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From Lookup to Learningby Tyler Tate, TwigKitphoto by Peter Kaminski

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?What is learning?

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learn•ing n | the activity of obtaining knowledge

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Document InformationDocument Query Representation Need Classic information retrieval

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Iterative information seeking

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"The query is satis ed not by a single nalretrieved set, but by a series of selections ofindividual references and bits of informationat each stage of the ever-modifying search." – Marcia Bates

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LookupA hierarchy of information interaction

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Lookup

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Recognise theneed for information Lookup

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Formulate the query Lookup

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Run the query Lookup

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Review the resultsLookup

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?Lookup

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LookupA hierarchy of information interaction

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Investigate Learn LookupA hierarchy of information interaction

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Investigate Explore Learn LookupThree types of search activities

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The information seeking process

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INITIATION FACILITATION INTERPRETATION The information seeking process

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INITIATION FACILITATION INTERPRETATION The information seeking process 1 2 3 4 5 6

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INITIATION FACILITATION INTERPRETATION The information seeking process 1 2 3 4 5 6

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INITIATION FACILITATION INTERPRETATION The information seeking process 1 2 3 4 5 6

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INITIATION FACILITATION INTERPRETATION Selection The information seeking process 1 2 3 4 5 6

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INITIATION FACILITATION INTERPRETATION Selection Exploration The information seeking process 1 2 3 4 5 6

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INITIATION FACILITATION INTERPRETATION Selection Exploration Formulation The information seeking process 1 2 3 4 5 6

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INITIATION FACILITATION INTERPRETATION Selection Exploration Formulation Collection The information seeking process 1 2 3 4 5 6

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INITIATION FACILITATION INTERPRETATION Selection Exploration Formulation Collection The information seeking process 1 2 3 4 5 6

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Explore

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Personalised recommendations

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Flexible ltering

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Related searches

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Re- nd

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Recently viewed items

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Recently viewed items

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Organise

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Organise recipes into a meal plan

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Compare

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Side-by-side product comparison

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Annotate

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Comment on and rate saved properties

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Monitor

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Email alerts

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Collaborate

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Collaborative bookmarking

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?How can you better help your users learn?

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✴ Gary Marchionini, Exploratory Search: From Finding to Understanding, 2006✴ Carol C. Kuhlthau, Inside the Search Process: Information Seeking from the User’s Perspective, 1991✴ Ann Blandford and Simon Att eld, Interacting with Information, 2010✴ Marcia Bates, The Design of Browsing and Berrypicking Techniques for the Online Search Interface, 1989

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From Lookup to Learningby Tyler Tate, TwigKitphoto by Peter Kaminski