Virology.Explain the make up and role of different complexes for .pdf

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Virology. Explain the make up and role of different complexes: for example the components of the spliceosome made up and its role. Solution Answer=1] components of spliceosome made up &its roles Spliceosome is large & compex molecular machine assembled from snRNAs & protein complexes 1] sn RNAs = it is composed of 5 small nuclear RNAs are U1,U2,U4,U5 ,U6 Roles - they participate in most RNA -RNA & RNA -Protein interactions 2] associated protein factors = snRNPs or small nuclear ribonucleoproteins are RNA protein complexes that combine with unmodified mRNA & various other proteins to form spliceosome 2] Multiprotein complex = is a group of 2 or more associated polypeptide chains example -proteasome - important for molecular degradation 3] Major histocompatibility compex (MHC )=set of cell surface proteins role- to bind antigen derived from pathogens & display them on the call surface for recognition by appropriate T cells.

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Describe briefly the means by which the U2AF splicing factor was identified and how its action as a constitutive splicing was confirmed. Solution Pre-mRNA splicing is catalyzed by the spliceosome, a multimegadalton ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex comprised of five snRNPs and numerous proteins. Intricate RNA-RNA and RNP networks, which serve to align the reactive groups of the pre-mRNA for catalysis, are formed and repeatedly rearranged during spliceosome assembly and catalysis. Both the conformation and composition of the spliceosome are highly dynamic, affording the splicing machinery its accuracy and flexibility, and these remarkable dynamics are largely conserved between yeast and metazoans. Because of its dynamic and complex nature, obtaining structural information about the spliceosome represents a major challenge. Electron microscopy has revealed the general morphology of several spliceosomal complexes and their snRNP subunits, and also the spatial arrangement of some of their components. X-ray and NMR studies have provided high resolution structure information about spliceosomal proteins alone or complexed with one or more binding partners. The extensive interplay of RNA and proteins in aligning the pre-mRNA\'s reactive groups, and the presence of both RNA and protein at the core of the splicing machinery, suggest that the spliceosome is an RNP enzyme. However, elucidation of the precise nature of the spliceosome\'s active site, awaits the generation of a high-resolution structure of its RNP core..

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Preferred typed anwer :) (It is hard to understand hand writing.. ) 1. List the three types of RNA and briefly describe their functions in protein synthesis. 2. In what structural ways are RNA and DNA similar? In what ways are they different? Solution Answer: 1. mRNA: mRNA is transcribed from a DNA template, and carries coding information to the sites of protein synthesis, the ribosomes. Here, the nucleic acid polymer is translated into a polymer of amino acids, a protein. tRNA: help decode the mRNA sequence. They transfer a specific amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation. rRNA: associates with a set of proteins to form ribosomes. They provide a mechanism for decoding mRNA into amino acids and to interact with the tRNAs during translation by providing peptidyl transferase activity. Basically acts as a coordinator for the actions of mRNA and tRNA. 2. Similarities between DNA and RNA: a. They both carry genetic information. b. They both consist of a sugar, nucleotide and a phosphate. c. They both are involved in protein synthesizing process. Difference: a. DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded. b. RNA has ribose whereas DNA has deoxy ribose. c. DNA is only found in the nuclues whereas RNA can be found both within and outside the nucleus. d. DNA contains the nucleotide thymine while RNA contains uracil instead of thymine. e. DNA is much longer than RNA..

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Discuss briefly and with examples, What key measures need to be taken in order for individuals to promote behavior change for better health? Provide references Solution Answer: The key measure are: 1. Spreading awareness for the hyegine through various communicational channels like print and other sources of media. 2. Making health development plan for the individuals and communicating these plans to them via the employer. 3. Making basic health care accessible to every one by introducing generic medicine in the health care. 4. Linking the family benefits via adoption of the health care plans. 5. Advertising the better of health care vigorously..

