The transformation of business units: all managers and all coders? From an expert's language to an accessible language for everyone, code is becoming a "super power", able to unlock creativity, disrupt industries and transform our society. A tool for innovation, prototyping and acceleration par excellence, code has become the secret weapon of the start-up model. As a new language, will code be the grammar 2.0 that all school children should know in order to develop their critical thinking skills in the digital age? As an economic paradigm, code will necessarily shape future firms by transforming them into real organizations of the 21st century : programmable organizations.

1. #CODE:
THE
PROGRAMMED
REVOLUTION

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3. //3
KEYNOTE_BEGIN
#code – la révolution programmée

4. //4
1975: two computer science students, Paul
Allen and Bill Gates, created Altair BASIC, the
first programming language for
microcomputer, which gave birth to
Microsoft.
1998: Sergey Brin and Larry Page, PhD
students in computer science at Stanford
University, started a search engine project
named Google.
2004: Former computer science student at
Harvard, Mark Zuckerberg launched
Facebook, a website connecting students on
campus.
WITH CODE, THESE MEN
CONQUERED THE WORLD

5. //5
…AND NOWADAYS,
THE WHOLE WORLD SPEAKS HIGHLY OF CODE
“Learning to code is not only
important for your future, but
also the future of your country”.
BARACK OBAMA
“Coding is a skill that will
empower the next generation in
almost any field”.
HARRY LEWIS
(Former Dean of Harvard College)
“I learned how to fly a hot air
balloon when I was 30,000 feet
up and my life was in the
balance: you can learn skills at
any age but why wait when we
can teach everyone to code now!”
RICHARD BRANSON

6. //6
The website Code.org offers 1-hour coding
lessons for beginners.
LEARNING TO CODE HAS
NEVER BEEN THIS EASY!
2014: Launch of an Hour of Code
Participants have followed
the HOUR of CODE program
since January 2014.
With ambassadors such as:
Mark Zuckerberg, Bill Gates,
Google, Yahoo, MSN and
Disney.
+30 M

7. //7Kevin Systrom, founder & CEO of Instagram
Kevin Systrom had a Marketing background
when he started to learn himself how to code
after office hours.
In 2010, Systrom coded Burbn, an HTML5 web
app combining Foursquare’s check-in feature
with other elements from the Facebook game
“Mafia Wars”.
After raising $500,000, Systrom decided to
turn Burbn into a concept of geolocated
photography … Burbn became Instagram.
In April 2012, Instagram was acquired for 1
billion dollars by Facebook.
EVERYONE CAN GET THIS
SUPER POWER

8. //8
Oh, by the way… what is code?
#code – la révolution programmée

9. //9
“CODE” IS A SET OF INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN TO MACHINES
AN INPUT:
• A keyboard
• A mouse
A REPOSITORY:
• A processor
• Memory
• A storage location
AN OUTPUT:
• A screen
AN INSTRUCTION:
The key "A" pressed on the
keyboard
A COMPUTING ACTION :
• A computing program (which consists of lines
of code) is turned on
• The compiler translates these lines of code into
a language that can be understood by the
machine (“0s and 1s”)
A RESULT:
The letter "A" appears on the
screen
We usually call “code” (or source code of a software) a set of instructions which need to be
executed by a machine (a processor). Code is realized in the form of written text in a certain
programming language.
Code gives the possibility to create software that simplify the way we use a machine
<A/>

10. //10
EXAMPLE OF A PROGRAMMING INTERFACE

11. //11
“CODING” IS NOTHING NEW
These men and women contributed to the development of computer science:
CHARLES
BABBAGE
Inventor of the first
machine with
mechanical
instruction (approx.
1820)
GRACE
HOPPER
American computer
scientist behind the
first compiler in the
1950’s
BILL GATES
& PAUL ALLEN
Co-founders of
Microsoft in 1975
MARK
ZUCKERBERG
Founder of
Facebook in 2004
ADA
LOVELACE
Creator of the first
algorithm (in the
1840’s)
<2010s: all coders?/>

12. //12
THE MACHINES WE PROGRAM ARE IMPROVING QUICKLY
Programmable loom
1850
Tablets &
smartphones
Internet of thingsComputer 1950

13. //13
Code is not only a technical tool…
#code – la révolution programmée

14. //14
Born in 1960 at MIT, “hacking” has grown into
a real counterculture.
Hacking means solving problems by tweaking
objects in order to hijack their primary
functions.
Hackers are curious tweakers, snoopers
motivated by intellectual challenge, game and
exchange.
…BUT ALSO A
COUNTERCULTURE:
HACKING

