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Sports columns
Editorials
Obituaries
Crossword Puzzles
Cartoons
What does this sentence mean?
Don’t let the snake eat Jorge.
Is the snake about to eat Jorge, or is Jorge
supposed to prevent the snake from eating its
food? Adding a comma makes it clear.
Don’t let the snake eat, Jorge.
The comma (,) is used to separate parts of a
sentence to make the meaning clear.
Actually, snakes like to eat rodents.
After feeding the snake, you can leave for the
NASCAR race.
As Jorge explained, snakes eat a variety of foods.
Add a comma after the introductory word, phrase, or
clause in each of the following sentences.
1.
2.

3.
4.

5.

Smelling Janelle’s perfume in the apartment, Oscar
knew that she was ready to go to the party.
First Corey fastened his seatbelt and put on his
sunglasses.
Whether you agree or not I’m taking biology next
semester.
In Wendy’s opinion renting a large apartment is more
convenient than owning a house.
While the children ate ice cream and cake and played
games their parents became better acquainted.
Add a comma after the introductory word, phrase, or
clause in each of the following sentences.
1.
2.

3.
4.

5.

Smelling Janelle’s perfume in the apartment, Oscar
knew that she was ready to go to the party.
First, Corey fastened his seatbelt and put on his
sunglasses.
Whether you agree or not I’m taking biology next
semester.
In Wendy’s opinion renting a large apartment is more
convenient than owning a house.
While the children ate ice cream and cake and played
games their parents became better acquainted.
Add a comma after the introductory word, phrase, or
clause in each of the following sentences.
1.
2.

3.
4.

5.

Smelling Janelle’s perfume in the apartment, Oscar
knew that she was ready to go to the party.
First, Corey fastened his seatbelt and put on his
sunglasses.
Whether you agree or not, I’m taking biology next
semester.
In Wendy’s opinion renting a large apartment is more
convenient than owning a house.
While the children ate ice cream and cake and played
games their parents became better acquainted.
Add a comma after the introductory word, phrase, or
clause in each of the following sentences.
1.
2.

3.
4.

5.

Smelling Janelle’s perfume in the apartment, Oscar
knew that she was ready to go to the party.
First, Corey fastened his seatbelt and put on his
sunglasses.
Whether you agree or not, I’m taking biology next
semester.
In Wendy’s opinion, renting a large apartment is more
convenient than owning a house.
While the children ate ice cream and cake and played
games their parents became better acquainted.
Add a comma after the introductory word, phrase, or
clause in each of the following sentences.
1.
2.

3.
4.

5.

Smelling Janelle’s perfume in the apartment, Oscar
knew that she was ready to go to the party.
First, Corey fastened his seatbelt and put on his
sunglasses.
Whether you agree or not, I’m taking biology next
semester.
In Wendy’s opinion, renting a large apartment is more
convenient than owning a house.
While the children ate ice cream and cake and played
games, their parents became better acquainted.
Jane bought books, games, and CDs at the
bookstore.
Before leaving, she talked to her roommate,
turned off her computer, and locked her desk.
Jane forgot to feed the dog, she didn’t make her
bed, and she didn’t clean the bathroom as she
promised.
Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences
to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series.
1.
All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk a
block of moldy cheese and a jar of olives.
2.
Eileen packed underwear jeans sweaters socks shoes
and maps.
3.
Vikram walked down the street past the supermarket
and around the corner.
4.
Jorge filled the sandbox Gunilla set up the swings Noah
built the seesaws Calvin welded the slide and Mahela
painted the benches.
5.
Chewing gum pacing the floor and looking at the clock
were the only things to do in the waiting room.
Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences
to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series.
1.
All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk, a
block of moldy cheese, and a jar of olives.
2.
Eileen packed underwear jeans sweaters socks shoes
and maps.
3.
Vikram walked down the street past the supermarket
and around the corner.
4.
Jorge filled the sandbox Gunilla set up the swings Noah
built the seesaws Calvin welded the slide and Mahela
painted the benches.
5.
Chewing gum pacing the floor and looking at the clock
were the only things to do in the waiting room.
Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences
to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series.
1.
All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk, a
block of moldy cheese, and a jar of olives.
2.
Eileen packed underwear, jeans, sweaters, socks, shoes,
and maps.
3.
Vikram walked down the street past the supermarket
and around the corner.
4.
Jorge filled the sandbox Gunilla set up the swings Noah
built the seesaws Calvin welded the slide and Mahela
painted the benches.
5.
Chewing gum pacing the floor and looking at the clock
were the only things to do in the waiting room.
Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences
to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series.
1.
All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk, a
block of moldy cheese, and a jar of olives.
2.
Eileen packed underwear, jeans, sweaters, socks, shoes,
and maps.
3.
Vikram walked down the street, past the supermarket,
and around the corner.
4.
Jorge filled the sandbox Gunilla set up the swings Noah
built the seesaws Calvin welded the slide and Mahela
painted the benches.
5.
Chewing gum pacing the floor and looking at the clock
were the only things to do in the waiting room.
Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences
to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series.
1.
All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk, a
block of moldy cheese, and a jar of olives.
2.
Eileen packed underwear, jeans, sweaters, socks, shoes,
and maps.
3.
Vikram walked down the street, past the supermarket,
and around the corner.
4.
Jorge filled the sandbox, Gunilla set up the swings,
Noah built the seesaws, Calvin welded the slide, and
Mahela painted the benches.
5.
Chewing gum pacing the floor and looking at the clock
were the only things to do in the waiting room.
Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences
to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series.
1.
All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk, a
block of moldy cheese, and a jar of olives.
2.
Eileen packed underwear, jeans, sweaters, socks, shoes,
and maps.
3.
Vikram walked down the street, past the supermarket,
and around the corner.
4.
Jorge filled the sandbox, Gunilla set up the swings,
Noah built the seesaws, Calvin welded the slide, and
Mahela painted the benches.
5.
Chewing gum, pacing the floor, and looking at the
clock were the only things to do in the waiting room.
I wanted to go to the concert, and I wanted to
study for my exam.
I knew my test was important, but Shakira is my
favorite singer.
I studied all afternoon, so I was able to go to the
concert after all.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The wind howled and the snow fell more
thickly.
Margarita stood on a stepladder but she could
not reach the ceiling.
Julio drank a second bottle of water yet he still
was thirsty.
Marcia couldn’t sleep for tomorrow she started
a new job.
I wanted to call you on your birthday but you
were out all night.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The wind howled, and the snow fell more
thickly.
Margarita stood on a stepladder but she could
not reach the ceiling.
Julio drank a second bottle of water yet he still
was thirsty.
Marcia couldn’t sleep for tomorrow she started
a new job.
I wanted to call you on your birthday but you
were out all night.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The wind howled, and the snow fell more
thickly.
Margarita stood on a stepladder, but she could
not reach the ceiling.
Julio drank a second bottle of water yet he still
was thirsty.
Marcia couldn’t sleep for tomorrow she started
a new job.
I wanted to call you on your birthday but you
were out all night.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The wind howled, and the snow fell more
thickly.
Margarita stood on a stepladder, but she could
not reach the ceiling.
Julio drank a second bottle of water, yet he still
was thirsty.
Marcia couldn’t sleep for tomorrow she started
a new job.
I wanted to call you on your birthday but you
were out all night.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The wind howled, and the snow fell more
thickly.
Margarita stood on a stepladder, but she could
not reach the ceiling.
Julio drank a second bottle of water, yet he still
was thirsty.
Marcia couldn’t sleep, for tomorrow she started
a new job.
I wanted to call you on your birthday but you
were out all night.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The wind howled, and the snow fell more
thickly.
Margarita stood on a stepladder, but she could
not reach the ceiling.
Julio drank a second bottle of water, yet he still
was thirsty.
Marcia couldn’t sleep, for tomorrow she started
a new job.
I wanted to call you on your birthday, but you
were out all night.
My high school reunion, sadly, was missing the person I
most wanted to see.
Jessie, who was my high school sweetheart, doesn’t live
here anymore.
The reunion, held over the Thanksgiving weekend, wasn’t
nearly as much fun as the last one.
I would really like to see Jessie, my old flame.
Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the
descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive.
1.
2.
3.