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Did BP respond in a manner that was appropriate with the oil spill to stockholders or did they take a stakeholder view? Solution Ans:- BP will take stakeholder view because they are the owner, so stakeholders are needed to give their view in oil spill. The BP oil spill released 4.9 million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico and caused a grave amount of damage to the surrounding areas both environmentally and economically. The states most impacted were Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Texas, and Florida. The main stakeholders in relation to the spill were the environment, wildlife, fisherman, the oil industry, and tourist- driven businesses and communities. Directly following the spill, BP set up The Gulf Coast Claims Facility (GCCF) which was later deemed not independent and later replaced by a court supervised settlement program which took the subjectivity of the eligibility out of the equation. Three years after the oil spill, BP announces that the compensation fund was running low but they would continue to pay the settlements from their profits. Yet BP attempts to stem the flow of incoming claims using several methods, including suing the court appointed administrator and appealing claims. In January 2013, BP pleads guilty to 11 counts of felony manslaughter, one count of felony obstruction of Congress, and violations of the Clear Water and Migratory Bird Treaty Acts. BP was sentenced to pay $4 billion in fines and penalties. The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill has shown that the regulation for spill prevention and response are not sufficient. As the oil companies will act in the best interest of themselves, it is the duty of the government to set regulation in place in the interest of the health and safety of its citizens. The government needs to act to create tighter controls on oil companies to decrease the likelihood of a repeat occurrence. Stakeholder theory simply states that the stakeholders of a company are not just its direct owners but that stakeholders are any person, group or entity that a corporation has “benefited or burdened by its actions and those who benefit or burden the firm with their actions” (Steiner, 2012; Miles, 2012). The first stakeholders impacted by the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill were the workmen on the rig itself. When the rig exploded 126 people were on the platform, only 115 were evacuated (Cleveland, 2010). After a three day search covering 5,200 miles, the Coast Guard called off the rescue operation stating that the period for “reasonable expectations of survival” had passed. Sadly, the 11 presumed dead members of the crew would not be the only ones impacted by this tragedy. Other major stakeholders include, the environment, the Gulf fishing industry, and tourist-dependent businesses and communities. The environment is always a stakeholder in oil spills. The environmental impact of an oil spill on sea organisms and their ecosystems has been well-documented. The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 mandates that a N.

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Describe and provide at least two examples of direct transmission of communicable diseases. Solution Answer: Direct transmission is the most widely recognized type of transmitting ailments and infection. There are two kinds of direct transmission of communicable diseases: immediate and backhanded. Coordinate direct transmission happens when there is physical direct between a tainted individual and a vulnerable individual. Coordinate direct contaminations spread when ailment causing microorganisms go from the tainted individual to the solid individual by means of direct physical direct with blood or body liquids. Diseases and can be separated into: immediate and circuitous. A case of direct transmitted microorganisms is nor viruses which are in charge of numerous gastrointestinal contaminations. Examples of direct transmission of communicable diseases: Touching, kissing, sexual direct, direct with oral emissions, or direct with body injuries. Direct is the most successive method of transmission of social insurance related. Coordinate direct transmission requires physical direct between a contaminated individual and a defenceless individual, and the physical exchange of microorganisms. Coordinate direct incorporates touching a contaminated individual, kissing, sexual direct, direct with oral emissions, or direct with body sores. This kind of transmission requires close direct with a tainted individual, and will for the most part happen between individuals from a similar family unit or dear loved ones. Infections spread only by coordinate direct can\'t get by for huge timeframes far from a host. Sexually transmitted illnesses are quite often spread through direct transmission of communicable diseases, as they are amazingly delicate to drying. 1. Individual to-individual contact : Irresistible ailments are regularly transmitted through direct individual to-individual direct. Transmission happens when a contaminated individual touches or trades body liquids with another person. This can occur before a contaminated individual knows about the sickness. Sexually transmitted maladies (STDs) can be transmitted thusly. 2. Bead spread : The splash of beads amid hacking and sniffling can spread an irresistible sickness. You can even taint someone else through beads made when you talk. Since beads tumble to the ground inside a couple of feet, this kind of transmission requires nearness. Irresistible maladies are transmitted from individual to individual by immediate or roundabout direct. Certain kinds of infections, microorganisms, parasites, and growths would all be able to cause irresistible illness. Jungle fever, measles, and respiratory ailments are cases of irresistible ailments. Diseases are : 1. TV 2. Chickenpox 3. Tuberculosis.

