From Lookup to Learning: Search as a Long-term Activity – ECIR 2011

Tyler Tate
Tyler TateCo-founder & CEO at Crema.co
From Lookup to Learning




by Tyler Tate, TwigKit
photo by Peter Kaminski
Document               Information
Document                    Query
           Representation              Need




       Classic information retrieval
Iterative information seeking
"The query is satis ed not by a single nal
retrieved set, but by a series of selections of
individual references and bits of information
at each stage of the ever-modifying search."
     – Marcia Bates
Lookup




A hierarchy of information interaction
Learn



             Lookup




A hierarchy of information interaction
Investigate



              Learn



             Lookup




A hierarchy of information interaction
Investigate

                         Explore

              Learn



             Lookup




A hierarchy of information interaction
Investigate

                         Explore

              Learn



             Lookup




A hierarchy of information interaction
The learning process
1     2      3      4      5   6
uncertainty
apprehension




               The learning process
     1           2      3      4      5   6
Selection
    optimism




    The learning process
1       2       3   4      5   6
Selection   Exploration
                 confusion
                uncertainty
                   doubt




    The learning process
1       2            3        4   5   6
Selection   Exploration Formulation
                            confidence




    The learning process
1       2           3            4        5   6
Selection   Exploration Formulation Collection




    The learning process
1       2           3            4            5      6
Selection   Exploration Formulation Collection




    The learning process
1       2           3            4            5      6
Selection   Exploration Formulation Collection




    The learning process
1       2           3            4            5      6
?
How can we help users learn?
Explore
Personalised recommendations
Flexible ltering
Re- nd
Recently viewed items
Recently viewed items
Organise
Organise recipes into a meal plan
Compare
Side-by-side product comparison
Annotate
Comment on and rate saved properties
Monitor
Email alerts
Collaborate
Collaborative bookmarking
Lookup is only one dimension of search

Learning & investigating are long-term activities

Each step of the learning process has its own set
of challenges & opportunities

Help users explore, re- nd, organise, compare,
annotate, monitor, and collaborate.
✴ Gary Marchionini, Exploratory Search: From
  Finding to Understanding, 2006
✴ Carol C. Kuhlthau, Inside the Search Process:
  Information Seeking from the User’s
  Perspective, 1991
✴ Ann Blandford and Simon Att eld, Interacting
  with Information, 2010
✴ Marcia Bates, The Design of Browsing and
  Berrypicking Techniques for the Online Search
  Interface, 1989
From Lookup to Learning




by Tyler Tate, TwigKit
photo by Peter Kaminski
1 of 37

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From Lookup to Learning: Search as a Long-term Activity – ECIR 2011