2. Circulatory/Cardiovascular
System
The main function of the circulatory
system is to provide nutrients and oxygen
to the various parts of the body, via the
blood, which is circulated through the
veins and arteries, like a giant
transportation system.
Arteries carry the oxygenated blood from
the heart to the cells and tissues, whereas
veins return the oxygen-depleted blood
from the cells to the heart.
3. The Two forms of Circulation
In systemic circulation, arteries collect the
oxygen-rich blood from the heart and is
transported to the body tissues. In the
process, oxygen from the blood is diffused
into the body cells; whereas carbon
dioxide from the cells is diffused in the
blood. This exchange of gases takes place
with the help of capillaries that surround
the body cells
4. The pulmonary circulation is a loop from
the heart to the lungs. It is that
portion, where deoxygenated blood from
the heart is carried to the lungs and in
turn, returns oxygenated blood to the
heart.
5. The circulatory system works with the
respiratory system and digestive system to
supply oxygen and nutrients to the body.
Blood carries the messenger chemicals -
hormones, secreted by the organs of the
endocrine system. Thus, the circulatory
system is also responsible for circulating
hormones for proper communication
between the body organs.
6. Circulatory/Cardiovascular System
Capillaries (smallest of blood vessels) -
Controls flow of oxygen to cells and
carbon dioxide from cells using the
following feedback loop:
If oxygen too low, gases flow from areas of
high concentration (capillaries)to low
concentration (cells) to maintain levels
If too high, the opposite happens, gases flow
from areas of high concentration (cells) to low
concentration (capillaries).
7. Diseases/affliction of the
cardiovascular/circulatory system
Heart attack
High blood pressure
Hemophilia
Stroke
Sepsis (infection)
Bruises/contusions (hickey)
9. Respiratory System
Air first enters your body through your nose
or mouth, which wets and warms the air.
(Cold, dry air can irritate your lungs.) The air
then travels through your voice box and
down your windpipe. The windpipe splits into
two bronchial tubes that enter your lungs.
A thin flap of tissue called the epiglottis
covers your windpipe when you swallow. This
prevents food or drink from entering the air
passages that lead to your lungs.
10. Except for the mouth and some parts of
the nose, all of the airways have special
hairs called cilia that are coated with
sticky mucus. The cilia trap germs and
other foreign particles that enter your
airways when you breathe in air.
These fine hairs then sweep the particles
up to the nose or mouth. From
there, they're swallowed, coughed, or
sneezed out of the body. Nose hairs and
mouth saliva also trap particles and
11. Within the lungs, your bronchi branch into
thousands of smaller, thinner tubes called
bronchioles. These tubes end in bunches
of tiny round air sacs called alveoli.
Each of these air sacs is covered in a
mesh of tiny blood vessels called
capillaries. The capillaries connect to a
network of arteries and veins that move
blood through your body.
12. The muscle that helps the lungs breath is
called the diaphragm. Breathing is
something that happens
passively, something that we don't even
think about...that is unless it is something
that becomes difficult to do.
13. Respiratory System
Lungs - Controls blood pH, amount of
carbon dioxide in blood using the following
feedback loop:
If gets too low (acidic, pH below 7.4), gets rid
of excess CO2 (which caused the acid)
If gets too high (basic, pH above 7.4), retains
more CO2
14. Diseases/afflictions of the
respiratory system
Cold/flu
Pneumonia
Asthma
Lung cancer
Sinus infection
allergies
