Experience with PCV3: Impact in Suckling Piglets - Dr. Steve Stone, from the 2018 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 15-18, 2018, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2018-leman-swine-conference-material

1. Experience With
PCV3:
Impact in suckling
piglets
LEMAN
CONFERENCE
STEVEN J. STONE
DVM.
FAIRMONT
VETERINARY CLINIC
SEPTEMBER 18, 2018

2. Experience With PCV3
 Herd Overview
3500 head sow farm
PRRS positive/stable (Nov 2016 1-7-4)
Mycoplasma positive
Farm expansion with first gilts entering in
April of 2016.

3. The Face Of PCV3

4. Experience With PCV3
Timeline
 Feb 2018, first signs of PCV3.
 Clinical signs seen in piglets 2-10 days old
 Clinically appeared like PRRS
 Pale to icteric skin
 Rough hair coat
 Ears pinned back
 Hump back in some pigs

5. Experience With PCV3
Timeline
February 6, 2018
 PRRS PCR neg on blood samples
 2 – 10 day old
 Surprised by results
 Add more tests, PCV?
 PCV3 positive
 PCV2 negative

8. Experience With PCV3
Timeline
February 20, 2018
 Revisit farm
 Clinical signs seen in 5-23 day old pigs.
 2-3% of pigs affected
 Sows showing no clinical signs.
 Dr. Rossow requested tissue for
sampling.
 “Kitchen sink”

9. Experience With PCV3
 Postmortem exam
 5 day old piglets
 Thin non-clotting blood 1 of 4 pigs.
 Pneumonia, heavy wet lungs 2 of 4.
 Edema on heart, 2 of 4 pigs.
 Edema around spiral colon 4 of 4.
 Stomachs full, 4 of 4 pigs.

10. Experience With PCV3
 Postmortem exam
 23 day old piglets
 Similar blood, pneumonia and heart
lesions.
 Friable liver, septicemia, 1 of 4 pigs.
 Fibrin in abdominal cavity 2 of 4 pigs.
 Stomach 1/3 - 1/2 full.

11. Experience With PCV3
 Lab results; University of Minnesota
 All samples PCV3 PCR positive
 Bone marrow, brain, heart, spinal
cord, stomach and tissue
homogenate.
 Ct range from 18-37
 Generally lower Ct values in older
pigs.

12. Experience With PCV3
 Lab results; University of Minnesota
 PCV3 Histology
 Systemic lymphoplasmacytic
periarteritis
 Tissue involved, spleen, kidney,
spinal cord, brain, duodenum, colon,
mesenteric LN (vascular plexus) and
skeletal muscle.
 More pronounced in older pigs.

13. Experience With PCV3
 Lab results; University of Minnesota
 PCV2 PCR positive
 3 of 4 positive in 5 day old pigs
 1 of 4 positive in 23 day old pigs
 Ct range 12-37
 Lowest Ct found in the heart &
spinal cord

14. Experience With PCV3
 Lab results; University of Minnesota
 PCV2 Histology
 Myocarditis
 Some lesions consistent with in-utero
infection
 More pronounced in younger pigs.

15. Experience With PCV3
 Lab results; University of Minnesota
 Clostridium perfringens
 Found in 5-day old,
 4 of 4 samples.
 Important later!!

16. Experience With PCV3
 Lab results; University of Minnesota
 PRRS, SIV, Rotavirus A, B & C,
Seneca virus A, and Salmonella all
Negative

17. Experience With PCV3
Timeline
May 1, 2018
 Visual clinical signs of PCV3
considerably less.
 Noted one litter of 10 day old pigs
vomiting. Several days later this
increased with pasty diarrhea
 Clostridium perfringens confirmed.
 7-10% of litters affected.

18. Experience With PCV3
Timeline
June 26, 2018
 Clostridium perfringens clinical signs
now in 20 day old pigs.
 Struggle with wean weights

19. Experience With PCV3
Timeline
July 25, 2018
 Clostridium perfringens clinical signs is
gone, wean weights improve to normal
weights.

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Percent
Free Pigs

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POUNDS Wean Weight

22. Experience With PCV3
Timeline
August 9, 2018
 Diarrhea seen in piglets 3-12 days old
 “PCV3 looking” pigs found in farrowing,
low numbers.
 Sow status

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PERCENT Conception Rate

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Percent Farrowing Rate

25. Experience With PCV3
Herd Interventions
 NOTHING for 6 months.
 August 31, 2018
 Whole herd Circo/Myco booster.
 Circo booster at gilt selection.

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TOTAL BORN

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LIVEBORN

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Stillbornperlitter STILLBORN

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MummifiedperLitter MUMMIFIED

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PercentperLitter Pre-Wean Mortality

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PigsweanedperSowFarrowed Pigs Weaned

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Parity Average Sow Parity

35. Summary
 Clinical
picture
similar to
PRRS

36. Summary
 Trend lower for
Total born
Live born
Pigs weaned
Wean weight

37. Summary
Trend higher for
Still born
NIPs
Mummified pigs

38. Summary
 Stable trends
Conception rate
Farrowing rate

43. Clinical Impressions
SUBTLE
FOR 6
MONTHS
ROLLER
COASTER
RIDE FOR
THE LAST
3
PIGS W-F HAVE
DONE
SURPRISINGLY
WELL.
HIT HARD IS
LATERAL
INTRODUCTION
OF PRRS/SIV

44. Clinical
Impressions
Opinion, clinical signs will continue,
possibly affect W-F more
Did whole herd vaccination solve the
issue, short term effect, too early to tell

45. Questions?

55. Conclusion
Piglet quality has been up and down for 6 months.
Good then below average. REPEAT
No explanation for Clostridium outbreak
No explanation for Clostridium resolving