15. //15
...FOUNDED ON ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
PRACTICE
Learning by deconstructing, tweaking and testing.
FRUGALITY
Code should be « esthetic » by its minimalism and frugality. A program
should do the most with the least possible lines of code.
PROGRESS
Computer science is a source of technological and social
progress. Technology must be constantly improved.
MERITOCRACY
A hacker must be judged by the quality of her code, not by her degree.
SHARE
A hacker can rely on a community to construct and improve existing
projects.
ACCESS
Free and full access to knowledge and machines.
Source: Hackers: Heroes of the computing revolution. Steven Levy
Hackers’ ethics (a non-exhaustive list)

16. //16
#code – la révolution programmée
Ever simpler and accessible for everyone, code is
becoming a ‘‘super power’’ able to unlock creativity,
disrupt industries and transform the society, code has
become the symbol of a revolution…
… a ‘‘programmed revolution’’.

17. //17
PART 1
Code:
secret of the startup model
#CODE: THE PROGRAMMED REVOLUTION
PART 2
Code:
coding hacks the classroom
PART 3
Code:
the open space rockstar

18. PART 1
Code:
secret of the
startups model
…Or how code hacks
strategic management

19. //19
BUILD-MEASURE-LEARN:
The Lean Startup1 approach
Developed by Eric Ries in 2008, the Lean Startup
approach is an entrepreneurial model which relies
on quickly turning ideas into testable products
(Minimum Viable Product), and on the generation
of lessons learned (Validated Learning) through
user tests and data. These short iterations should
enable a startup to pivot quickly (change or refine
its concept) and come up with better solutions to
user problems.
A model partly inspired by software
development
The Lean Startup approach is partly inspired by
methods of agile software development (based on
very short iterations, hypothesis-test-adaptation)
But also by the minimalist ethic (frugality) of code
i.e. achieving the most with the least resources.
AN AGILE MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT INSPIRED BY
SOFTWARE
1The term « Lean » comes from « Lean Manufacturing »

20. //20
"Fail often to succeed soonner"
TOM KELLEY
Ideo
In the light of rapid prototyping, a team able
to code its own application or website, even if
in a basic form, will be able to measure and
judge the quality of its concept quickly.
The force is also about the capacity of
communicating ideas to others in a way more
concrete than words.
CODE CAN ACCELERATE
THE IDEA-TO-PRODUCT
PROCESS

21. //21
Programming is based on the capacity of the Internet to make knowledge available and accessible.
Wikis, forums and other collaborative platforms for developers have been created:
COLLABORATION TO SIMPLIFY ACCESS TO EXTERNAL KNOW-
HOW
2.7 million users3.5 million users
10 million hosted projects 7.1 million answers
Source: Wikipedia

22. //22
GITHUB: “THE SOCIAL NETWORK” FOR CODERS
Projects are hosted on the
platform
and can be shared with the
community
Coding instructions from
users
(wiki)
A social network to follow
projects, people and flows
1
2
3

23. //23
STACK OVERFLOW: THE “QUORA” FOR CODERS
A forum where everyone can
ask questions about coding
A system where answers are
rated and the most
convincing ones are put
forward
A social network where
everyone has their own
expertise and to whom we
can ask questions directly
1
2
3

24. //24
OPENNESS: A NEW R&D MODEL
OPEN SOURCE
Firefox is a web and mobile
browser developed with the
help of thousands of
volunteers using the open
source and free software
method (distributed under the
free Mozilla Public License)
OPEN API
Facebook Developers provide
third-party developers with
Facebook data and
functionalities (through its
APIs) to help them create
innovative services.
OPEN DATA
Dataparis.io is a data
visualization projet created
from the open data of INSEE,
RATP and the City of Paris.
Open Innovation is able to reduce R&D costs, simplify data distribution and increase
creativity

25. //25
A hackathon (contraction of Hack and Marathon) is a
programming contest within a short deadline
(generally over a weekend) which brings together
multidisciplinary teams (developers, designers…).
Launched by large organizations (e.g. RATP in France)
and startups (e.g. Facebook), this initiative makes it
possible to quickly spark new concepts by calling
on the creativity of teamwork.
A Hackathon can be organized internally
(collaborators of the firm) or externally.
Hackathons are controversial, however they demonstrate
the great willingness of firms to promote open and
participative innovation.
HACKATHON: RIVALRY
STIMULATES INNOVATION
“Major innovations born from hackathons happen at
least once a year”
PEDRAM KEYANI
Engineering manager @Facebook
The "Like button" on
Facebook was created
during an internal
hackathon