4.

5.

Mateo the youngest person in his family is the
first to attend a university.
The driver of the car in front of us ignoring
the stop sign sped through the intersection.
Ricky’s new saxophone which had cost him
his life savings enabled him to join his favorite
swing band.
My date a massage therapist named Yolanda
asked me in to meet her parents.
Janine’s former roommate surprisingly was
happy to see her.
Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the
descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive.
1.
2.
3.

4.

5.

Mateo, the youngest person in his family, is
the first to attend a university.
The driver of the car in front of us ignoring
the stop sign sped through the intersection.
Ricky’s new saxophone which had cost him
his life savings enabled him to join his favorite
swing band.
My date a massage therapist named Yolanda
asked me in to meet her parents.
Janine’s former roommate surprisingly was
happy to see her.
Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the
descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive.
1.
2.
3.

4.

5.

Mateo, the youngest person in his family, is
the first to attend a university.
The driver of the car in front of us, ignoring
the stop sign, sped through the intersection.
Ricky’s new saxophone which had cost him
his life savings enabled him to join his favorite
swing band.
My date a massage therapist named Yolanda
asked me in to meet her parents.
Janine’s former roommate surprisingly was
happy to see her.
Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the
descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive.
1.
2.
3.

4.

5.

Mateo, the youngest person in his family, is
the first to attend a university.
The driver of the car in front of us, ignoring
the stop sign, sped through the intersection.
Ricky’s new saxophone, which had cost him
his life savings, enabled him to join his
favorite swing band.
My date a massage therapist named Yolanda
asked me in to meet her parents.
Janine’s former roommate surprisingly was
happy to see her.
Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the
descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive.
1.
2.
3.

4.

5.

Mateo, the youngest person in his family, is
the first to attend a university.
The driver of the car in front of us, ignoring
the stop sign, sped through the intersection.
Ricky’s new saxophone, which had cost him
his life savings, enabled him to join his
favorite swing band.
My date, a massage therapist named Yolanda,
asked me in to meet her parents.
Janine’s former roommate surprisingly was
happy to see her.
Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the
descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive.
1.
2.
3.

4.

5.