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Define VRIO in business strategy? Define VRIO in business strategy? Solution VRIO stands for value, rare, imitability, and organisation. It is a supporting structure that suggest the capability is likely to provide competetive advantage only if it viable .rare .and difficult to follow and supported by the organisation VRIO is a business analysis framework which forms part of larger strategic scheme.and their will be a cost disadvantage to a organisation which is trying to develop or acquire the resources.

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You are to write a C++ program to produce an inventory report for a local company. Your input will be item name, item number, quantity, price per item, safe stock value. YOU ARE TO USE ARRAYS AND FUNCTIONS. The output will be sent to a file. The following shows which columns the input will be in: item name item number quantity price safe stock 20 chars 5 char 3 char 6 chars 3 chars Output will be as follows: item number item name quantity price price*quantity %ofStock flag You will put a symbol in the flag field when the inventory quantity is less than the safe stock value. This tells the company that they are getting too low on this item and need to build up the stock. Print the report in sorted ordered, sorted on item number. Indicate the total value of the stock. Indicate the percentage of total inventory value to the total value of the highest single item in inventory. Print the item and its information. (Print this item again at the end of the table.) You must use the struct data structure and functions. Use ‘typedef’ for array declarations. Your input file will be found in invt.txt. invt.txt looks like this: Wong Batts 98723 243 6.45 200 Widgets No Two 83209 970 17.50 800 HumpBack Whale Songs 74329 42 23.70 50 Frozen Ice Cubes 73922 100 0.15 250 Plastic Ice Cubes 10044 450 0.60 540 Canned Solar Winds 23923 12 550.00 5 Sented Toe Jamm 18492 14 0.50 20 UnSented Toe Jam 18499 23 .74 20 Backwards Left Turns 87293 5 34.95 12 El Slick Slider 38324 15 225.00 18 Meals for Up Chuck 62042 20 16.50 24 Super House Cleaner 71083 14 69.85 18 Stars Dancing Shoes 23934 80 22.50 75 LowRider Briches 98744 138 45.95 125 HighRider Shoes 12283 372 35.95 400 Colored Pie Charts 51121 60 1.50 30 LensLess Saftey Glas 44433 22 2.10 35 Used Boat Anchors 73277 6 17.50 7 You are to write a C++ program to produce an inventory report for a local company. Your input will be item name, item number, quantity, price per item, safe stock value. YOU ARE TO USE ARRAYS AND FUNCTIONS. The output will be sent to a file. The following shows which columns the input will be in: item name item number quantity price safe stock 20 chars 5 char 3 char 6 chars 3 chars Output will be as follows: item number item name quantity price price*quantity %ofStock flag You will put a symbol in the flag field when the inventory quantity is less than the safe stock value. This tells the company that they are getting too low on this item and need to build up the stock. Print the report in sorted ordered, sorted on item number. Indicate the total value of the stock. Indicate the percentage of total inventory value to the total value of the highest single item in inventory. Print the item and its information. (Print this item again at the end of the table.) You must use the struct data structure and functions. Use ‘typedef’ for array declarations. Your input file will be found in invt.txt. invt.txt looks like this: Wong Batts 98723 243 6.45 200 Widgets No Two 83209 970 17.50 800 HumpBack Whale Songs.

