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1. Happiness Isn’t Brain Surgery:
Multiple Dimensions of
Motivation
Presented by: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes
Executive Director, AllCEUs
Host: Counselor Toolbox
AllCEUs.com Unlimited CEUs and Specialty Certifications $59

2. Objectives
 Define motivation
 Review the concepts of motivation
 Identify the types of motivation and ways to
enhance them

3. What is motivation
 Motivation is doing something to get a reward
 Assumptions about the nature of motivation:
 Motivation is a key to change.
 Motivation is multidimensional.
 Motivation is dynamic and fluctuating
When the going gets tough, motivation gets going
 Motivation can be modified.
Additional rewards can be added to make the new
behavior more rewarding, even in the face of adversity

4. Enhancing Motivation
 The PIES Approach
 Proximity: Provide intervention in the natural
environment
 Immediacy: Intervene as soon as the problem or loss of
motivation is noticed.
 Expectancy: Expect the intervention to be successful
and emphasize self-efficacy.
 Simplicity: Listen, show empathy, and demonstrate
understanding works best.

5. Tips
 The more types of motivation involved, the stronger the
motivational force
 Signs of decreasing motivation
 Failure to attempt change
 “Resistance”
 Excuses and “yes, buts”
 Lack of enthusiasm
 Have client’s rate their motivation on each target
behavior (not goal) each day.
 Goal: Lose 15 pounds
 Target behavior: Go to the gym
 Target behavior: Drink 8 glasses of water…

6. Apply It
 Goals & Target Behavior
 Goal: Improve happiness (address depression)
Target Behavior: Take medication
Target Behavior: Walk 30 minutes
Target Behavior: When I feel sad, write in my journal
 Goal: Improve Stress Management (reduce anxiety)
Target Behavior 1: Get adequate sleep
Target Behavior 2: Delegate unnecessary stressors
Target Behavior 3: Reduce caffeine

7. Types of Motivation
 Emotional: Makes the person happy
 Mental: Is the logical choice
 Physical: Improves physical health, energy or
reduces pain
 Social: Improves relationship with self or others,
elicits positive feedback from self and others
 Spiritual: Is in alignment with values
 Financial: Increases financial independence
 Environmental: Makes the environment more
comfortable

8. Emotional Motivation
 Things that make the person happy
 Decisional Balance: Identify all the reasons
 Increase these
 The new behavior makes the person happy (Positive
reinforcement)
 The old behavior adds distress (Negative reinforcement)
 Decrease these
 The old behavior makes the person happy
 The new behavior adds distress
 Especially useful with people who have more of a
“Feeling” temperament

9. Mental Motivation
 Things that the person sees as logical
 Available information to support desired behavior
 Decisional Balance: Identify all the reasons
 Increase these
 The new behavior is logical and helpful to achieving goals
 The old behavior is unhelpful to achieving goals
 Decrease these
 The old behavior is logical and helpful to achieving goals
 The new behavior is unhelpful to achieving goals
 Especially useful with people who have a “Thinking”
temperament.

10. Social Motivation
 Things that increase the person’s self-esteem/self-
acceptance
 Things that increase social approval/acceptance
 Decisional Balance: Identify all the reasons
 Increase these
 The new behavior increases self-acceptance/approval & other
acceptance/approval
 The old behavior is in opposition to their self-concept
 The old behavior leads to rejection/isolation
 Decrease these
 The old behavior is socially rewarding
 The new behavior does not provide self or other rewards (i.e.
changing people, places, things)

11. Spiritual Motivation
 Highlight ways that the new behavior is in
alignment with values
 Decisional Balance:
 Increase these
Ways the new behavior is in alignment with values
Awareness of ways old behaviors are not in alignment
with values
 Decrease these
The ways the old behavior aligns with values
The ways the new behavior does not align with values

12. Financial Motivation
 Highlight ways that the new behavior is financially
beneficial
 Decisional Balance
 How did old behaviors reduce
Savings
Additional money
Redirectable funds
 How do new behaviors increase
Savings
Additional money
Redirectable funds

13. Environmental Motivation
 Identifying ways the new behavior will allow the
person to improve their environment
 People: Kindred spirits
 Places: Vacation, better neighborhood, nice restaurant
 Things: upgraded car, redecorating,
 Decisional balance:
 In what ways will the new behavior (Highlight)
 Improve the environment
 Make the environment more stressful
 In what was does the old behavior (decrease)
 Create a comfortable environment (What will you miss?)
 Create an uncomfortable environment

14. Summary
 Motivation is essential to behavior change
 Motivation involves “choosing” the behavior that
provides the greatest rewards for the effort.
 Increasing motivation means enhancing rewards
and reducing punishments/drawbacks.