26. PART 2
Code:
coding hacks the classroom

27. //27
“READING, WRITING, COUNTING…CODING?”
DIGITAL LITERACY
Digital literacy is key in a digitalized society.
COMPUTATIONAL THINKING
The strength of code is not only about learning
programming languages themselves, but also the logical
problem-solving approach, based on the fundamentals
of computing theory.
ACCESS TO FUTURE JOBS
Code gives the possibility to train for digital jobs which do
not exist yet.
FREEDOM BY KNOWLEDGE
Code enables engagement. “Empowerment” by code or
“hacktivism” are ways to improve our world and defend
liberty.
THE VIRTUE OF CODE IS MORE AND MORE RECOGNIZED:

28. //28
We don’t train our students to become users of
tools created by others… We want to teach them
how to create these tools and innovate by
themselves.
A DISCIPLINE WHICH NURTURES CRITICAL THINKING
GILLES DOWEK
French computer scientist and professor
at Ecole Polytechnique

29. //29
SCHOOLS MUST ADAPT TO THE LABOR MARKET
1,000,000 MORE JOBS TO FILL ASIDE FROM AVAILABLE TALENTS
in 2020 concerning jobs in computing science in the U.S.
1.4 millionjob offers
in computing science
400,000
graduate students
in computing science

30. //30
…BUT CODING CAN BE LEARNED ON YOUR OWN
NEW
STRUCTURES
NEW
MEDIA
NEW
METHODS

31. //31
…ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS ARE EMERGING
BEYOND THE
TRADITIONAL
SYSTEM
NEW
STRUCTURES
NEW
MEDIA
NEW
METHODS

32. //32
Many movements aim to promote coding and programming among the young generation (right from
6 years old). Game designing, robot animation, connected objects manufacturing… These workshops
are based on the creativity of the youngest and the educational effort from digital experts.
CODING AFTER SCHOOL
Kids Coding Club
Kids Coding Club develops the
creativity of the young
generation (and their parents),
through code, games, robots
or connected objects.
CoderDojo
An international movement
in 400 cities and 43
countries to train the
youngest to code for free.
Coding Goûter
A monthly event gathering
together kids, parents and
developers around code and
Lego: "If we don’t have fun, it’s
that we are not doing what we
should."
- Raphaël Pierquin, founder.

33. //33
New schools have been created or adapted to meet the demand for computing talents
MAKE WAY FOR THE GRANDES ÉCOLES OF CODE !
ECOLE 42
Computer science school founded by
Xavier Niel (Iliad – Free) in 2013. The
school is accessible for all (no degree
required) from 18 to 30 and offers
enhanced courses in programming and
digital innovation.
EPITECH
Epitech is a private school specialized in
computer science and new technologies.
It is accessible for bachelors and lasts 5
years.

34. //34
// SIMPLON
55 rue de Vincennes
93100 Montreuil
Simplon.co est une fabrique accélérée et
rémunérée de développeurs web vouée
à accompagner des porteurs de projets
numériques, et prioritairement tournée
vers les débutants en informatique et les
profils sous-représentés dans
l'entrepreneuriat digital et le web (filles,
jeunes des quartiers populaires ou de
zones rurales, personnes en situation de
handicap, seniors).
CODE:
VECTOR OF E-INCLUSION
Simplon.co is an accelerated factory of web
developers who accompany non-coders
towards the creation of digital projects.
Simplon focuses on beginners and digital
minorities (girls, young adults in working-class
neighborhoods or rural areas, disabled
people, seniors).
Among other initiatives throughout the world:

35. //35
… ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS ARE EMERGING
…SOFTWARE
REMPLACES
TEACHERS
NEW
STRUCTURES
MEW
MEDIA
NEW
METHODS

36. //36
SOFTWARE SIMPLIFIES CODE LEARNING
MIT SCRATCH
An intuitive programming tool
developed by MIT in 2006. The lines
of code are generated automatically
by software, which allows the user
to concentrate on their logic.
GAME SALAD
Game Salad is a tool for designing
tablet and mobile games. Thanks to
simplified interfaces, it enables all
"illiterates of code” to create
animations and interactions.
KODU
Kodu is a game designing
software developed by Microsoft
which uses the principle of
graphic programming. The
programs are produced by
assembling graphic elements
instead of lines of code.

