Turkish is a member of the Altaic language family and uses suffixes to create new words or express ideas with a single word. Learning Turkish involves achieving proficiency in listening, reading, speaking and writing skills, as well as grammar. There are 6 levels of Turkish language certification from elementary to advanced, with exams to test progression to the next level and obtain certificates from the Ministry of Education. The levels involve increasing fluency and complexity, from basic conversation in elementary levels to discussing newspapers and short stories for advanced certification.