Mateo, the youngest person in his family, is
the first to attend a university.
The driver of the car in front of us, ignoring
the stop sign, sped through the intersection.
Ricky’s new saxophone, which had cost him
his life savings, enabled him to join his
favorite swing band.
My date, a massage therapist named Yolanda,
asked me in to meet her parents.
Janine’s former roommate, surprisingly, was
happy to see her.
It wasn’t until I visited the museum, however,
that I realized how much I liked art.
For example, I discovered I really enjoyed
Remington’s sculptures.
My friend, on the other hand, preferred Monet’s
paintings.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences to set off the transitional words and
phrases.
1.
Subsequently the rest of the family came down
with the flu.
2.
Fritz likewise saved copies of his work in his email files.
3.
Furthermore the larger company has superior
benefits.
4.
The two-lane road alongside the freeway
nevertheless is very scenic.
5.
Only when Belinda heard the applause however
did she realize that her speech was convincing.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences to set off the transitional words and
phrases.
1.
Subsequently, the rest of the family came down
with the flu.
2.
Fritz likewise saved copies of his work in his email files.
3.
Furthermore the larger company has superior
benefits.
4.
The two-lane road alongside the freeway
nevertheless is very scenic.
5.
Only when Belinda heard the applause however
did she realize that her speech was convincing.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences to set off the transitional words and
phrases.
1.
Subsequently, the rest of the family came down
with the flu.
2.
Fritz, likewise, saved copies of his work in his email files.
3.
Furthermore the larger company has superior
benefits.
4.
The two-lane road alongside the freeway
nevertheless is very scenic.
5.
Only when Belinda heard the applause however
did she realize that her speech was convincing.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences to set off the transitional words and
phrases.
1.
Subsequently, the rest of the family came down
with the flu.
2.
Fritz, likewise, saved copies of his work in his email files.
3.
Furthermore, the larger company has superior
benefits.
4.
The two-lane road alongside the freeway
nevertheless is very scenic.
5.
Only when Belinda heard the applause however
did she realize that her speech was convincing.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences to set off the transitional words and
phrases.
1.
Subsequently, the rest of the family came down
with the flu.
2.
Fritz, likewise, saved copies of his work in his email files.
3.
Furthermore, the larger company has superior
benefits.
4.
The two-lane road alongside the freeway,
nevertheless, is very scenic.
5.
Only when Belinda heard the applause however
did she realize that her speech was convincing.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences to set off the transitional words and
phrases.
1.
Subsequently, the rest of the family came down
with the flu.
2.
Fritz, likewise, saved copies of his work in his email files.
3.
Furthermore, the larger company has superior
benefits.
4.
The two-lane road alongside the freeway,
nevertheless, is very scenic.
5.
Only when Belinda heard the applause, however,
did she realize that her speech was convincing.
I will start graduate school on September 4, 2008.
I was born on July 4, 1970, and immediately
became the center of my grandmother’s
attention.
My goal is to have my master’s degree by the time
I turn forty on July 4, 2010.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1. My father was born September 18 1956.
2. The automobile accident occurred October 30
1999.
3. February 29 2001 is a date that never existed.
4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15
1997.
5. November 8 1990 was the day that my aunt and
uncle were married.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1. My father was born September 18, 1956.
2. The automobile accident occurred October 30
1999.
3. February 29 2001 is a date that never existed.
4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15
1997.
5. November 8 1990 was the day that my aunt and
uncle were married.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1. My father was born September 18, 1956.
2. The automobile accident occurred October 30,
1999.
3. February 29 2001 is a date that never existed.
4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15
1997.
5. November 8 1990 was the day that my aunt and
uncle were married.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1. My father was born September 18, 1956.
2. The automobile accident occurred October 30,
1999.
3. February 29, 2001, is a date that never existed.
4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15
1997.
5. November 8 1990 was the day that my aunt and
uncle were married.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1. My father was born September 18, 1956.
2. The automobile accident occurred October 30,
1999.
3. February 29, 2001, is a date that never existed.
4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15,
1997.
5. November 8 1990 was the day that my aunt and
uncle were married.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1. My father was born September 18, 1956.
2. The automobile accident occurred October 30,
1999.
3. February 29, 2001, is a date that never existed.
4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15,
1997.
5. November 8, 1990, was the day that my aunt
and uncle were married.
I have lived at 400 Elm Street, Chicago, Illinois, all
of my life.
My closest friend now lives at 402 Oak Avenue,
Bexar County, Texas.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive
Albany New York.
2.
I have some relatives who live in Atlanta Georgia
and some who live in Tampa Florida.
3.
There is a large medical center in Dane County
Wisconsin.
4.
Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris France.
5.
I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford
Boulevard Fremont Virginia.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive,
Albany, New York.
2.
I have some relatives who live in Atlanta Georgia
and some who live in Tampa Florida.
3.
There is a large medical center in Dane County
Wisconsin.
4.
Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris France.
5.
I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford
Boulevard Fremont Virginia.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive,
Albany, New York.
2.
I have some relatives who live in Atlanta, Georgia,
and some who live in Tampa, Florida.
3.
There is a large medical center in Dane County
Wisconsin.
4.
Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris France.
5.
I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford
Boulevard Fremont Virginia.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive,
Albany, New York.
2.
I have some relatives who live in Atlanta, Georgia,
and some who live in Tampa, Florida.
3.
There is a large medical center in Dane County,
Wisconsin.
4.
Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris France.
5.
I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford
Boulevard Fremont Virginia.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive,
Albany, New York.
2.
I have some relatives who live in Atlanta, Georgia,
and some who live in Tampa, Florida.
3.
There is a large medical center in Dane County,
Wisconsin.
4.
Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris, France.
5.
I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford
Boulevard Fremont Virginia.
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive,
Albany, New York.
2.
I have some relatives who live in Atlanta, Georgia,
and some who live in Tampa, Florida.
3.
There is a large medical center in Dane County,
Wisconsin.
4.
Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris, France.
5.
I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford
Boulevard, Fremont, Virginia.
“Go ahead and start your engine,” the announcer
said.
According to my brother, “He didn’t say it loud
enough for all of the racers to hear.”
“I said it loud enough,” the announcer replied,
“for all of the other racers to hear.”
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
“I think Douglas likes you” Charlene whispered to
