Iot ecosystem-challenges-daeyoungkim-auto-id-labs-kaist

사물인터넷 생태계 실현을 위한 기술과 전략
Daeyoung Kim
Nov. 17, 2014
Professor, Computer Science Department, KAIST
Director of Auto-ID Lab at KAIST
• kimd@kaist.ac.kr, http://oliot.org, http://autoidlab.kaist.ac.kr, http://resl.kaist.ac.kr http://autoidlabs.org http://gs1.org

© Auto-ID Lab Korea / KAIST
Slide 2
목차
• 사물 인터넷과 그 생태계의 정의
• 사물 인터넷의 비전과 시장 분석
• 발표자의 사물인터넷 분야 경험 (1998 ~ 현재); 편견? 도움?
• 사물 인터넷의 선구자격인 RFID/USN 국가 사업에서 배울 점
• 국내 및 국제 사물 인터넷 기술 관련 동향
• 도전 이슈와 기술, CASE STUDY: Auto-ID Labs, KAIST
• 그리고 정책 제안

Slide 3
사물인터넷 (Internet of Things)

Slide 4
What are things?, but not limited
Passive Things Active Things
Wireless Sensors/Actuators
Smart Devices
Consumer Electronics
Knowledge

Slide 5
What are things?, but not limited

Slide 6
사물인터넷 이전의 Internet 생태계

Slide 7
사물인터넷 생태계, Evolution or Revolution?

Slide 8
사물인터넷 생태계, Evolution or Revolution?
So many connections, So much Opportunities

Slide 9
The Internet of Things Market
Source: IDC Worldwide IoT Market Forecast, May 2014

Slide 10
Internet of Things Ecosystem

Slide 11
IoT Ecosystem Revenues of
Asian Pacific except Japan

Slide 12
발표자의 사물인터넷 분야 경험 (1998 ~ 현재)
1998 2002 2005 2006 2007 2008 2011 20142003 20092004 20131999

Slide 13
RFID/USN 2007 vs. IoT 2014

Slide 14
(RFID/)USN 이 글로벌화되지, 활성화 되지
못한 이유?
고부가 가치 센서의 부재
학술적 결과에 바탕을 둔
산업적 접근 정부주도형 공공사업 우선
국내 표준 집중
IT 산업계 주도형 편중
사일로 / 상호호환성 부재

Slide 15
(RFID/)USN 이 글로벌화되지, 활성화 되지
못한 이유? (사일로/상호호환성 부재의 파급)
[1] Track & Tracing & Recall
[2] Smart Agriculture
(Sensors & Actuators)
[3] Global Access
[4] Processed Foods
[5] Smart Services &
BigData

Slide 16
New Wireless Network for Home
• IPv6/6LoWPAN based
• Secure wireless mesh network for home and
its products
• Support for many application layers with low
bandwidth
• New security architecture
• 250+ per network
• Runs on 802.15.4 silicon
• Designed for very low operation
• Reliable for critical infrastructure
Overview Target Application
System Messaging Model
Thread Group
Cloud Connectivity
• Control when not at home
• Within the home, device go
direct to gateway
Border Router
• Forwards data to
cloud
• Provides Wifi
connectivity in the
home
Device Communication
• Device to device communication in
the home
7 companies founded the Thread Group
• Not another standard body
• A market education group offering
• product certification
• Promoting Thread’s use in connected products for the
home
• Offer rigorous product certification to ensure security
and interoperability
• The Thread Group now open to any company who
wishes to join
Designed for al sorts of products in the home
• Appliances
• Access control
• Climate control
• Energy management
• Lighting
• Safety
• Security
Classification
• Normally Powered
• Powered or battery
• Normally Battery
글로벌 기업의 도전
Google’s Thread Project

Slide 17
Apple’s HealthKit/HomeKit
HealthKit
• The new Health app puts data
in one place, accessible with a
tap, giving you a clear and
current overview of your health.
(Heart rate, calories burned,
blood sugar, cholesterol, etc)
• We can control devices
and accessories in our
home easily via
smartphone(in this case,
iphone), iPad, iWatch,
and so on.
• Smartphone is
connected with all of
accessories in home, and
then could control them
remotely.
HomeKit

