here it's presentation on water resources. their types and all details

1. Name: Vala Vivek B.
Enrollment no.: 150210119123
Subject: Environmental studies
Topic: Indian Scenario of Water
Resources

2. Glaciers,
Snow &
permafrost
1.725%
Ground
water
0.075%
Lakes,
swamps &
rivers
0.025%
Oceans
97.5%

3. (modified after Oki, 2005)
clear land
irrigate?
drain?
less ET?
less precip?

4. Annual average precipitation - 4000 BCM
Highly variable in space and time
- Minimum - 100 mm in Western Desert
- Maximum - 11000 mm in North Eastern
Region
Rainfall during June to September 3000 BCM
Average annual potential 1869 BCM
Utilizable Water Potential 1123 BCM -
Surface water – 690 BCM
- Ground water – 433 BCM

6. Reservoir Volume of water
(106 km³)
Percent
of total
Ocean 1370 97.25
Ice caps & glaciers 29 2.05
Groundwater 9.5 0.68
Lakes 0.125 0.01
Soil Moisture 0.065 0.005
Atmosphere 0.013 0.001
Streams & rivers 0.0017 0.0001
Biosphere 0.0006 0.00004

7. Water Resources Management
Water
supply &
sanitation
Irrigation
& drainage Energy
Environ-
mental
services
Infrastructure for
management of
floods and droughts,
multipurpose
storage, water quality
and source
protection
Institutional
framework
Management
instruments
Political economy of
water management
Other uses
including
industry
and
navigation
Water Resources – Many Uses, Many Users
…
7

8. 3. Without ‘riparian’ cooperation, water will
increasingly breed conflict
Riparian cooperation can catalyze
growth, economic integration & peace
1. The world’s water resources are under rapidly
growing pressure
Solutions can be found – although
costs will be high (‘economic scarcity’)
2. Without major water investments, many poor
economies cannot grow
De-linking rain from the economy is a
condition for growth, poverty eradication

9. Oceans
(71%)
Land
(29%)
Most
of the
Earth
is
covered
by water
“...water, water, every where
nor any drop to drink!”

10.  Groundwater irrigating about 60% of irrigated
area also important for agricultural
production.
 Concerns about groundwater are-
* over-exploitation in some areas
* under-utilization in large parts of
country