37. //37
E-LEARNING:
INTERFACE FOR SELF-LEARNING
CODECADEMY
• A plateforme to learn to code on
your own
• 5 million users in 2012.
OPEN CLASSROOMS
• 800 free online courses in
computer science and other
scientific disciplines
• 600,000 teachers and students
• 3 million visits in 2012.
KHAN ACADEMY
• 10 million users per month
• 100,000 online exercises
• Various disciplines including
"Computer science" and
"Computer programming".

38. //38
… ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS ARE EMERGING
…CLOSE YOUR
NOTEBOOKS AND
GET STARTED!
NEW
STRUCTURES
NEW
MEDIA
NEW
METHODS

39. //39
PROGRAMMABLE HARDWARE:
LEARNING BY SMALL TASKS!
ARDUINO
An Arduino is a printed circuit
available for around $50 and gives
the possibility to design homo-
automation and robotic projects.
The force lies in its low cost
approach and its extremely well
developed community.
MAKEY MAKEY
This is an electronic circuit which
helps transform all objects into a
keyboard. It becomes thus possible
to make music, play video games by
using a fruit, an eraser or a stone.
LEGO MINDSTORMS &
WEDO
Mindstorms and WeDo are
programmable Lego bricks. This
initiative is part of the Lego
Education program. The bricks
become programmable via MIT’s
Scratch.

40. //40
These new structures, tools and
methods for code learning are
starting to prove successful
#code – la révolution programmée

41. //41
THEY KNEW NOTHING ABOUT CODE… BUT STILL…
…SHE CODED A SOCIAL APPLICATION TO HELP THE DISABLED
Thanks to courses that she followed at Simplon, Audrey Sovignet created WheelShare,
an app that aims to geolocalize and share stories of the disabled people so that they
can travel more easily in the city.
Audrey has been rewarded by “Concours Biilink”, a social network of women
entrepreneurs supported by Fleur Pellerin.
…HE CODED AN APPLICATION WITHIN 16 WEEKS
Thanks to courses given by a developer, Leo Grand has developed a mobile application
in 16 weeks.
Trees for Cars is a carpooling application that allows New Yorkers to compare CO2
emissions between traveling with and without carpooling.
The Facebook page of Trees for Cars is followed by 50,000 people and the application
is available for $0,99.
@AudreySovignet
founder of iWheelShare
Leo Grand
founder of Trees for Cars

42. Code:
the open space rockstar

43. //43
Having bright, talented, creative minds
developing innovative technology
solutions for our businesses just makes
sense.
CODE INVADES OPEN SPACE!
JAMIE DIMON
Chairman & CEO @JPMorgan Chase

44. //44
CODE GIVES BIRTH TO NEW “TALENTS”
IN-HOUSE HACKERS
Operational Developers for
business units
DATA SCIENTISTS
Data experts for business
GROWTH HACKERS
Marketers on steroids
New profiles are starting to spring up in organizations, and they might become
indispensable in the future

45. //45
Integrated into business units (Marketing, HR,
Sales, Logistics), an In-House Hacker (or
Operational Developer) is a “tweaker”, able to
actively respond to all specific demands from
operational staff that cannot be quickly met by
the IT department. They know how to code, how
to find low cost tools available online and how to
use internal APIs of the firm.
An In-House Hacker should be able to quickly
come up with creative solutions to specific
problems, such as:
• “I need to quickly create a web page for a
marketing event that takes place tomorrow
morning”,
• “I need to couple my client data with
information from their Facebook profiles”,
• “I want to generate an automatic message for
each new follower on twitter”.
IN-HOUSE HACKERS:
OPERATIONAL DEVELOPERS
FOR BUSINESS UNITS

46. //46
Their goal: increase your number of users online
From Growth and Hacking, Growth Hacking has been
developed in response to 2 majors problems
encountered by startups: the lack of money, and the
lack of traditional knowledge in marketing.
A Growth Hacker relies on digital technics (newsletter,
SEO, social media…), metrics and viral “tricks” to
rapidly gain a critical mass of users.
SEAN ELLIS
Pioneer in Growth Hacking
Sean Ellis helped startups like LogMeln,
DropBox or Eventbrite achieve dazzling
growth.
As the inventor of the term “Growth
Hacking”, he launched GrowthHackers.com,
a global platform for the growth hacking
community worldwide.
GROWTH HACKERS:
MARKETERS ON
STEROIDS