Amber.
2.
Brian Wilson sang “I guess I just wasn’t made for
these times.”
3.
“Don’t kill that spider” Alberto told his son.
4.
“You don’t need to insure your car” Yasmin joked
“if you never drive it.”
5.
Professor Ambrosini reminds us “Even if it’s not
on the test, you still need to know it.”
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
“I think Douglas likes you,” Charlene whispered to
Amber.
2.
Brian Wilson sang “I guess I just wasn’t made for
these times.”
3.
“Don’t kill that spider” Alberto told his son.
4.
“You don’t need to insure your car” Yasmin joked
“if you never drive it.”
5.
Professor Ambrosini reminds us “Even if it’s not
on the test, you still need to know it.”
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
“I think Douglas likes you,” Charlene whispered to
Amber.
2.
Brian Wilson sang, “I guess I just wasn’t made for
these times.”
3.
“Don’t kill that spider” Alberto told his son.
4.
“You don’t need to insure your car” Yasmin joked
“if you never drive it.”
5.
Professor Ambrosini reminds us “Even if it’s not
on the test, you still need to know it.”
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
“I think Douglas likes you,” Charlene whispered to
Amber.
2.
Brian Wilson sang, “I guess I just wasn’t made for
these times.”
3.
“Don’t kill that spider,” Alberto told his son.
4.
“You don’t need to insure your car” Yasmin joked
“if you never drive it.”
5.
Professor Ambrosini reminds us “Even if it’s not
on the test, you still need to know it.”
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
“I think Douglas likes you,” Charlene whispered to
Amber.
2.
Brian Wilson sang, “I guess I just wasn’t made for
these times.”
3.
“Don’t kill that spider,” Alberto told his son.
4.
“You don’t need to insure your car,” Yasmin joked,
“if you never drive it.”
5.
Professor Ambrosini reminds us “Even if it’s not
on the test, you still need to know it.”
Add commas as needed to each of the following
sentences.
1.
“I think Douglas likes you,” Charlene whispered to
Amber.
2.
Brian Wilson sang, “I guess I just wasn’t made for
these times.”
3.
“Don’t kill that spider,” Alberto told his son.
4.
“You don’t need to insure your car,” Yasmin joked,
“if you never drive it.”
5.
Professor Ambrosini reminds us, “Even if it’s not
on the test, you still need to know it.”
Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add
commas as necessary to each of the following sentences.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The oldest son Steven surprised his family by bringing
home his new wife for they had not known that he had
even been dating somebody special.
In high school Sofia amazingly decided to take a
cooking class to learn how to read package labels how
to select and store fresh vegetables and how to prepare
quick meals from basic ingredients.
Because he knew that I was worried Alexei my oldest
friend telephoned to announce “Jackie my new address
is 1561 Kendall Avenue Minneapolis Minnesota.”
Mastering new software therefore involves solving two
important problems which are learning what the
software can do and figuring out how to get the
software to do it.
On July 20 1969 when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the
surface of the moon he said “One small step for a man;
one giant leap for mankind.”
Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add
commas as necessary to each of the following sentences.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The oldest son, Steven, surprised his family by bringing
home his new wife, for they had not known that he had
even been dating somebody special.
In high school Sofia amazingly decided to take a
cooking class to learn how to read package labels how
to select and store fresh vegetables and how to prepare
quick meals from basic ingredients.
Because he knew that I was worried Alexei my oldest
friend telephoned to announce “Jackie my new address
is 1561 Kendall Avenue Minneapolis Minnesota.”
Mastering new software therefore involves solving two
important problems which are learning what the
software can do and figuring out how to get the
software to do it.
On July 20 1969 when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the
surface of the moon he said “One small step for a man;
one giant leap for mankind.”
Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add
commas as necessary to each of the following sentences.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The oldest son, Steven, surprised his family by bringing
home his new wife, for they had not known that he had
even been dating somebody special.
In high school, Sofia, amazingly, decided to take a
cooking class to learn how to read package labels, how
to select and store fresh vegetables, and how to prepare
quick meals from basic ingredients.
Because he knew that I was worried Alexei my oldest
friend telephoned to announce “Jackie my new address
is 1561 Kendall Avenue Minneapolis Minnesota.”
Mastering new software therefore involves solving two
important problems which are learning what the
software can do and figuring out how to get the
software to do it.
On July 20 1969 when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the
surface of the moon he said “One small step for a man;
one giant leap for mankind.”
Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add commas as
necessary to each of the following sentences.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The oldest son, Steven, surprised his family by bringing home
his new wife, for they had not known that he had even been
dating somebody special.
In high school, Sofia amazingly decided to take a cooking class
to learn how to read package labels, how to select and store
fresh vegetables, and how to prepare quick meals from basic
ingredients.
Because he knew that I was worried, Alexei, my oldest friend,
telephoned to announce, “Jackie, my new address is 1561
Kendall Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota.”
Mastering new software therefore involves solving two
important problems which are learning what the software can
do and figuring out how to get the software to do it.
On July 20 1969 when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the surface
of the moon he said “One small step for a man; one giant leap
for mankind.”
Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add commas as
necessary to each of the following sentences.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The oldest son, Steven, surprised his family by bringing home
his new wife, for they had not known that he had even been
dating somebody special.
In high school, Sofia amazingly decided to take a cooking class
to learn how to read package labels, how to select and store
fresh vegetables, and how to prepare quick meals from basic
ingredients.
Because he knew that I was worried, Alexei, my oldest friend,
telephoned to announce, “Jackie, my new address is 1561
Kendall Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota.”
Mastering new software, therefore, involves solving two
important problems, which are learning what the software can
do and figuring out how to get the software to do it.
On July 20 1969 when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the surface
of the moon he said “One small step for a man; one giant leap
for mankind.”
Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add commas as
necessary to each of the following sentences.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The oldest son, Steven, surprised his family by bringing home
his new wife, for they had not known that he had even been
dating somebody special.
In high school, Sofia amazingly decided to take a cooking class
to learn how to read package labels, how to select and store
fresh vegetables, and how to prepare quick meals from basic
ingredients.
Because he knew that I was worried, Alexei, my oldest friend,
telephoned to announce, “Jackie, my new address is 1561
Kendall Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota.”
Mastering new software, therefore, involves solving two
important problems, which are learning what the software can
do and figuring out how to get the software to do it.
On July 20, 1969, when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the
surface of the moon, he said, “One small step for a man; one
giant leap for mankind.”









