2. BY
SHAGUFTA RANI
KHANZADA
EFFECT OF PLANT OILS ON ADULT EMERGENCE, FECUNDITY AND
WEIGHT LOSS OF COLLOSOBRUCHUS ANALIS (FAB.) IN GREEN
GRAM (VIGNA RADIATA L. ROXB). ”
DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY
FACULTY OF CROP PROTECTION
SINDH AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY, TANDO JAM
PAKISTAN

3. INTRODUCTION
 Pulses belong to family Leguminosae and they are excellent an inexpensive source of plant protein and
provide a balanced diet for millions of people when eaten in when combination with cereals. .
 The pulse beetle, Callosobruchus analis (Fabricius) Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is the pest of mung (Vigna
radiata), mash (Phaseolus mungo), moth (Phaseolus aconitifolius), peas, cowpeas and other pulses.
 Both the larvae and the adults cause damage. The larva is recognized by its creamy-white, oval, flabby
body.
 The adult is an oval beetle,. The female is chocolate with a black trapezoidal area surrounding by white
streaks on the three sides. This area is located in the centre of each elytra towards the outer margin.
 The young larva on emergence bores into the grain and feeds entire contents

4. Pupa of Callosobruchus
analis
Larva of callosobruchus
analis
Eggs of callosobruchus
Life cycle of Callosobruchus analis (Fabricius)
adult of callosobruchus
analis

5. MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present studies on “Effect of plant oils on adult emergence, fecundity and weight loss of
collosobruchus analis (fab.) in green gram (vigna radiata l. roxb). , the expriment were carried out under
laboratory conditions in postgraduate laboratory of Entomology Department, Faculty of Crop Protection,
Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam.
 The culture of C. analis was obtained from grain storage laboratory, Tropical Agriculture Research
Institute,
Karachi University .
 Four different plant oils i.e. mustard (Brassica compestris ), coconut (Cocus nucifera), sesame
(Sesamum
indicum) and rocket seed (Eurica sativa) which are commercially available in market were purchased
and
mixed with gree n gram grains.
 The standard concentration of each oil was 0.25 ml and which was mixed with the 250 grams of green
gram.
 Weighted green gram grains were kept in plastic jars which were covered with muslin cloth and banded
with
rubber strips.
 The experiment was replicated four times and control (without treated grains). The culture was
developed for

6. RESULTRESULT

7. TABLE 1. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PLANT OILS ON THE ADULT EMERGENCE OF
PULSE BEETLE, C. ANALIS ON GREEN GRAMS .
Date of
observations
Population of Pulse beetle on Plant oils in green gram
Mustard oil Coconut oil Sesame oil Rocket seed oil
Control
August 10, 2007
1.75 2.25 4.25 2.0 6.0
17
3.25 4.25 8.50 2.5 8.0
24
6.25 8.75 32.25 1.5 47.75
31
30.25 39.50 51.50 2.5 201.25
September 07
139.50 98.75 218.00 3.0 393.25
14
254.25 321.50 274.00 2.75 639.25
21
285.00 448.75 355.75 1.50 959.5
28
235.50 494.25 347.25 1.25 797.5
October 05
229.00 391.75 343.25 1.25 771.0
12
183.75 337.50 310.00 1.25 561.0
19
261.25 237.75 192.25 1.50 423.5
26.
97.00 210.00 158.50 2.0 275.75
November 02
39.75 157.50 97.25 1.75 175.25
9
21.25 108.75 31.25 1.50 99.25

8. TABLE 2. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PLANT OILS ON THE FECUNDITY OF
PULSE BEETLE, C. ANALIS ON GREEN GRAMS.
Date of
observations
Fecundity of Pulse beetle on plant oils in green gram
Mustard oil Coconut oil Sesame oil Rocket seed oil Control
August 10,
2007
6.00 3.25 5.00 1.25 11.5
17 4.75 5.25 7.00 1.50 18.75
24 5.50 4.00 8.00 1.50 26.0
31 8.00 5.75 12.25 1.25 40.0
September 07 12.25 21.25 24.25 1.73 54.0
14 25.50 31.25 35.25 1.75 65.5
21 30.25 56.00 42.00 1.50 87.75
28 25.25 41.00 39.00 1.50 80.75
October 05 24.50 48.00 36.25 1.25 85.25
12 24.49 35.00 38.50 1.50 67.5
19 22.25 33.00 33.00 1.50 49.5
26. 20.00 35.50 30.25 1.50 35.5
November 02 19.25 29.25 25.25 1.50 22.75
9 19.00 23.75 23.25 1.50 12.5
16 12.00 28.25 19.75 1.0 5.75
Mean
17.27
26.70 25.27 1.47 44.2

9. TABLE 3. EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PLANT OILS ON THE GRAIN
WEIGHT LOSS IN TREATED AND NON TREATED GREEN GRAM BY PULSE
BEETLE, C. ANALIS FAB
Treatments
Initial weight
(Grams)
Final weight
loss
(Grams)
weight loss
(Grams)
Calculation %
Mustard oil 250 199.43 51.43 20.57
Coconut oil 250 160.3 90.3 36.13
Sesame oil 250 186.08 64.08 25.63
Rocket seed oil 250 230.67 20.67 8.26
Control 250 110.37 140.37 56.14

10. TABLE 4. WEEKLY MEAN, POPULATION OF PULSE BEETLE, C. ANALIS
IN LABORATORY WITH TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY (%)
Dates of observations Mean population Temperature oC Humidity %
August 10, 07
2.56
34.5 76
17
4.62
34.0 75
24
12.18
33.5 82
31
30.93
36.5 76
September 07
114.81
38.0 84
14
213.12
36.5 75
21
272.75
39.0 64
28
269.56
34.0 78
October 05
241.31
35.5 72
12
208.12
38.0 62
19
173.18
35.5 70
26.
116.87
34.5 70
November 02
74.06
33.0 73
9
40.68
25.0 66
16 24.5 67

11. CONCLUSIONS
 All the plant oils were comparatively better for keeping the pulse beetle below
infestation level.
 Rocket seed oil (Jambho) proved more effective among the other oils.
 Population of adult emergence and fecundity increases the peak in the month of
August and September months.
 The minimum weight loss was found in Rocket seed oil in green gram.
 The maximum weight loss was found in control treatment in green gram.
 The temperature 39oC and humidity 64% was found favourable for pest
multiplication.