Discovery of Cell, Components of a typical Animal Cell and its functions,

1. Animal Cells
OBJECTIVES
DISCUSSION
EVALUATION

2. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the discussion, the students will be expected to:
i. Identify the different parts of an animal cell and know their
functions.
ii. Draw and label its parts after the discussion.
iii. Give the importance in knowing the different parts of an
animal cell.

3.  1665, Robert Hooke examined thin slices
of cork and other plant materials
contained microscopic compartments; named it cells
 Anton Van Leeuwenhoek made further observations of
the cells of plants , animals and microorganisms
 Matthias Schleiden –all plants are composed cells
 Theodore Schwann– all animals are composed of cells
 Rudolf Virchow- proposed the cell theory
 1840,Purkinje named the cell contents protoplasm

4. 1.Nucleolus
2.Nucleus
3.Ribosome
4.Vesicle
5.Rough endoplasmic reticulum
6.Golgi apparatus (or "Golgi body")
7.Cytoskeleton
8.Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
9.Mitochondrion
10.Vacuole
11.Cytosol
12.Lysosome
13.Centrosome
14.Cell membrane

5.  largest structure in the nucleus
consists of nucleolar organizers,
ribosomal RNA, and proteins
Function:
primarily serves as the site of ribosome
synthesis and assembly.
.

6.  Notable structure within the cell
 The genetic control centre of the cell
-chromatin(network of dark-staining
threads)
 Surrounded by nuclear envelope
Function:
directs cell division
control protein synthesis
and many of the metabolic activities of
the cell

7.  The border of the cell
 About 8 nm thick
 A semi-permeable membrane
 Composed of proteins and lipids
Unit membrane Model-tripartite
arrangement of the plasma membrane
(protein-lipid-protein)

8. Fluid Mosaic model-
protein molecules penetrated into
the lipid layers and not continuous
in on the surface of lipid

9. Function:
It supports and protects the cell.
Regulates the movement of material in
and out of the cell
Facilitated diffusion- scattering of particles,
from high concentration to lower
concentration
Active transport- process resembling
facilitated diffusion in that it involves
association of molecules to be transported
with a membrane
area of low concentration to high
concentration
Pinocytosis- engulfing of particles

10. A large interconnecting membrane of
tunnels
Continuous with the nuclear envelope
Two types:
1. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- network of interconnected flattened
sacs
- is studded with ribosomes
Function:
to make protein( secretory protein),
to make more membrane channelling
products both to the outside of the cell, via
the membrane

11. 2.Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
 network of interconnected
tubules
 lack of ribomes
 Function: Synthesizing and
secreting of certain steroid
hormones, enzymes of
carbohydrate metabolism, and
enzymes of lipid synthesis.

12.  Named from Camillo Golgi, n
Italian biologist and physician
 A series of from 3 to 20 parallel
flattened sacs closely stacked
together, cisternae
 End of the sacs bud off various
vesicles
Function: receives and modifies and
packages the substances
manufactured by ER,

13.  Are spherical to rod- shaped
structures from 0.2 to 7µm; a
doubled layer membrane
 Cristae( complex folding of inner
membrane)
 Mobile structures, capable of
changing their shapes
 “powerhouse of the cell”
Function:
produced energy in the form of
ATP

14.  Produced by the rough ER and
the Golgi apparatus.
 Two Greek words, “breakdown
body”
 Are membrane bound, dense-
appearing structures that
contain enzymes( acid
hydrolases)
 Function: acts as waste –
disposal units, digesting and
removing foreign material
 “suicidal bag”

15.  enclosed compartments which
are filled with water containing
inorganic and organic
molecules including enzymes
in solution
 Function:
Digestion; storage of chemicals,
cell enlargement; water balance

16.  Tiny spherical structure
 Bodies in which the amino
acids are bound together
 Site of protein synthesis

17.  quite near the nucleus
 Inside of it is the centriole
 Centriole—
pair of small rod –like
structure
there are attached microtubules
in the wall
Function:
active in the process of cell
division( mitosis)

18.  an intracellular matrix that
supports cell shape and
function
 The matrix is a dynamic
structure composed of three
main proteins
 Has three components:
 microfilaments
 microtubules
 intermediate filaments,
Actin filaments are in red,
microtubules are in green,

19. Microtubules- tiny cylindrical
elements of animal cells about 20 to 25
nm in diameter
 composed of tubulins
 function: provide rigidity and
shape in one area
 Tracts for organelle movement within
the cell
 Basis of ciliary and flagellar
movement
Microtubules in gel
fixated cell

20. Microfilaments-smaller than
microtubules ranging in
diameter from 4 to 7 nm
 Solid helical rods composed of
actin
 Function:providing motive
force for cell contraction
amoeboid movement, and
possibly intracellular transport

21. Protoplasm that surrounds
the nucleus
A semi-liquid substance that
composes the foundation of the cell
Within the cytoplasm are a number
of different organelles

23. Biology: Concepts and Connections by Campbell, Mitchelle
and Reece
General Zoology by Storer,Usinger, Stibbens
E-biology: The Next Generation by Santos, Danac and
Ocampo
Biology for non-sience majors by Reyes et. Al
Wikipedia.org
Enchanted Learning.com