6. "The query is satis ed not by a single nal
retrieved set, but by a series of selections of
individual references and bits of information
at each stage of the ever-modifying search."
– Marcia Bates
45. ✴ Gary Marchionini, Exploratory Search: From
Finding to Understanding, 2006
✴ Carol C. Kuhlthau, Inside the Search Process:
Information Seeking from the User’s
Perspective, 1991
✴ Ann Blandford and Simon Att eld, Interacting
with Information, 2010
✴ Marcia Bates, The Design of Browsing and
Berrypicking Techniques for the Online Search
Interface, 1989
46. From Lookup to Learning
by Tyler Tate, TwigKit
photo by Peter Kaminski