Slide 18
ARM’s mbed

Slide 19
19
• AllJoyn connects, manages, and interoperates smart things together
Qualcomm’s ALLSEEN / AllJoyn

Slide 20
글로벌 표준의 도전
OneM2M (Machine to Machine)
- Use cases and requirements for a common set of Service
Layer capabilities;
- Service Layer aspects with high level and detailed service
architecture, in light of an access independent view of end-
to-end services;
- Protocols/APIs/standard objects based on this architecture
(open interfaces & protocols);
- Security and privacy aspects (authentication, encryption,
integrity verification);
- Reachability and discovery of applications;
Interoperability, including test and conformance
specifications;
- Collection of data for charging records (to be used for
billing and statistical purposes);
- Identification and naming of devices and applications;
Information models and data management (including store
and subscribe/notify functionality);
- Management aspects (including remote management of
entities); and
- Common use cases, terminal/module aspects, including
Service Layer interfaces/APIs between:
Application and Service Layers;
Service Layer and communication functions

Slide 21
GS1
In 1999, the Internet of Things" was first
coined by Kevin Ashton who cofounded
the Auto-ID Center at the MIT

Slide 22
Industrial Internet Consortium
Accelerating Innovation In Connected, Intelligent
Machines And Processes
Imagine a highway where cars are able to safely
navigate to their destinations without a driver. Imagine
a home where an elderly patient’s health is closely
monitored by her hospital physician. Imagine a city that
significantly reduces waste through sensor-embedded
water pipes, buildings, parking meters and more.

Slide 23
국가적 총력 도전
EU-FP7 & IERC (IoT European Research Cluster)
Ideas
Capacities
PeopleCooperation
Euratom
JRC
ETC.
Coordination and Support Action for Global
RFID-related Activities and Standardisation.
Universal Integration of the Internet of Things through an IPv6-based Service
Oriented Architecture enabling heterogeneous components interoperability.
Internet of Things at Work.
Internet of Things Architecture.
Internet of Things Initiative.
Internet Connected Objects for
Reconfigurable Ecosystems.
Internet of Things Environment for Service
Creation and Testing.

Slide 24
Identification of Things & Services
Outnumbered?
Global access!
Heterogeneity Ambiguity
• 다양한 현재의 ID 체계
• Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): http://myflowerpot.iot.kr/temperature
• Universally Unique Identifier (UUID): 550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000
• Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1000/182
• Global Trade Item Number (GTIN): urn:epc:id:sgtin:0614141.112345.400
• IDENFITICATION SYSTEM for the Internet of Things?
ID is registered to Identity provider
and is used with associated party
GTIN+ on the WEB

Slide 25
Smart Sensors
고부가가치/진보된 센서
기술 개발
Machine Learning / Artificial
Intelligence 기능 부가 센싱 기술 개발

Slide 26
Networking
멀티 프로토콜 게이트웨이 / Access
Point/ 가정용 유무선 공유기
BLE / IEEE 802.15.4 SoC
6lowPAN over BLE / IEEE 802.15.4

Slide 27
IoT Platform
IoT 독자 플랫폼
IoT As a Cloud Service
Passive Tags
(e.g., passive
tags, barcode)
Sensor & Actuator Networks
(e.g., ZigBee, 6LoWPAN, Mobile phone, BLE,
AllJoyn, lwM2M etc.)
Active Tags (e.g.,
Wireless ID and Sensor
Networks)
RFID Middleware
LLRP LLRP Sensor & actuator protocols Sensor & actuator protocols
Domain-specific capturing application
Domain-specific accessing applications
Sensor Interface
Sensor interface
EPC Information Service
(static and dynamic information)
ALE
Actuation Interface
Sensor & Actuator Middleware
Object
Name
Service
Discovery
Service
ZigBee
6LoWPAN/
CoAP
MQTT
Web
service-*
REST
Other
Comm.
RFID stream processing
Logical RFID
reader
Reader
Management
Sensor stream
processing
Sensor & actuator
Management
ID-Sensor stream
processing
IoT 표준 플랫폼
Big Data 분석

