G10 earthquakes
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Earthquakes and Earthquakes in the Philippines
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G10 earthquakes
- 1. E PREPARED BY: JOHNEL VILLANUEVA ESPONILLA SCIENCE INSTRUCTOR G10 EARTH QUA K
- 2. Learning Competency Content standard Performance standard 1. Demonstrate ways to ensure disaster preparedness during earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. 2. Suggest ways by which he/she can contribute to government efforts in reducing damage due to earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. The relationship among the locations of volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and mountain ranges. Describe and relate the distribution of active volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and major mountain belts to Plate Tectonic Theory
- 3. LET’S LEARN!
- 4. WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE? An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one another.
- 5. WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE? The surface where they slip is called the fault or fault plane.
- 6. WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE? The location below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called the hypocenter
- 7. WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE? The location directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter.
- 8. WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE? Foreshocks are smaller earthquakes that happen in the same place as the larger earthquake that follows
- 9. WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE? The largest, main earthquake is called the mainshock.
- 10. WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE? Aftershocks are smaller earthquakes that occur afterwards in the same place as the mainshock.
- 11. CAUSE OF EARTHQUAKE AND WHERE THEY HAPPEN
- 12. CAUSE OF EARTHQUAKE AND WHERE THEY HAPPEN
- 14. CAUSE OF EARTHQUAKE AND WHERE THEY HAPPEN Earthquakes are recorded by instruments called seismographs.
- 15. SEISMOGRAPH
- 16. SEISMOMETER
- 17. CAUSE OF EARTHQUAKE AND WHERE THEY HAPPEN The recording they make is called a seismogram. The seismograph has a base that sets firmly in the ground, and a heavy weight that hangs free.
- 18. MEASUREMENT OF THE SIZE OF EARTHQUAKES Scientists use the seismogram recordings made on the seismographs at the surface of the earth to determine how large the earthquake was.
- 19. MEASUREMENT OF THE SIZE OF EARTHQUAKES The size of the earthquake is called its magnitude
- 20. MEASUREMENT OF THE SIZE OF EARTHQUAKES Scientists also talk about the intensity of shaking from an earthquake, and this varies depending on where you are during the earthquake.
- 33. WHY DOES THE EARTH SHAKES WHEN THERE IS AN EARTHQUAKE? The cartoon sketch of the seismograph shows how the instrument shakes with the earth below it, but the recording device remains stationary (instead of the other way around).
- 34. WHY DOES THE EARTH SHAKES WHEN THERE IS AN EARTHQUAKE? An example of a seismic wave with the P wave and S wave labeled.
- 35. WHY DOES THE EARTH SHAKES WHEN THERE IS AN EARTHQUAKE? P Waves alternately compress and stretch the crustal material parallel to the direction they are propagating. S Waves cause the crustal material to move back and forth perpendicular to the direction they are travelling.
- 36. HOW TO LOCATE AN EARTHQUAKE Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. The seismometers are shown as green dots. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. The location where all the circles intersect is the location of the earth.