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What are the eukaryotic kingdoms? Question 4 options: Bacteria, Archae Phylum, Class, Order Eukarya, Archaea, Bacteria Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals Bacteria, Archae Phylum, Class, Order Eukarya, Archaea, Bacteria Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals Solution Ans d protista fungi planta animalia All other options have one or more prokaryote. Organisms are divided into 3 major domains, archae, bacteria and eukaryota. Eukaryota is then divided into 4 kingdoms.

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What are some of the commonly seen WLAN devices? What role does each of them play in creating the WLAN network infrastructure? Solution What are some of the commonly seen WLAN devices? Ans:Access Point(AP),Bridges,Switch,Router,Gateway,Hub Access Point(AP):It connects wireless devices.It allows to user to have an access of network for communication. Bridege:It is used to connect network of different types.E.g.Ethernet bridge connects wired Ethernet network to wireless network. Switch:It allows to connect devices among each other using method of packet switching for send,receive and process of data. Router:It allows to forward packets from one computer to another.It does job of traffic management of network. Gateway:It is used to coonect to another network which uses another protocol.It routes traffic from inside of network to outside. Hub:It is common point where all devices are connected.In this hub,frame of data is broadcasted to each device.It doesnt matter whether frame is for particular computer or device.It just broadcasts..

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Using the header(dlist) and mainline file (dlistapp) below You are going to write public functions for a doubly linked list class. The dlist class is declared in the file dlist.h as follows: struct dlist_node { char contents; // contents in the node dlist_node *back, // pointer to previous node in the list *next; // pointer to the next node in the list }; typedef dlist_node* dptr; class dlist { private: dptr front, // pointer to the front of the list current; // pointer to current node in the list public: dlist (); // constructor creates an empty list void insert (char ch); // inserts a new node void remove (); // removes a node void Move_Right(int distance); // moves current right void Move_Left(int distance); // moves current left void print (); // prints the list }; The public functions that you need to define are: dlist (): Constructor that initializes the list to be empty. voidinsert (char ch): Adds a new node to the right of current containing ch and points current at the new node. Should insert first node correctly. void remove (): Removes the node from the list pointed to by current. Points current at the node after the deleted node (if present) else points current at the node before the deleted node (if present). Should remove last node correctly and recycle nodes. Should not fail if list is empty. void Move_Right (int distance): Moves current to the right distance nodes. If the given distance will move current off the end of the list, current should be set to point at the rightmost node. Should not fail if list is empty. void Move_Left (int distance): Moves current to the left distance nodes. If the given distance will move current off the end of the list, current should be set to point at the leftmost node. Should not fail if list is empty. void print (): Prints all the nodes in the list. The value pointed to by current should be printed in braces.print does not output any spaces or linefeeds. For example, if the data in the linklist represents CIS 361, the output would be : CIS 3{6}1 The dlistapp.cpp application file is coded except for the calls to the public functions. Add the calls as directed by the comments in the file. dlist.h dlistapp.cpp Sample run Select p (print), i (insert), d (delete), r (right), l (left) or q (quit): d Select p (print), i (insert), d (delete), r (right), l (left) or q (quit): r Enter the distance to move right: 10 Select p (print), i (insert), d (delete), r (right), l (left) or q (quit): l Enter the distance to move left: 2 Select p (print), i (insert), d (delete), r (right), l (left) or q (quit): p The list is: Select p (print), i (insert), d (delete), r (right), l (left) or q (quit): i Enter the character to insert: h front current Solution #include using namespace std; struct dlist_node { char contents; // contents in the node dlist_node *back, // pointer to previous node in the list *next; // pointer to the next node in the list }; typedef dlist_node* dptr; class dlist { private: dptr front, // po.