In groups of four, look at the ten vocabulary
words you chose
Create a list of ten words that the group agrees
upon
Bring that list to me
As a group, look at the list of words and decide
which ten you believe are the most important
Make any changes to your group list and
return it to me
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

You, the potential helper, must notice an
event is occurring
You must interpret the event as one in
which help is needed
You must assume personal
responsibility
You must decide what action to take
You must then take action
Stanley Milgram
designed a study that
investigates the effects of
authority on obedience.

Courtesy of CUNY Graduate School and University Center

People comply to social
pressures. How would
they respond to outright
command?

Stanley Milgram
(1933-1984)
Both Photos: © 1965 By Stanley Miligram, from the
film Obedience, dist. by Penn State, Media Sales
Slight to Moderate Shock
B. Strong to Very Strong Shock
C. Intense to Extreme Intensity
Shock
D. Danger: Severe Shock
E. XXX
A.
Slight to Moderate Shock
B. Strong to Very Strong Shock
C. Intense to Extreme Intensity
Shock
D. Danger: Severe Shock
E. XXX
A.
0-25 percent
B. 26-40 percent
C. 41-60 percent
D. 61-75 percent
E. 76-100 percent
A.
Link
A third of the individuals in Milgram’s study
resisted social coercion.

AP/ Wide World Photos

An unarmed individual single-handedly
challenged a line of tanks at Tiananmen Square.
In both Asch's and Milgram's studies,
participants were pressured to choose between
following their standards and being responsive
to others.

In Milgram’s study, participants were torn
between hearing the victims pleas and the
experimenter’s orders.






Essay #4 is due Thursday, November
14, at 11:55 p.m. to Turnitin
Read and annotate “The Perils of
Obedience”
Complete the vocabulary worksheet
Expect a reading quiz
Post to the weekly blog by 11:55 p.m.
on Thursday and respond to at least
two students by 11:55 p.m. on Sunday