Slide 28
Standards
International (or De facto) Standard Domestic Standard Proprietary (Open)

Slide 29
Killer Applications Domains
스마트폰 기반 IoT 마켓/ Wearables,
Accessories
Food Safety Systems
유통물류
스마트홈 의료/헬스케어

Slide 30
IT to Industry Practice (Domain Knowledge)
Monitoring Block Whereabouts?
2006
IT 산업계 주도형 편중

Slide 31
Introduction to KAIST’s …
SeaHaven Project
GPGPU Cloud Project
BuddyThing IoT Browsing
As a Service
IoTMashup As A Service

Slide 32
GS1 Philosophy and Internet of Things
Humans and things

Slide 33
GS1 Member Organizations

Slide 34
GS1 - Essentials
ECG measurement device (GRAI)
Patient ID in hospital
(GSRN)
Surgical tools (GIAI)
The Component / Part Identifier (CPID)

Slide 35
GS1/EPCglobal Standards
Global Product Classification (GPC)
• Global Product Classification (GPC)
• http://www.gs1.org/1/productssolutions/gdsn/gpc/browser/index.html

Slide 36
Electronic Product Code (EPC)
• EPC
• universal identifier that provides a unique identity for any physical
object

Slide 37
GS1/EPCglobal Architectural Framework

Slide 38
GS1/EPCglobal Architectural Framework
Identification
& sensing
Data filtering
& grouping
Data store and
share
Item Discovery &
Information search
GS1ElementString
0180614141123458216789

Slide 39
Eg.) Extending EPCIS (EPC Information Service)
Internet of Things Global Data Repository
Everyday
Object
TDS – Unification of GS1 Codes
Attaching
EPC Tag
Attaching
Bar Code
RFID Reader
& Antenna
Barcode
Reader
ALE – Event Capturing
EPCIS – Visibility Event Data
Capturing Interface
Query Interface
Business Apps.

Slide 40
RFID Reader
& Antenna
Everyday
Object
EPCIS for IoT
RFID
Tag
IoT Devices Support
Environmental
Sensor
Medical Device Healthcare Device Smart Appliance
Gateway Server Mobile Device
Event
Processing
EPCIS Event Sensor Event, Medicare Event, …

Slide 41
• Extended Event for IoT in a case of Medical/Healthcare
• Complying EPCglobal Standard
• Supporting various sensor devices
EEG
Blood Pressure
ECG
BreathingGlucometerOxygen
Static/Medical Sensors
Accelerometer
Skin Response Temperature
Mobile/Healthcare Sensors
Wristband Headset
ScaleChestband
Oliot
Distributed Storage
Need!
Extended Event
with Extended Voc.
Why not?

Slide 42
• Extended Event for IoT in a case of Tunnel and Bridge
Construction and Management Why not?

Slide 43
Federated Object Naming Services
Korea
JapanChina
Taiwan
Australia
USA
Brazil
France
German
Sunchon
Univ.
GS1 Korea
Samsung
KAIST
Local ONS Name Servers
onsepc.kr
Globally Federated ONS Peer Roots
UAE, Saudi
Arabia

Slide 44
• Open Language for IoT (Oliot) is an
ID-based IoT framework.
• Based on GS1 standard ID (e.g.,
URI-convertible GTIN)
• Smart Thing Information
Service (STIS) since 2005, 2011
• Expand GS1 EPCglobal Network
to integrate various sensor
network protocols
• Successor of EPC Sensor
Network
• ZigBee, 6LoWPAN/CoAP/Obix
integration
• Complex Event Processing, etc.
Open Language for the Internet of Things
Passive Tags
(e.g., passive
tags, barcode)
Sensor & Actuator Networks
(e.g., ZigBee, 6LoWPAN, Mobile phone, BLE,
AllJoyn, lwM2M etc.)
Active Tags (e.g.,
Wireless ID and Sensor
Networks)
RFID Middleware
LLRP LLRP Sensor & actuator protocols Sensor & actuator protocols
Domain-specific capturing application
Domain-specific accessing applications
Sensor Interface
Sensor interface
EPC Information Service
(static and dynamic information)
ALE
Actuation Interface
Sensor & Actuator Middleware
Object
Name
Service
Discovery
Service
ZigBee
6LoWPAN/
CoAP
MQTT
Web
service-*
REST
Other
Comm.
RFID stream processing
Logical RFID
reader
Reader
Management
Sensor stream
processing
Sensor & actuator
Management
ID-Sensor stream
processing

