Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris was constructed in four phases between 1163 and 1250. It features Gothic architecture elements like flying buttresses, large rose windows, pointed arches, and gargoyles. The cathedral was initiated by Bishop Maurice de Sully and its construction involved raising the nave, adding the façade and two towers, and installing elaborate features like the Gallery of Kings.
8. 3RD CONSTRUCTION MOVEMENT
1190-1225: façade courses and the first two bays
in the nave, connection of the two bays to the
upper façade and the Gallery of the Kings
10. 4TH CONSTRUCTION MOVEMENT
1225-1250: upper gallery and two towers on the
façade , revision of the upper windows fitting
out the nave side chapels between the flying
buttresses’ abutments
12. THE SOUTH ROSE WINDOW
Jean de Chelles and Pierre de Montreuil
Constructed in 1260
Diameter: 42 feet 4 inches
Height: 62 feet 4 inches
Restored c. 1725-1727 , then again in 1861
WARNING! NOT ALL PICTURES ARE ACTUAL PICTURES OF NOTRE DAME. SOME ARE ONLY EXAMPLES FROM OTHER BUILDINGS SINCE I COULDN’T BE TOO PICKY WITH THE SELECTION OF PICTURES.
-PopeGabian sent Dyonisius, later called Saint Denis, to Paris in 250. Due to persecution Christianity was kept secret so no Christian architecture could arrive until after Saint Denis’ time. However, he got the ‘ball rolling’ so to speak.-After the Edict of Milan in 313, Saint Stephen’s Basilica was built near the location of Notre Dame-800 years later, Bishop Maurice de Sully ordered Notre Dame to be built
-Notre Dame is located in Paris-Notre Dame is an example of Gothic architecture-A large parvis was built, meaning square to symbolize the separation of secular and religious worlds-The large, wide street was built in order to allow the common people to enter Notre dame-Under the watchful eye of Pope Alexander III, the first stone was placed in 1163
Here is what the parvis looks like.
The first construction movement took place between 1163 and 1182. During this movement the choir and double deambulatory were built, under direction of Maurice de Sully.Here is a choir room inside Notre Dame-Here
- A bay is a section of architecture that is marked off by columns. Here is an example of a bay. A tribune, as defined by TheFreeDictionary, is: “the apse of a Christian basilica that contains the bishop's throne.”
-This is what a nave would look like. If you are the camera man you are standing in the nave. Naves are usually surrounded by aisles and lead up to the center of the church.
-The third construction movement lasted from 1190-1225. The major thing that occurred was the connection of the first two bays to the Gallery of the Kings.
The Gallery of the Kings features sculptures of 28 Kings of Judah
-The last movement mainly decorated and touched up the cathedral
-Designed by Jean de Chelles and Pierre de Montreuil-Constructed in 1260 as a foil for the North Rose Window, which was constructed 1250 -It has a diameter of 42 feet and 4 inchesIts height, including the bay it is contained within, is 62 feet and 4 inches The Rose window had to be restored somewhere between the years 1725 and 1727. Then after a fire due to the French Revolution, it had to be restored again in 1861.
-Thought no one clearly knows what the original plans looked like, in the beginning the twelve apostles were the twelve panes in the first circle. Now they are scattered among the first twenty four panes. Ambrose and Saint Denis (remember him?) are also found among the panes.
-Placement of large pillars allowed the walls of a structure to not carry as much weight. As a result…-Larger windows could now be placed on the wallsThe Rose Window-Pointed arches as opposed to Roman arches also distinguish Gothic architecture
-Nooo…not those gargoyles. These…-That’s better. The gargoyles were actually not conceived by the original architects of Notre Dame. They were built by a 19th century sculptor, Victor Pyanet. They were then placed on Notre Dame during Eugene Viollet-le Duc’s restoration in the years 1843 to 1864.