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November 17

  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. What does this sentence mean? Don’t let the snake eat Jorge. Is the snake about to eat Jorge, or is Jorge supposed to prevent the snake from eating its food? Adding a comma makes it clear. Don’t let the snake eat, Jorge. The comma (,) is used to separate parts of a sentence to make the meaning clear.
  • 6. Actually, snakes like to eat rodents. After feeding the snake, you can leave for the NASCAR race. As Jorge explained, snakes eat a variety of foods.
  • 7. Add a comma after the introductory word, phrase, or clause in each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Smelling Janelle’s perfume in the apartment, Oscar knew that she was ready to go to the party. First Corey fastened his seatbelt and put on his sunglasses. Whether you agree or not I’m taking biology next semester. In Wendy’s opinion renting a large apartment is more convenient than owning a house. While the children ate ice cream and cake and played games their parents became better acquainted.
  • 8. Add a comma after the introductory word, phrase, or clause in each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Smelling Janelle’s perfume in the apartment, Oscar knew that she was ready to go to the party. First, Corey fastened his seatbelt and put on his sunglasses. Whether you agree or not I’m taking biology next semester. In Wendy’s opinion renting a large apartment is more convenient than owning a house. While the children ate ice cream and cake and played games their parents became better acquainted.
  • 9. Add a comma after the introductory word, phrase, or clause in each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Smelling Janelle’s perfume in the apartment, Oscar knew that she was ready to go to the party. First, Corey fastened his seatbelt and put on his sunglasses. Whether you agree or not, I’m taking biology next semester. In Wendy’s opinion renting a large apartment is more convenient than owning a house. While the children ate ice cream and cake and played games their parents became better acquainted.
  • 10. Add a comma after the introductory word, phrase, or clause in each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Smelling Janelle’s perfume in the apartment, Oscar knew that she was ready to go to the party. First, Corey fastened his seatbelt and put on his sunglasses. Whether you agree or not, I’m taking biology next semester. In Wendy’s opinion, renting a large apartment is more convenient than owning a house. While the children ate ice cream and cake and played games their parents became better acquainted.
  • 11. Add a comma after the introductory word, phrase, or clause in each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Smelling Janelle’s perfume in the apartment, Oscar knew that she was ready to go to the party. First, Corey fastened his seatbelt and put on his sunglasses. Whether you agree or not, I’m taking biology next semester. In Wendy’s opinion, renting a large apartment is more convenient than owning a house. While the children ate ice cream and cake and played games, their parents became better acquainted.
  • 12. Jane bought books, games, and CDs at the bookstore. Before leaving, she talked to her roommate, turned off her computer, and locked her desk. Jane forgot to feed the dog, she didn’t make her bed, and she didn’t clean the bathroom as she promised.
  • 13. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series. 1. All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk a block of moldy cheese and a jar of olives. 2. Eileen packed underwear jeans sweaters socks shoes and maps. 3. Vikram walked down the street past the supermarket and around the corner. 4. Jorge filled the sandbox Gunilla set up the swings Noah built the seesaws Calvin welded the slide and Mahela painted the benches. 5. Chewing gum pacing the floor and looking at the clock were the only things to do in the waiting room.
  • 14. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series. 1. All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk, a block of moldy cheese, and a jar of olives. 2. Eileen packed underwear jeans sweaters socks shoes and maps. 3. Vikram walked down the street past the supermarket and around the corner. 4. Jorge filled the sandbox Gunilla set up the swings Noah built the seesaws Calvin welded the slide and Mahela painted the benches. 5. Chewing gum pacing the floor and looking at the clock were the only things to do in the waiting room.
  • 15. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series. 1. All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk, a block of moldy cheese, and a jar of olives. 2. Eileen packed underwear, jeans, sweaters, socks, shoes, and maps. 3. Vikram walked down the street past the supermarket and around the corner. 4. Jorge filled the sandbox Gunilla set up the swings Noah built the seesaws Calvin welded the slide and Mahela painted the benches. 5. Chewing gum pacing the floor and looking at the clock were the only things to do in the waiting room.
  • 16. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series. 1. All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk, a block of moldy cheese, and a jar of olives. 2. Eileen packed underwear, jeans, sweaters, socks, shoes, and maps. 3. Vikram walked down the street, past the supermarket, and around the corner. 4. Jorge filled the sandbox Gunilla set up the swings Noah built the seesaws Calvin welded the slide and Mahela painted the benches. 5. Chewing gum pacing the floor and looking at the clock were the only things to do in the waiting room.
  • 17. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series. 1. All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk, a block of moldy cheese, and a jar of olives. 2. Eileen packed underwear, jeans, sweaters, socks, shoes, and maps. 3. Vikram walked down the street, past the supermarket, and around the corner. 4. Jorge filled the sandbox, Gunilla set up the swings, Noah built the seesaws, Calvin welded the slide, and Mahela painted the benches. 5. Chewing gum pacing the floor and looking at the clock were the only things to do in the waiting room.
  • 18. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to separate words, phrases, or clauses used in a series. 1. All I had in the refrigerator was a pint of sour milk, a block of moldy cheese, and a jar of olives. 2. Eileen packed underwear, jeans, sweaters, socks, shoes, and maps. 3. Vikram walked down the street, past the supermarket, and around the corner. 4. Jorge filled the sandbox, Gunilla set up the swings, Noah built the seesaws, Calvin welded the slide, and Mahela painted the benches. 5. Chewing gum, pacing the floor, and looking at the clock were the only things to do in the waiting room.
  • 19. I wanted to go to the concert, and I wanted to study for my exam. I knew my test was important, but Shakira is my favorite singer. I studied all afternoon, so I was able to go to the concert after all.
  • 20. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The wind howled and the snow fell more thickly. Margarita stood on a stepladder but she could not reach the ceiling. Julio drank a second bottle of water yet he still was thirsty. Marcia couldn’t sleep for tomorrow she started a new job. I wanted to call you on your birthday but you were out all night.
  • 21. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The wind howled, and the snow fell more thickly. Margarita stood on a stepladder but she could not reach the ceiling. Julio drank a second bottle of water yet he still was thirsty. Marcia couldn’t sleep for tomorrow she started a new job. I wanted to call you on your birthday but you were out all night.
  • 22. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The wind howled, and the snow fell more thickly. Margarita stood on a stepladder, but she could not reach the ceiling. Julio drank a second bottle of water yet he still was thirsty. Marcia couldn’t sleep for tomorrow she started a new job. I wanted to call you on your birthday but you were out all night.
  • 23. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The wind howled, and the snow fell more thickly. Margarita stood on a stepladder, but she could not reach the ceiling. Julio drank a second bottle of water, yet he still was thirsty. Marcia couldn’t sleep for tomorrow she started a new job. I wanted to call you on your birthday but you were out all night.
  • 24. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The wind howled, and the snow fell more thickly. Margarita stood on a stepladder, but she could not reach the ceiling. Julio drank a second bottle of water, yet he still was thirsty. Marcia couldn’t sleep, for tomorrow she started a new job. I wanted to call you on your birthday but you were out all night.
  • 25. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The wind howled, and the snow fell more thickly. Margarita stood on a stepladder, but she could not reach the ceiling. Julio drank a second bottle of water, yet he still was thirsty. Marcia couldn’t sleep, for tomorrow she started a new job. I wanted to call you on your birthday, but you were out all night.
  • 26. My high school reunion, sadly, was missing the person I most wanted to see. Jessie, who was my high school sweetheart, doesn’t live here anymore. The reunion, held over the Thanksgiving weekend, wasn’t nearly as much fun as the last one. I would really like to see Jessie, my old flame.
  • 27. Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Mateo the youngest person in his family is the first to attend a university. The driver of the car in front of us ignoring the stop sign sped through the intersection. Ricky’s new saxophone which had cost him his life savings enabled him to join his favorite swing band. My date a massage therapist named Yolanda asked me in to meet her parents. Janine’s former roommate surprisingly was happy to see her.
  • 28. Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Mateo, the youngest person in his family, is the first to attend a university. The driver of the car in front of us ignoring the stop sign sped through the intersection. Ricky’s new saxophone which had cost him his life savings enabled him to join his favorite swing band. My date a massage therapist named Yolanda asked me in to meet her parents. Janine’s former roommate surprisingly was happy to see her.