Slide 45
Oliot Open Source & Community Project
(released on July 7, 2014, http://oliot.org)
• We are looking for collaborators:
• developing open sources together such as
GS1 source, GS1 digital, Alljoyn, oneM2M,
SAMI, Apple Healthkit/Homekit, MQTT,
Thread, etc.
• companies who do business with our oliot
project
• architecting IoT world including food SCM
and safety systems, healthcare/medicare,
retail systems, and etc.
http://oliot.org
• July 7 2014 – oliot 1.0 (latest
implementation of EPCglobal
framework, run on any cloud and
supporting mysql and cassandra)
• 4Q 2014 – oliot 1.1 (provide EPCIS
1.1, strengthened to support food
industry)
• 2015 – oliot 2.0 (support internet of
things, merging auto-id lab, KAIST’s
Epc sensor network, STIS and more)

Slide 46
Regulation EU No 1169/2011
Food Information Regulation

Slide 47
• Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)
was signed on January 4, 2011and aims
to ensure the U.S. food supply is safe by
shifting the focus from responding to
contamination to preventing it
• Foodborne illness is a significant
burden
• About 48 million (1 in 6 Americans) get
sick each year
• 128,000 are hospitalized
• 3,000 die
Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)
http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceRegulation/FSMA/ucm247546.htm

Slide 48
GS1 – UDI Code for Medical Devices

Slide 49
GS1 Digital (To: Naver, Daum KAKAO)
• The GS1 Digital is a new GS1 “Share”
technology for communicating the GS1
GTIN and other keys and attributes in
computer-readable formats across the
World Wide Web.
• The GS1 Digital includes standards and
guidelines for companies to publish
product data on web pages that allow
their consumers to
more effectively search for, compare,
buy, share information about,
and get the most out of the products and
services that meet their needs.
Source: Enabling the “digital” revolution in retail (McKinsey, 2013)
• GS1 US McKinsey study (2012~2013)
• Interviews w/ > 60 stakeholders: Top 3 use cases:
• GS1 want to solve those pain points
• #1: GTIN+ on the Web
• #2: GS1 Source
• #3 : GPC
Category hierarchy: Create standard hierarchy to structure on-line commerce sites
Trusted source of data: create database of trusted product attributes to facilitate
one-to-many communication and consumer analytics
Unique online product identifier: Use GTINs to improve accuracy in online/mobile
search and prevent digital out of stocks#1
#2
#3
• GS1 Digital official homepage
http://www.gs1.org/digital
• GS1 Digital @ University of Cambridge Auto-ID labs
http://www.autoidlabs.org.uk/GS1Digital/index.html

Slide 50
IoT Connectivity –
SNAIL(Sensor Networks for All IP World) Project Since 2007
Internet of Things
SNAIL Border Router (6LBR)
SNAIL Node (6LN)
SNAIL Node (6LN)
SNAIL Node (6LN)
SNAIL Node (6LN)
IEEE 802.15.4
Btle
IEEE 802.15.4
Btle
Entertainment & Social Net. ServiceDevice Browsing & Mashup
Big Data AnalysisUser Experience with IoT Service
• SNAIL (Sensor Networks for an All-IP worLd)
• an IP-based Wireless Sensor Networks platform
• Supported Protocols
• Interoperability between IPv4/v6 domains and the IEEE 802.15.4
• Lightweight IPv6, ICMPv6, MIPv6, NEMO, UDP, TCP, SSL
• Dual-Mode gateway for WiFi AP and IP-WSN edge router
• CoAP, HTML5, Web browsing (HTTP/TCP)
• Mesh routing in adaptation layer, Addressing
• DTLS/BLE ongoing

Slide 51
IoT Connectivity –
SNAIL(Sensor Networks for All IP World) Project
Since 2007

