A presentation on English grammar - relative clauses by English teacher Edgars Grīnis.

1. RELATIVE CLAUSES
Edgars Grīnis

2. RELATIVE CLAUSE – APZĪMĒTĀJA PALĪGTEIKUMS
The guy is a skateboarder.

3. RELATIVE CLAUSE – APZĪMĒTĀJA PALĪGTEIKUMS
The guy who lives next door is a skateboarder.

4. RELATIVE CLAUSE – APZĪMĒTĀJA PALĪGTEIKUMS
The guy who lives next door is a skateboarder.
Tuvāk raksturo, dod papildu informāciju
vai konkretizē lietvārdu teikumā.

5. A CLAUSE is a part of a sentence. A relative clause tells
us which person or thing (or what kind of person or
thing) the speaker means:
The guy who lives next door…
(tells us which guy)
The house which has broken windows…
(tells us which house)
The girls that like heavy metal…
(tells us what kind of girls)

6. RELATIVE PRONOUNS – APZĪMĒTĀJA VIETNIEKVĀRDI

7. WHO
We use who in a relative clause when we are talking ABOUT PEOPLE.
The kids who are in the amusement park are having fun. 
The rides who are in the amusement park are exciting. 

8. WHO
We use who in a relative clause when we are talking ABOUT PEOPLE.
An architect is someone who designs buidings.
What was the name of the person who called you?
Anyone who wants to apply for the job must do so by Friday.

9. WHO / THAT
We can also use that instead of who. (but not always)
An architect is someone who/that designs buidings.
What was the name of the person who/that called you?
Anyone who/that wants to apply for the job must do so by Friday.

10. WHICH
We use which in a relative clause when we are talking ABOUT THINGS,
CONCEPTS, IDEAS etc.
The rides which are in the amusement park are exciting. 
The kids which are in the amusement park are having fun. 

11. WHICH
We use which in a relative clause when we are talking ABOUT THINGS,
CONCEPTS, IDEAS etc.
I don’t like stories which have unhappy endings.
She works for a company which makes furniture.
Where is the cheese which was in the fridge?

12. WHICH / THAT
We can also use that instead of which.
I don’t like stories which/that have unhappy endings.
She works for a company which/that makes furniture.
Where is the cheese which/that was in the fridge?

13. WHOSE
We use whose when we talk about possession (something belongs to
someone).
I talked to a man whose parents live in Tokyo.
Es runāju ar vīrieti, kura vecāki dzīvo Tokijā.
That’s the man whose dog bit my little brother.
He’s in love with a girl whose family don’t like him.
Nejauciet ar who’s
who’s = who is

14. WHAT and THAT
WHAT = ‘the thing(s) that’

15. WHAT and THAT
That’s what happened.
=
That’s the thing that happened.

16. WHAT and THAT
Everything that happened was my fault. 
Everything what happened was my fault. 
the thing that

17. THAT or WHAT?
1. The teacher _______ teaches biology is not here today.
2. John knows _______ he wants from life.
3. Sarah always disagrees with _______ Paul says.
4. The time _______ we spent in Spain was really fun.
5. The cows _______ are in the field belong to old McDonald.
6. Do you know _______ you want for dinner?
7. Repeat _______ I said, please!
8. I learned everything _______ I know from master Po.
that
that
that
that
what
what
what
what

18. Insert your own relative clauses into these sentences.
Be creative!
THE MAN GOT LOST IN THE DESERT.
THE HOUSE WILL BE DEMOLISHED NEXT MONTH.
A HAPPY PERSON IS A PERSON…
A NINCOMPOOP IS…

19. Insert your own relative clauses into these sentences.
Be creative!
THE MAN WHO WENT LOOKING FOR HIS CAMEL GOT LOST IN THE DESERT.
THE HOUSE WHICH IS BLOCKING THE BEAUTIFUL VIEW FROM MY WINDOW
WILL BE DEMOLISHED NEXT MONTH.
A HAPPY PERSON IS A PERSON WHO LOVES THE SOUND OF THE ALARMCLOCK
IN THE MORNING.
A NINCOMPOOP IS A HAMSTER THAT CAN BREATHE FIRE AND SHOOT LASERS
FROM ITS EYES.