47. //47
“Data Scientist” is a term coined in 2008 by 2
engineers at LinkedIn and Facebook. The role of a
data scientist is to mix mathematics, statistics and
computer science to reveal business insights.
A profession born with Big Data
Data are nowadays everywhere and everyone can
collect huge amounts of data. A data scientist uses
these data to transform them into actionable
information (insights) for decision markers (e.g.
observation of causal links between sales and twitter
activities).
DATA SCIENTISTS:
DATA EXPERTS FOR
BUSINESS
Source: Journal du Net

48. //48
Which impacts on my organisation ?
#code – la révolution programmée

49. //49
The development and the personalization of
internal applications still remains in the expert
hands of IT teams.
Quite often, any demand that concerns the
evolution of a management tool is treated as a
particular IT project, which requires time and
resources for everyone.
TODAY, PROGRAMMING
IS STILL AN I.T. THING

50. //50
IT will gradually become an internal consulting
department. IT will take care of the technical
architecture of the firm and will provide other
departments (HR, Marketing, Logistics…) with tools (API,
SDK…) in order to quickly adapt their processes and
digital applications according to their needs.
For example:
• The HR department will be able to develop its own
recruitment tools thanks to internal APIs provided
by the IT department as well as external APIs (e.g.
LinkedIn API)
• The Marketing Department will be able to
personalize its CRM with the access to CRM API and
external APIs (Twitter, Facebook…)
TOMORROW, CODING
WILL BECOME A
BUSINESS SKILL

51. //51
Your clients will develop their personalized
interfaces and service offers from the data and
functionalities that you provide them.
They will be more and more able to match your
data and functionalities with the ones of other
services in order to construct the best solutions
to their problems.
IN THE FUTURE:
TOWARDS THE
PROGRAMMABLE FIRM

52. //52
Your clients are coding, your competitors are coding and
your firm becomes programmable…
In order to stay competitive, FABERNOVEL helps you
decrypt the impact of code on your business
#code – la révolution programmée

53. //53
CODING LAB
A day dedicated to the transformation of business organizations by “code”
“I have learned enough not to get lost in my current job. I can ask relevant
questions and can even be against developer’s decisions if needed.”
JON EINKAUF
Product manager @Amazon AWS
Preface of the 101 to Computer Science at Harvard
Within a day, the CODING LAB aims at
providing decision markers with all the
necessary tools to anticipate the coding
revolution, and manage their business and
talents in the era of programmable firms.
Contact: cyril.vart@fabernovel.com

54. Cyril VART
Partner, VP Strategy and Development
cyril.vart@fabernovel.com
+33 1 42 72 20 04
17 rue du faubourg du Temple
75010 Paris – France
T. +331 42 72 20 04
F. +331 42 72 20 03
Antonin TORIKIAN
Project Director
Antonin.torikian@fabernovel.com
+33 1 42 72 20 04
FOR MORE INFORMATION
FABERNOVEL CONTRIBUTORS :
Louis Moullard, Project Analyst
Thomas Borie, Junior Project Manager
Benoît Talabot, Art Director
Jules Mahé, Junior Art Director
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
Simplon.co
Frédéric Bardeau, co-founder of Simplon.co
Ori Pekelman

55. //55//55
Because it teaches you how to think, everyone
should learn how to code...
STEVE JOBS (1955-2011)
Entrepreneur and founder of Apple
‘‘

56. 56
FABERNOVEL was founded 10 years ago with the belief that the
association of the two seemingly opposite forces – the titans of the
global industry and the up-and-comers of the startup world – maximize
the value of the two ecosystems.
We are a platform where industrials and startups collaborate,
construct and accelerate.
San Francisco // New York // Lisbonne // Paris // Moscou
ABOUT FABERNOVEL

57. 57//
// NEW YORK
150 West 25th St. , Suite 503
New York, NY 10001
+1415 298 02 09
meet_nyc@fabernovel.com
// MOSCOW
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+7(999) 639 80 82
meet_moscow@fabernovel.com
// PARIS
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75010 Paris
+33 1 42 72 20 04
meet_paris@fabernovel.com
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San Francisco, CA 94103 USA
+1415 626 6406
meet_sf@fabernovel.com

58. //58
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CREDITS: