2. Every product that we buy as a consumer or as a company is packaged
Package was initially intended to provide protection for the item during
handling in a warehouse or when the items is being transported but it is
also a marketing strategy to attract consumer into buying a product
For companies, the packaging on an item serve the purpose of preventing
damage as it is moved in a manufacturing facility, a warehouse or to
customer site.
Packaging
9. Packaging
Packaging of Special Items
Glass and brittle items
Chemical and poisonous items
Food (Perishable items) and food
grains
Medicines
Liquid items
Refrigerated items
10. Packaging
Packaging Types
There are two types of packaging used for finished goods:
Internal packaging, which the end consumer sees
External packaging, which is for industrial use
The internal packaging is developed usually to appeal to the
consumer and has all the information required by law
The external packaging must protect the internal packaging as well
as the finished item
It must also have the information that identifies the contents, in
next and often with bar codes for use in the warehouse. The
external packaging should have dimensions that allow quantities of
the item to be stored on a pallet most efficiently
13. Packaging
Environmental Issues
As consumers become more aware of environmental issues is a greater
need to provide packaging that is not only going to do the job to protect
the item in transit but also is made from recycled materials that can then
then be recycled again and are also bio degradable.
This is can benefit businesses as well as consumers. The consumers want
less packaging to be discarded and if companies can provide the same
level of protection with less packaging it will mean less cost to the
company.
Several countries have enacted legislation to reduce packaging waste
17. Packaging
Warehouse Function
Packaging is required to facilitate the storage of product safely and
securely.
Packaging should be stackable and meet the demands of the material
movement, handling and storage equipment
In addition, it should facilitate storage of packing materials itself
through being collapsible or foldable.
18. Packaging
Transportation Function
Packaging also has the responsibility of facilitating and enabling the
product to be transported safely and securely. As with warehousing, the
package’s from and size should permit the optimal use of the transport
space with the lowest possible packaging weight.
21. Packaging
Information Function
In addition, the information on the package could provide vital product
and delivery information
Date and place of manufacturing Licensing Information
Licensing Information Warranty information, etc.
Regulatory information like content, expiry date, nutritional value
(In case of food items)
Types of item ( Perishable, hazardous, explosive etc)
Usage information (how to use the product, dosage for medicines)
Storage information at consumer place
22. Packaging
Decorative Function
The most important function of packaging from a customer perspective is
decorative function
The goods are packaged attractively to lure the consumers into buying
them
In many cases, the packing is also useful to the consumer in some way
Many food items are packed in reusable containers
Some items like detergent used to be sold in plastic buckets which can be
for other purchases
Even corrugated boxes are used by consumers for storages at homes and
offices
Jewellery Boxes are permanently used to store the jewellery when not in
use.
23. Packaging
Packaging Material
The type of packing material used depends on the type of
goods that are packed.
In general the following types of packing material are used:
Corrugated Fiberboard
Steel/Aluminum/Metal
Plastic/Wood
Thermacol
26. Packaging
Steel
Metal containers made of galvanized mild steel are generally used in packaging
for protection during transportation
Liquid items are also packaged in steel / metal containers where permissible
Items like chemicals and Oil are packaged using steel containers
Items like chemicals and Oil are packaged using steel containers
Consumer items like soft drinks and perishable food items are also packed in
metal containers
The larger usage of steel as a packaging concept comes from the containers
used in multi modal transportation by sea, rail or Road. These function as
secondary/ tertiary packaging methods for bulk movement
27. Packaging
Plastic
Plastic is probably the most used packing material globally. From soft drinks to
medicine to food products, consumer items, personal hygiene products and
tools, plastic is widely used as a popular packaging material. It is light and firm,
can be colorful, re usable, recyclable and can last forever
The biggest drawback of plastic as a packaging material is that it is not
bridgeable and not environmental friendly.
28. Packaging
Wood
Wooden cartoons usually serve as secondary packing to protect the products in
their primary packaging. Packaged finished goods are bundled into large
wooden cartoons and loaded on to transportation vehicles for bulk delivery
Wood is strong, easily de-constructible and re-usable, but takes lot of storage
space and susceptible to humid or hot environmental conditions
31. Packaging
Summary
Packaging is a very important process in the supply chain
It provides protection to goods in:
Storage
Movement
Handling
It is also a very important marketing tool