Slide 52
Web-based Visualization/WOT PAAS
• Smart devices and consumer electronics are equipped with
web/CoAP servers that can response
directly to requests from the Internet
• Presentation Cloud provides rich web contents to support those
embedded web servers
• Sensing data and Actuation commands/results are retrieved directly
from web browser and display
on top of rich web interface, either in numbers or in
graphs (HTML5)
Nam Giang, Minkeun Ha, and Daeyoung Kim, "Cross Domain Communication in the Web of Things, A New Context for the Old Problem," The 23rd International World Wide Web Conference (WWW) 2014, D
emo Session, Seoul, S. Korea, Apr. 2014.
No app. Download
Any medical devices and
Sensors either old or new

Slide 53

Slide 54

Slide 55
IoT Mashup As a Service; IoT App.
Problem Approach

Slide 56
IoT Mashup As a Service; IoT App.

Slide 57
Seahaven - Visual Sensor Networks Platform

Slide 58
Seahaven - Visual Sensor Networks Platform

Slide 59
System Architecture as of now
VPN
RTSP
FFMPEG
Segmenter
...
GlusterFS
...
Zone B
Unified
filesystem
...Flexible
Cinder Cinder
Vol
Webserver
database
Network
Visual processing
Frontend
RTSP MJPEG
Streamer
LDAP
Auth/DNS
Secure Netw
ork
Storage Serv
er
HLS/DASH
RTSP
/MJPEG
Sensor
data
event stream
Zero configuration
Storage Serv
er
Storage Serv
er
Storage Serv
er
Vol
GlusterFS

Slide 60
GPGPU Cloud for Seahaven
Biology
Chemistry
Earth
Mathematics
Space
Medicine
Physics
과학연구HPC자원요청
Infiniband
2. 가상화된 GPU 자원 지원 클라우드 플랫폼 개발
3. 중앙집중식GPU 자
원 할당 기술 연구
4. 분산식 GPU 자
원 할당 기술 연구
1. 과학연구 HPC 클라우드 플랫폼 관련 기술 동향 조사 및 분석
“5. 벤치마크 테스트”
▶ 기존 클라우드 플랫폼과의
비교 분석
“5. 벤치마크 테스트”
▶ 기존 가상화 기술 및 자원
할당 기술과의 비교 분석
LonestarGPU
Parboil
사이언스 고성능 컴퓨팅 가상화 환경 구축

Slide 61
GPU Computing Resource 기반의 빅데이터 클라
우드 플랫폼 기술 적용방안
Embedded
Sensor data
Data fusion
Pattern
recognition Machine
learning
Process
Feedback
Visual
Perception
Archive

Slide 62
We are trying to integrate all of them to build
an IoT eco system
SeaHaven Project
GPGPU Cloud Project
BuddyThing IoT Browsing
As a Service
IoTMashup As A Service

Slide 63
Open Source 정책과 크라우드 펀딩
1. 소비자들은 특정 제조사에 종속되지 않은 다양한 기기
를 원하며,
2. 제조사들도 자신들의 기기를 지원하는 생태계가 댜양
해지길 원함
3. 플랫폼 제조사들도 다양한 기기들을 특정한 노력 없이
연결 및 통합시키기를 원함
4. 응용 개발자들도 다양한 기기들을 가지고 응용을 만들
길 원함
5. 글로벌한 생태계의 Winner 들은 대부분 오픈소스 정책
을 채택하고 있음.
6. 제품의 완성도를 높이며, 롱런할 수 있음.
7. 기술 사장을 막으며, 정부 연구비 지원 결과의 투명성
및 활용성 증대

Slide 64
사물인터넷 대국민 홍보 및 상상 생산소 운영
가정에서, 학교에서, 산업현장에서 새
로운 아이디어가 창출되길
하드웨어 생산소 운영 / 하드웨어 제작
자 보조금 지원에 따른, 개인/기업의
하드웨어 제작 부담 감소

Slide 65
글로벌 진출 / 마케팅 및 전문가 / 젊은이에게 기회를

Slide 66
국가적 차원에서의 전략?

Slide 67
Thank you!

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