During the Renaissance period from 1300 to 1600 AD, there were significant breakthroughs in many areas: In science, Copernicus proposed that the sun, not the Earth, was the center of the solar system, and Galileo discovered moons orbiting Jupiter. In religion, Martin Luther challenged the authority of the Catholic Church, leading to the Protestant Reformation and division of Christianity. In the arts, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael drew inspiration from ancient Greek and Roman cultures, and Shakespeare wrote dramatic works that have endured.