Identifying the Distinguishing Features of Proverbs, Myths & Legend; Philippine Myth

1. Miss Zynica Marcoso

2. Story Form Features Distinguishing Features
1. Myths
-Traditional stories
-Historical events
-View of people
-Explain a belief
-view of people
-explain a belief
2. Legends
-Stories from the past
-Historical but not verifiable
Popular myth of recent origin
-Historical but not verifiable
3.Proverbs
-Collection of moral sayings and
counsels
-Canonical Jewish and Christian
sculpture
-Scripture (established
doctrine

3. Collection of tales and superstitions about magical
creatures and entities. Some Filipinos, even though heavily
Christianized, still believe in these tales. The prevalence of
belief in the figures of Philippines mythology is strong in
the provinces.

5. • The stories of ancient Philippine mythology include deities, creation stories,
mythical creatures, and beliefs.
• Ancient Philippine mythology varies among the many indigenous tribes of the
Philippines.
• Some groups during the pre-Spanish conquest era believed in a single
Supreme Being who created the world and everything in it, while others chose
to worship a multitude of tree and forest deities (diwatas).
• Diwatas came from the Sanskrit word devata which means “deity“, one of the
several significant Hindu influences in the Pre-Hispanic religion of the ancient
Filipinos.

6. The Deities of Philippine Mythology are the gods, goddesses and
diwatas worshiped by ancient Filipinos before the Christianization
of the natives after the Spanish conquest of the Philippines.
While not as widely known as its European and Asian
counterparts, they have similar elements and characteristics when
compared to other mythologies.

7. Varies among the many indigenous tribes of the Philippines.
During the pre-Spanish era, some tribes believed in a single
supreme being who created the world and everything in it, along
with lesser deities. Others chose to worship a multitude of trees
as an act of animism. Today the Philippines have three religions,
animism in northern Luzon, Christianity in southern Luzon and in
visayas, and Islam in mindanao. Below are some of the gods and
goddesses of the various ancient Philippine tribes:

8. This section includes the deities of the Ancient Tagalogs from a
certain pantheon story. The first part on the next slides were the
residents of Kaluwalhatian (the Ancient Tagalog counterpart of
Christian’s Heaven).

9. ◦ The supreme god of being; creator of man
and earth and addressed sometimes as
Bathalang Maykapal. He dwells in Kaluwalhatian
together with the lesser gods and goddesses.
Aside from the lesser gods and goddesses, he
sent his anitos in order to assist the daily lives of
every human. When most of the natives were
converted to Christianity during the Spanish Era,
he was referred to the Christian God.

10. ◦ The ill-tempered god of the sea because
among of the first-generation gods (aside
from Bathala), he was never married after
his love was spurned by a beautiful mortal
maiden, Maganda. In frustration, he swore
vengeance against the humans by sending
turbulent waves and horrible tempests in
order to wreck boats and to drown men.

11. ◦ The goddess of labor and good deeds.
Natives used to call for her guidance in
order to make their works successful. She
married Dimangan and had two offspring.

12. The god of good harvest. He was
married to Idiyanale and had two
offspring.

13. The goddess of fertility and the most
understanding and kind of all the deities.
Also known as Ikapati, she was the giver
of food and prosperity. Her best gift to
mankind was agriculture (cultivated
fields). Through this, she was respected
and loved by the people. Later, she was
married to Mapulon and had a daughter.

14. The god of seasons and husband of
Lakapati of whom they had a
daughter.

15. ◦ The goddess of the moon and one of the
three daughters of Bathala by a mortal
woman. She was the most charming of all
the goddesses. She had two sisters, Tala and
Hanan.

16. ◦ The goddess of the stars; sister of Mayari
and Hanan and one of the three daughters
of Bathala by a mortal woman.

17. ◦ The goddess of morning; sister of Mayari
and Tala and one of the three daughters of
Bathala by a mortal woman.

18. ◦ The strong, agile guardian of mountains
and the son of Idiyanale and Dimangan. His
sister was Anitun Tabu. He later married
Anagolay.

19. ◦ The fickle-minded goddess of wind and rain. She was the
daughter of Idiyanale and Dimangan and the sister of
Dumakulem

20. ◦ The goddess of lost things and the only
offspring of Lakapati and Mapulon. She was
married to Dumakulem.

21. ◦ The god of sun and the chief patron of warriors. He was
the son of Anagolay and Dumakulem.

22. ◦ The goddess of love, conception and
childbirth and the protector of lovers. She
was the daughter of Anagolay and
Dumakulem and youngest of all the deities.
After the conversion of the natives to
Christianity during the Spanish Era, she was
then referred as Maria Makiling.

23. 1. Animism - is the belief that objects, places, and creatures all possess a
distinct spiritual essence
2. Supreme Being - God is conceived of as the supreme being, creator deity,
and principal object of faith.
3. Kaluwalhatian - the Ancient Tagalog counterpart of Christian’s Heaven.
4. Anito - also spelled anitu, refers to ancestor spirits, nature spirits, and
deities in the indigenous Philippine folk religions from the precolonial age
to the present.