Neo4j - How KGs are shaping the future of Generative AI at AWS Summit London ...
Communication, culture, hegemony 2
1. MODERNIZATION, CULTURE, HEGEMONY II
Jesús Martín Barbero: “From Nationalisms to
Transnationals”, in: Culture, Communication and
Hegemony
Sections 2 & 3:
The discontinuity between the State and the nation
Massification, social movements and populism
2. The path to “modernity”
1. Industrialize
2. Form an internal market
3. Bring manpower into an employed sector
4. Provide a better infrastructure
(transportation, communication)
3. The consequences of urban growth
Urban growth led to “mass societies with classes
and social groups in conflict with the dominant,
normative sectors of society.”
(Jesús Martín Barbero: 153)
4. New Nationalism & Modernization
Assimilation: “transforming the multiplicity of the
diverse cultures into a single aspiration, namely
the feeling of nationhood” (Barbero: 153).
Two assimilation strategies:
• Unification and centralization
• Strengthening the centre and the role of the state
5. New Nationalism & Modernization
Two patterns:
Industrialize to join the ‘civilized nations’ and adapt
-> Brazil, Chile
Desire to industrialize and underline the
uniqueness as a nation
-> Peru, Mexico
6. Nationalism => Homogenization
The local originality of a group was projected upon the
whole nation, or it was transformed into folklore.
In some cases, the cultural differences were used to
manifest or affirm a national consciousness.
7. The protagonist role of the State
In most Latin American countries the state controlled
politics at the expense of civil society.
This led to a purely instrumental democracy.
8. Massification, social movements and populism
Populism: a way to incorporate the
masses into the nation and to use the
masses to legitimate State power.
Mass-media