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TOPOLOGY 541 Let M be a set with two members a and b. Define the function D : M × M as follows: D(a,a) = D(b,b) = 0,D(a,b) = D(b,a) = r where r is a positive real number. Prove that (M, D) is a metric space. Solution Definition 1.1 (Metric). A metric, or distance function, on a set X is a mapping d : X × X R such that • d(x, y) 0 for all x, y X, and d(x, y) = 0 if and only if x = y. • d(x, y) = d(y, x) for all x, y X. • d(x, z) d(x, y) + d(y, z) for all x, y, z X. We call (X, d) a metric space. Definition 1.2 (Open ball). Let (X, d) be a metric space. For x X and > 0, the set Bd(x, ) defined by Bd(x, ) = {y X | d(x, y) < } is callen an open ball in the set X. Definition 1.3 (Open sets in metric spaces). Let (X, d) be a metric space and let U be any subset of X. Then U is called an open set in X if every point of U is an interior point of U; that is, for any a U, there is an open ball B(a, ) such that B(a, ) U. Definition 1.4 (Properties of open sets). Let (X, d) be a metric space. • and X are open. • The union of an arbitrary collection of open sets is open. • The intersection of a finite number of open sets is open. Definition 1.5 (Closed set). A subset A of a metric space (X, d) is closed if it’s complement X\\A is open in X. Definition 1.6 (Properties of closed sets). Let (X, d) be a metric space. • and X are closed. • The union of an finite collection of closed sets is closed. • The intersection of an arbitrary number of closed sets is closed. Definition 1.7 (Limit point of a subset). Let (X, d) be a metric space and let A be a subset of X. Then a point x in X is a limit point of A if every open ball B(x, ) contains at least one point of A. The set of all limit points of A is called the derived set A . Definition 1.8 (Closure of a set). Let (X, d) be a metric space and let A X. Then the set consisting of A and its limit points is called the closure of A, denoted A. A = A A Corollary 1.19. We note that A is dense in X if and only if for any x X and > 0, there is a point a A such that d(x, a) < . 1.2. Subspaces. Definition 1.20 (Open sets in a subspace). Let (X, d) be a metric space and (Y, dY ) be a metric subspace of (X, d). Let G be a subset of Y . Then G is open in Y if and only if, for any x G, there is an open ball B(x, ) in X such that B(x, ) Y G A subset H of Y is closed in Y if its complement G = Y \\H of H is open in Y . Theorem 1.21 (Open sets in a metric subspace). Let (Y, dY ) be a metric subspace of a metric space (X, d), and let G Y . Then G is open in Y if and only if there exists an open subset U in X such that G = U Y . 1.3. Convergence in a Metric Space. Definition 1.22 (Convergence). A sequence (xn) in a metric space (X, d) is said to converge to a point x X if for any > 0, there exists N such that n > N implies d(xn, x) < The point x is called a limit of the sequence (xn) Corollary 1.23. A sequence (xn) in a metric space (X, d) is said to converge to a point x X if any open ball B(x, ) contains almost all xn. Theorem 1..

