesis.
OBJECTIVE 17 | Describe how the feel-good do-good phenomenon works, and discuss the importance of research on subjective well-being.
OBJECTIVE 18 | Discuss some of the daily and longer-term variations in the duration of emotions.
OBJECTIVE 20 | Contrast the effects on happiness of the adaptation-level and the relative-deprivation principles.
![Emotion ,[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)