  • 29. Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Mateo, the youngest person in his family, is the first to attend a university. The driver of the car in front of us, ignoring the stop sign, sped through the intersection. Ricky’s new saxophone which had cost him his life savings enabled him to join his favorite swing band. My date a massage therapist named Yolanda asked me in to meet her parents. Janine’s former roommate surprisingly was happy to see her.
  • 30. Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Mateo, the youngest person in his family, is the first to attend a university. The driver of the car in front of us, ignoring the stop sign, sped through the intersection. Ricky’s new saxophone, which had cost him his life savings, enabled him to join his favorite swing band. My date a massage therapist named Yolanda asked me in to meet her parents. Janine’s former roommate surprisingly was happy to see her.
  • 31. Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Mateo, the youngest person in his family, is the first to attend a university. The driver of the car in front of us, ignoring the stop sign, sped through the intersection. Ricky’s new saxophone, which had cost him his life savings, enabled him to join his favorite swing band. My date, a massage therapist named Yolanda, asked me in to meet her parents. Janine’s former roommate surprisingly was happy to see her.
  • 32. Add commas to each of the following sentences to set off the descriptive word, phrase, or clause or the appositive. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Mateo, the youngest person in his family, is the first to attend a university. The driver of the car in front of us, ignoring the stop sign, sped through the intersection. Ricky’s new saxophone, which had cost him his life savings, enabled him to join his favorite swing band. My date, a massage therapist named Yolanda, asked me in to meet her parents. Janine’s former roommate, surprisingly, was happy to see her.
  • 33. It wasn’t until I visited the museum, however, that I realized how much I liked art. For example, I discovered I really enjoyed Remington’s sculptures. My friend, on the other hand, preferred Monet’s paintings.
  • 34. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to set off the transitional words and phrases. 1. Subsequently the rest of the family came down with the flu. 2. Fritz likewise saved copies of his work in his email files. 3. Furthermore the larger company has superior benefits. 4. The two-lane road alongside the freeway nevertheless is very scenic. 5. Only when Belinda heard the applause however did she realize that her speech was convincing.
  • 35. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to set off the transitional words and phrases. 1. Subsequently, the rest of the family came down with the flu. 2. Fritz likewise saved copies of his work in his email files. 3. Furthermore the larger company has superior benefits. 4. The two-lane road alongside the freeway nevertheless is very scenic. 5. Only when Belinda heard the applause however did she realize that her speech was convincing.
  • 36. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to set off the transitional words and phrases. 1. Subsequently, the rest of the family came down with the flu. 2. Fritz, likewise, saved copies of his work in his email files. 3. Furthermore the larger company has superior benefits. 4. The two-lane road alongside the freeway nevertheless is very scenic. 5. Only when Belinda heard the applause however did she realize that her speech was convincing.
  • 37. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to set off the transitional words and phrases. 1. Subsequently, the rest of the family came down with the flu. 2. Fritz, likewise, saved copies of his work in his email files. 3. Furthermore, the larger company has superior benefits. 4. The two-lane road alongside the freeway nevertheless is very scenic. 5. Only when Belinda heard the applause however did she realize that her speech was convincing.
  • 38. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to set off the transitional words and phrases. 1. Subsequently, the rest of the family came down with the flu. 2. Fritz, likewise, saved copies of his work in his email files. 3. Furthermore, the larger company has superior benefits. 4. The two-lane road alongside the freeway, nevertheless, is very scenic. 5. Only when Belinda heard the applause however did she realize that her speech was convincing.
  • 39. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences to set off the transitional words and phrases. 1. Subsequently, the rest of the family came down with the flu. 2. Fritz, likewise, saved copies of his work in his email files. 3. Furthermore, the larger company has superior benefits. 4. The two-lane road alongside the freeway, nevertheless, is very scenic. 5. Only when Belinda heard the applause, however, did she realize that her speech was convincing.
  • 40. I will start graduate school on September 4, 2008. I was born on July 4, 1970, and immediately became the center of my grandmother’s attention. My goal is to have my master’s degree by the time I turn forty on July 4, 2010.
  • 41. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. My father was born September 18 1956. 2. The automobile accident occurred October 30 1999. 3. February 29 2001 is a date that never existed. 4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15 1997. 5. November 8 1990 was the day that my aunt and uncle were married.
  • 42. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. My father was born September 18, 1956. 2. The automobile accident occurred October 30 1999. 3. February 29 2001 is a date that never existed. 4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15 1997. 5. November 8 1990 was the day that my aunt and uncle were married.
  • 43. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. My father was born September 18, 1956. 2. The automobile accident occurred October 30, 1999. 3. February 29 2001 is a date that never existed. 4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15 1997. 5. November 8 1990 was the day that my aunt and uncle were married.
  • 44. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. My father was born September 18, 1956. 2. The automobile accident occurred October 30, 1999. 3. February 29, 2001, is a date that never existed. 4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15 1997. 5. November 8 1990 was the day that my aunt and uncle were married.
  • 45. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. My father was born September 18, 1956. 2. The automobile accident occurred October 30, 1999. 3. February 29, 2001, is a date that never existed. 4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15, 1997. 5. November 8 1990 was the day that my aunt and uncle were married.
  • 46. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. My father was born September 18, 1956. 2. The automobile accident occurred October 30, 1999. 3. February 29, 2001, is a date that never existed. 4. I first filed an income tax return on April 15, 1997. 5. November 8, 1990, was the day that my aunt and uncle were married.
  • 47. I have lived at 400 Elm Street, Chicago, Illinois, all of my life. My closest friend now lives at 402 Oak Avenue, Bexar County, Texas.
  • 48. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive Albany New York. 2. I have some relatives who live in Atlanta Georgia and some who live in Tampa Florida. 3. There is a large medical center in Dane County Wisconsin. 4. Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris France. 5. I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford Boulevard Fremont Virginia.
  • 49. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive, Albany, New York. 2. I have some relatives who live in Atlanta Georgia and some who live in Tampa Florida. 3. There is a large medical center in Dane County Wisconsin. 4. Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris France. 5. I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford Boulevard Fremont Virginia.
  • 50. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive, Albany, New York. 2. I have some relatives who live in Atlanta, Georgia, and some who live in Tampa, Florida. 3. There is a large medical center in Dane County Wisconsin. 4. Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris France. 5. I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford Boulevard Fremont Virginia.
  • 51. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive, Albany, New York. 2. I have some relatives who live in Atlanta, Georgia, and some who live in Tampa, Florida. 3. There is a large medical center in Dane County, Wisconsin. 4. Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris France. 5. I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford Boulevard Fremont Virginia.
  • 52. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive, Albany, New York. 2. I have some relatives who live in Atlanta, Georgia, and some who live in Tampa, Florida. 3. There is a large medical center in Dane County, Wisconsin. 4. Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris, France. 5. I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford Boulevard Fremont Virginia.
  • 53. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. His office is located at 4100 Manchester Drive, Albany, New York. 2. I have some relatives who live in Atlanta, Georgia, and some who live in Tampa, Florida. 3. There is a large medical center in Dane County, Wisconsin. 4. Tamara celebrated New Year’s Eve in Paris, France. 5. I mailed the warranty card to 762 Wallingford Boulevard, Fremont, Virginia.
  • 54. “Go ahead and start your engine,” the announcer said. According to my brother, “He didn’t say it loud enough for all of the racers to hear.” “I said it loud enough,” the announcer replied, “for all of the other racers to hear.”