TOPOLOGY 541Let M be a set with two members a and b. Define the fu.pdf

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These are the outputs which should match they are 4 of them :- output 1 - output 2 - output 3 - output 4 - Here is the Assingment5.java file can make changes to it :- You are required, but not limited, to turn in the following source files: Assignment5.java (Download this file and use it as your driver program for this assignment. You need to add more codes to complete it.) Soup.java SoupInBox.java SoupInCylinder.java SoupParser.java Requirements to get full credits in Documentation The assignment number, your name, StudentID, Lecture number/time, and a class description need to be included at the top of each class/file. A description of each method is also needed. Some additional comments inside of methods (especially for a \"main\" method) to explain code that are hard to follow should be written. You can look at Java programs in the text book to see how comments are added to programs. Skills to be Applied In addition to what has been covered in previous assignments, the use of the following items, discussed in class, will probably be needed: Inheritance The protected modifier The super Reference Abstract class NumberFormat/DecimalFormat Wrapper classes ArrayList Program Description Class Diagram: In Assignment #5, you will need to make use of inheritance by creating a class hierarchy for vehicles. Soup is an abstract class, which represents the basic attributes of any soup in a container to be sold. It is used as the root of the soup hierarchy. It has the following attributes (should be protected): Attribute name Attribute type Description volume int The volume of the soup unitPrice double The price per unit of the soup totalPrice double The total price of the soup soupId String The Id of the soup The following constructor method should be provided to initialize the instance variables. publicSoup(String id, double someUnitPrice) The instance variable volume is initialized to 0, totalPrice is initialized to 0.0, unitPrice is initialized to the value of the second parameter, and soupId is initialized to the string value of the first parameter. The following accessor method should be provided for soupId : publicString getSoupId() The Class Soup also has an abstract method (which should be implemented by its child classes, SoupInCylinder and SoupInBox) to compute the volume of the soup: publicabstract void computeTotalPrice(); The following public method should be provided: publicString toString() toString method returns a string of the following format: \ The SoupId:\\t\\ttomatosoup591\ The Volume:\\t\\t150\ The Unit Price:\\t\\t0.0015\ The Total Price:\\t$330.00\ \ You should make use of the NumberFormat class and DecimalFormat (in java.text package) to format the total price in the dollar format (NumberFormat) and the unit price using 4 digits after their decimal point (DecimalFormat using \"0.0000\"). SoupInCylinder class SoupInCylinder is a subclass of Soup class. It represents a soup in a can (cylinder). It has the following attribute in.

These are the outputs which should match they are 4 of them -outp.pdf

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The test solution is made basic and drops of 0.1 M Ca(NO3)2 are adde.pdf

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The selection of officials in which of the following branches of the national government is least consistent with the ideal of democracy, or popular sovereignty? The The The The d A. the judiciary B. The executive C. The legislature d. The federalaa. TheB. TheC. The The d A. the judiciary B. The executive C. The legislature d. The federal Solution WHAT ARE THE ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PRINCIPLES OF CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY? CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY is the antithesis of arbitrary rule. It is democracy characterized by: A. POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY. The people are the ultimate source of the authority of the government which derives its right to govern from their consent. B. MAJORITY RULE AND MINORITY RIGHTS. Although \"the majority rules,\" the fundamental rights of individuals in the minority are protected. C. LIMITED GOVERNMENT. The powers of government are limited by law and a written or unwritten constitution which those in power obey. D. INSTITUTIONAL AND PROCEDURAL LIMITATIONS ON POWERS. There are certain institutional and procedural devices which limit the powers of government. These may include: 1. SEPARATED AND SHARED POWERS. Powers are separated among different agencies or branches of government. Each agency or branch has primary responsibility for certain functions such as legislative, executive, and judicial functions. However, each branch also shares these functions with the other branches. 2. CHECKS AND BALANCES. Different agencies or branches of government have adequate power to check the powers of other branches. Checks and balances may include the power of judicial reviewÀ\"Àthe power of courts to declare actions of other branches of government to be contrary to the constitution and therefore null and void. 3. DUE PROCESS OF LAW. Individual rights to life, liberty, and property are protected by the guarantee of due process of law. 4. LEADERSHIP SUCCESSION THROUGH ELECTIONS. Elections insure that key positions in government will be contested at periodic intervals and that the transfer of governmental authority is accomplished in a peaceful and orderly process. C. The legislature.

The selection of officials in which of the following branches of the.pdf

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the distance between the N-terminal and C-ternimal amino acids varies from random polymers 02= root 2L where r is the radius of the polymer and L is the length in number of monomers by-- -----? A. By just the random walk mathematics B the alpha helicies C the beta sheets. D all of above E B and C only The answer is not E Solution Ans) A. By just the random walk mathematics. Fundamental of all proteins familiar to crease kinetically in a both-state process have their N- and C-terminal subordinate structural component in communication, and the terminal components often dock as fragment of the exploratory measurable beginning folding step..

the distance between the N-terminal and C-ternimal amino acids varie.pdf

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