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The muscular
   system
Muscular System Overview




 Figure 11–3a An Overview of the Major Skeletal Muscles.


                      Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.,
                      publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Muscular System Overview




Figure 11–3b An Overview of the Major Skeletal Muscles.

                        Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.,
                        publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
TRAPEZIUS(   )
Lavator scapulae
Pectoralis & deltoid
subscapularis
Teres
LATISSIMUS DORSI




        -   -
-
Triceps brachii
Thenar muscles   :

                 Hypothenar muscles      :

Interosseous muscles                     :


           Lumbrical muscles             :
Palmaris brevis

Abductor digiti minimi

    Flexor digiti minimi

Opponens digiti minimi




Abductor pollicis brevis



      Adductor pollicis

   Flexor pollicis brevis

     Opppnens pollicis
Radial nerve
Median nerve




Digital nerve
Ulnar nerve

Guyon canal
/
RHOMBOID
Rhomboid strech
Psuas major
Muscular System Overview




Figure 11–3b An Overview of the Major Skeletal Muscles.

                        Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.,
                        publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Muscular System Overview




Figure 11–3a An Overview of the Major Skeletal Muscles.
                                       Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as
                                       Pearson Benjamin Cummings
-     –         Gluteal muscles
    Abducting
Gracilis

       Adductor longus

  Adductor brevis            •
                             •
Adductor magnus              •
                             •
   Pectineous                •
Adductor muscles
Video quadriceps and hamstring
-Biceps muscle




   Semitendinosus muscle




Semimembranosus muscle
Sartorius   -
Sartorius(   )
Sciatic nerve

         video
•
-
    Gastrocnemius muscle




                Soleus muscle



                    Plantaris
Tibialis
                           posterior muscle




   Flexor digitorum
                              longus muscle



Flexor hallucis lingus
                                    muscle

               Popliteus muscle
Yasi_8991@yahoo.com
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yoga anatomy-part2

Editor's Notes

  1. کمربند سینه ای
  2. بالا بردن کتف
  3. چرخش جانبی و نزدیک کردن بازوترس بزرگ=باز کردن بازو
  4. خم کردن ستون مهره /منقبض کردن دیواره شکمآشنايي با عضلات شكم آشنايي با عضلات شكم در اين قسمت فقط به ذكر عضلاتي مي پردازيم كه تقويت آنها بيشتر مدنظر است چرا كه بحث در مورد تمامي عضلات شكم از حوصله خارج است ونقش چنداني هم براي هدف اصلي ما ندارند . عضله راست شكمي عضله اي پهن و طويل است كه در جلوي شكم از استخوان جناغ شروع و به قسمت بالاي استخوان شرمگاهي متصل مي شود . هنگامي كه اين عضله منقبض مي گردد بدن به قسمت جلو خم مي شود . اگر به پشت روي زمين دراز بكشيد و بالا تنه را تا جايي كه ممكن است بدون آن كه مفصل لگن خاصره را حركت دهيد به سمت جلو بياوريد عضله راست شكمي به مقدار حداكثر منقبض مي شود . عضله مورب خارجي شكم اين عضله به طور مورب در دو طرف شكم قرار دارد . سر آن از ندنه هاي پاييني شروع مي شود و در تاج استخوان خاصره اي و رباط كشاله راني جاي مي گيرد . عضله مورب داخلي شكم اين عضله از استخوان لگن خاصره و رباط كشاله راني شروع مي شود و پس از عبور از زير عضله راست شكمي در فيبروس باند جاي مي گيرد . عضله عرضي شكمي الياف اين عضله پشت دو عضله مورب داخلي و خارجي ، در جهت عرضي يا افقي قرار دارد و وظيفه آن تقويت عمل دو عضله ياد شده است . با كشيدن شكم به سمت داخل اين عضله فعال مي شود . لازم است به مهمترين عامل خم كننده به پهلو يعني عضله مربع كمري نيز اشاره شود . اين عضله در دو طرف ستون مهره ها قرار دارد و وظيفه آن تقويت عمل عضلات شكمي است . عضله مربع كمري در خم شدن به دو طرف نقش مهمي دارد هنگامي كه به پشت روي زمين دراز مي كشيد انحنايي در مهره هاي كمر شما مشاهده مي شود اين انحنا مربوط به قوس طبيعي ستون فقرات است . در اين حالت اگر عضلات شكم باسن و پشت راني به حالت انقباض درآيند انحناي طبيعي از بين مي رود و پشت سطح زمين نزديكتر مي شود . اگر به سمت بالا باشد و زانوان خو باشند اين حالت آسانتر انجام مي گيرد . چند روش براي تقويت عضلات شكم متخصصان علم پزشكي در مورد روشهاي اندازه گيري ميزان تندرستي بر اين باورند كه وجود 2 تا 4 كيلوگرم چربي در اطراف تنه ممكن است مربوط به عواملي باشند كه سلامت انسان را به خطر مي اندازند : از قبيل بالا بودن ميزن كلسترول فشار خون و قند خون بنابراين بزرگي شكم احتمالاً نشانه اي آشكار است از اين كه شما از نظر داخلي و خارجي از حالت طبيعي خارج شده ايد . اگر تمرينات زير با رژيم غذايي و ورزش همراه شوند به طوري كه موجب سوختن كالري در بدن شوند به سفت شدن عضلات شكم مي انجامند . تمريني را انتخاب كنيد كه براي شما مناسب باشد .
  5. خم کردن ران در محل مفصل هیپ
  6. نزدیک کردن رانها به هم
  7. دور شدن و چرخش جانبی رانچرخش میانی در مفصل زانودور شدن ساق