  • 55. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. “I think Douglas likes you” Charlene whispered to Amber. 2. Brian Wilson sang “I guess I just wasn’t made for these times.” 3. “Don’t kill that spider” Alberto told his son. 4. “You don’t need to insure your car” Yasmin joked “if you never drive it.” 5. Professor Ambrosini reminds us “Even if it’s not on the test, you still need to know it.”
  • 56. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. “I think Douglas likes you,” Charlene whispered to Amber. 2. Brian Wilson sang “I guess I just wasn’t made for these times.” 3. “Don’t kill that spider” Alberto told his son. 4. “You don’t need to insure your car” Yasmin joked “if you never drive it.” 5. Professor Ambrosini reminds us “Even if it’s not on the test, you still need to know it.”
  • 57. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. “I think Douglas likes you,” Charlene whispered to Amber. 2. Brian Wilson sang, “I guess I just wasn’t made for these times.” 3. “Don’t kill that spider” Alberto told his son. 4. “You don’t need to insure your car” Yasmin joked “if you never drive it.” 5. Professor Ambrosini reminds us “Even if it’s not on the test, you still need to know it.”
  • 58. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. “I think Douglas likes you,” Charlene whispered to Amber. 2. Brian Wilson sang, “I guess I just wasn’t made for these times.” 3. “Don’t kill that spider,” Alberto told his son. 4. “You don’t need to insure your car” Yasmin joked “if you never drive it.” 5. Professor Ambrosini reminds us “Even if it’s not on the test, you still need to know it.”
  • 59. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. “I think Douglas likes you,” Charlene whispered to Amber. 2. Brian Wilson sang, “I guess I just wasn’t made for these times.” 3. “Don’t kill that spider,” Alberto told his son. 4. “You don’t need to insure your car,” Yasmin joked, “if you never drive it.” 5. Professor Ambrosini reminds us “Even if it’s not on the test, you still need to know it.”
  • 60. Add commas as needed to each of the following sentences. 1. “I think Douglas likes you,” Charlene whispered to Amber. 2. Brian Wilson sang, “I guess I just wasn’t made for these times.” 3. “Don’t kill that spider,” Alberto told his son. 4. “You don’t need to insure your car,” Yasmin joked, “if you never drive it.” 5. Professor Ambrosini reminds us, “Even if it’s not on the test, you still need to know it.”
  • 61. Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add commas as necessary to each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The oldest son Steven surprised his family by bringing home his new wife for they had not known that he had even been dating somebody special. In high school Sofia amazingly decided to take a cooking class to learn how to read package labels how to select and store fresh vegetables and how to prepare quick meals from basic ingredients. Because he knew that I was worried Alexei my oldest friend telephoned to announce “Jackie my new address is 1561 Kendall Avenue Minneapolis Minnesota.” Mastering new software therefore involves solving two important problems which are learning what the software can do and figuring out how to get the software to do it. On July 20 1969 when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the surface of the moon he said “One small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind.”
  • 62. Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add commas as necessary to each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The oldest son, Steven, surprised his family by bringing home his new wife, for they had not known that he had even been dating somebody special. In high school Sofia amazingly decided to take a cooking class to learn how to read package labels how to select and store fresh vegetables and how to prepare quick meals from basic ingredients. Because he knew that I was worried Alexei my oldest friend telephoned to announce “Jackie my new address is 1561 Kendall Avenue Minneapolis Minnesota.” Mastering new software therefore involves solving two important problems which are learning what the software can do and figuring out how to get the software to do it. On July 20 1969 when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the surface of the moon he said “One small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind.”
  • 63. Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add commas as necessary to each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The oldest son, Steven, surprised his family by bringing home his new wife, for they had not known that he had even been dating somebody special. In high school, Sofia, amazingly, decided to take a cooking class to learn how to read package labels, how to select and store fresh vegetables, and how to prepare quick meals from basic ingredients. Because he knew that I was worried Alexei my oldest friend telephoned to announce “Jackie my new address is 1561 Kendall Avenue Minneapolis Minnesota.” Mastering new software therefore involves solving two important problems which are learning what the software can do and figuring out how to get the software to do it. On July 20 1969 when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the surface of the moon he said “One small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind.”
  • 64. Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add commas as necessary to each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The oldest son, Steven, surprised his family by bringing home his new wife, for they had not known that he had even been dating somebody special. In high school, Sofia amazingly decided to take a cooking class to learn how to read package labels, how to select and store fresh vegetables, and how to prepare quick meals from basic ingredients. Because he knew that I was worried, Alexei, my oldest friend, telephoned to announce, “Jackie, my new address is 1561 Kendall Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota.” Mastering new software therefore involves solving two important problems which are learning what the software can do and figuring out how to get the software to do it. On July 20 1969 when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the surface of the moon he said “One small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind.”
  • 65. Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add commas as necessary to each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The oldest son, Steven, surprised his family by bringing home his new wife, for they had not known that he had even been dating somebody special. In high school, Sofia amazingly decided to take a cooking class to learn how to read package labels, how to select and store fresh vegetables, and how to prepare quick meals from basic ingredients. Because he knew that I was worried, Alexei, my oldest friend, telephoned to announce, “Jackie, my new address is 1561 Kendall Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota.” Mastering new software, therefore, involves solving two important problems, which are learning what the software can do and figuring out how to get the software to do it. On July 20 1969 when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the surface of the moon he said “One small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind.”
  • 66. Using all of the comma rules you have learned in this chapter, add commas as necessary to each of the following sentences. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The oldest son, Steven, surprised his family by bringing home his new wife, for they had not known that he had even been dating somebody special. In high school, Sofia amazingly decided to take a cooking class to learn how to read package labels, how to select and store fresh vegetables, and how to prepare quick meals from basic ingredients. Because he knew that I was worried, Alexei, my oldest friend, telephoned to announce, “Jackie, my new address is 1561 Kendall Avenue, Minneapolis, Minnesota.” Mastering new software, therefore, involves solving two important problems, which are learning what the software can do and figuring out how to get the software to do it. On July 20, 1969, when Neil Armstrong stepped onto the surface of the moon, he said, “One small step for a man; one giant leap for mankind.”
  • 67.      In groups of four, look at the ten vocabulary words you chose Create a list of ten words that the group agrees upon Bring that list to me As a group, look at the list of words and decide which ten you believe are the most important Make any changes to your group list and return it to me
  • 68.
  • 69. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. You, the potential helper, must notice an event is occurring You must interpret the event as one in which help is needed You must assume personal responsibility You must decide what action to take You must then take action
  • 70.
  • 71. Stanley Milgram designed a study that investigates the effects of authority on obedience. Courtesy of CUNY Graduate School and University Center People comply to social pressures. How would they respond to outright command? Stanley Milgram (1933-1984)
  • 72. Both Photos: © 1965 By Stanley Miligram, from the film Obedience, dist. by Penn State, Media Sales
  • 73.
  • 74. Slight to Moderate Shock B. Strong to Very Strong Shock C. Intense to Extreme Intensity Shock D. Danger: Severe Shock E. XXX A.
  • 75. Slight to Moderate Shock B. Strong to Very Strong Shock C. Intense to Extreme Intensity Shock D. Danger: Severe Shock E. XXX A.
  • 76. 0-25 percent B. 26-40 percent C. 41-60 percent D. 61-75 percent E. 76-100 percent A.
  • 77. Link
  • 78.
  • 79. A third of the individuals in Milgram’s study resisted social coercion. AP/ Wide World Photos An unarmed individual single-handedly challenged a line of tanks at Tiananmen Square.
  • 80. In both Asch's and Milgram's studies, participants were pressured to choose between following their standards and being responsive to others. In Milgram’s study, participants were torn between hearing the victims pleas and the experimenter’s orders.
  • 81.
  • 82.      Essay #4 is due Thursday, November 14, at 11:55 p.m. to Turnitin Read and annotate “The Perils of Obedience” Complete the vocabulary worksheet Expect a reading quiz Post to the weekly blog by 11:55 p.m. on Thursday and respond to at least two students by 11:55 p.m. on Sunday