A diabetic diet involves eating carbohydrates at each meal to control blood glucose levels, prioritizing high-fiber sources like vegetables, fruits, and whole grains over those with added fats and sugars. It also includes getting protein for fullness without raising blood glucose, as well as healthy fats, while avoiding saturated fats, salt, sugar, and sugar-sweetened beverages. The diet focuses on eating regular meals from five food groups and choosing fiber-rich whole foods along with calorie-free liquids and sugar substitutes.