Smart & Inclusive City

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tofazzolhussain@gmail.com
What Makes Dhaka a Smart and Inclusive City
Date: 19th October, 2017

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Smart City Concepts
Smart Governance and
Smart Education
Smart
Citizen
Smart
Healthcare
Smart
BuildingSmart
Energy
4G
Smart
Mobility
Smart
Technology
Smart Infrastructure
Note: Smart Security is included as a part of Smart Infrastructure segment in this illustration.
Short-Video on Smart City Concept
Smart cities are cities built on
‘Smart’ and ‘Intelligent’ solutions and
technology.

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Key Parameters of a Smart City
Smart Energy: Digital Management
of Energy
Smart Building: Automated
Intelligent Building
Smart Technology: Seamless
Connectivity
Smart Infrastructure: Digital
Management of Infrastructure
• 4G Connectivity
• Super Broadband
• Free WiFi
• 1GB Download Speed
Smart Mobility: Intelligent Mobility
• Building Automation
• Intelligent Building:
Advanced HVAC, Lighting
Equipment
• Advanced Traffic
Management System
(ATMS)
• Parking Management
• ITS Enabled
Transportation Pricing
System
• Smart Grid
• Smart Meters
• Intelligent Energy
Storage
• Sensor Networks
• Digital water and waste
Management
Smart Governance & Smart
Education: Govt. On The Go
• E-Government
• E-Education
• Disaster Management
Solutions
Smart HealthCare: Intelligent
Healthcare Technology
• Use of e-health and m-
Health Management
Systems
• Intelligent & Connected
Medical Devices
Smart Citizens: Civic Digital
Natives
• Use of Green Mobility
Options
• Smart Lifestyle Choice
Smart Security: Next
Generation 911
• Surveillance
• Biometrics
• Simulation Modeling &
Crime Protections
• C2 & Response

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Smart City Dimensions
System Elements Instrumentation Interconnection Intelligence
City services
• Public service
management
• Local government
administration
• Establishment of local
authority management
information system
• Interconnected service
delivery
• Immediate and
joined-up service
provision
People
• Health and education
• Public safety
• Government services
• Patient diagnostic and
screening devices
• Interconnect records for
doctors, hospitals and
other health providers
• Patient driven pre-
emptive care
Business • Business environment
• Administrative
burdens
• Data gathering on use
of specific online
business services
• Interconnect
stakeholders across
city’s business system
• Customized service
delivery for
businesses
Transport
• Cars, roads
• Public transport
• Airports, seaports
• Measuring traffic flows
and toll use
• Integrated traffic,
weather and traveller
information services
• Real-time road
pricing
Communication
• Broadband, wireless
• Phones, computers
• Data gathering via
mobile phones
• Interconnect mobile
phones, fixed line,
broadband
• Information for
consumers on city
services in real
time, on their own
time
Water
• Sanitation
• Freshwater supplies
• Seawater
• Gather data for water
quality monitoring
• Interconnect
businesses, ports,
energy users of water
• Real-time quality,
flood and drought
response
Energy
• Oil, gas
• Renewable
• Nuclear
• Fit sensors to gather
data on usage across
the energy system
• Interconnect appliances
and devices between
energy consumers and
providers
• Optimise the use of
the system and
balance use across
time

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▪ The most sustainable sites are
used for development.
▪ Environmentally sensitive
areas are protected and
conserved.
▪ Key ecological assets of the
site (e.g. rivers, wetlands,
lakes, forests) are valorized.
Land Use Planning
▪ Combination of techniques,
estheticism, durability and
energy saving, bioclimatic
design of the building is
considered.
▪ Renewable energy systems
are installed on various parts
of buildings.
Green Buildings and
Energy Conservation
▪ The risk of different natural or
man-made calamities are
needed to be taken into
account.
▪ Appropriate measures are to
be ensured to mitigate these
risks.
Disaster Risk Reduction
▪ Buildings should be fitted with
water efficient plumbing and
appliances.
▪ Rainwater harvesting systems
may be integrated in the
design of buildings to collect
rainwater from roof as well as
site runoff.
Water Efficiency and
Recycling
▪ Focus on reducing the volume
of waste directed to landfills
based on the 3Rs (Reduce,
Reuse & Recycle) approach.
Waste Management
▪ Walking and cycling may be
encouraged as a mode of
travelling by providing the
necessary facilities.
▪ Carpooling/sharing may be
promoted.
Sustainable Transport
Environmental Parameters of a Smart City

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Smart City Platform

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Smart City Digital Eco-System
Smart City
Hub

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Information Technology As A Tool To Develop Smart Cities
IOT in Smart
City
Smart Waster Management
Sensors in waste bin and garbage
trucks
Environment Monitoring
Multiple sensors
Outdoor Parking
Management
Parking sensors
Smart Citizens
Crowd sensing
Guidance to Free Parking
Lots
Panels located at intersections
Traffic Intensity Monitoring
Device located at main entrance of
the city
River Monitoring
Water quality and flood warning
• Temperature
• CO
• Noise
• Car Presence
• User generated feedback with
smartphones that help to make
citizens better
• GPS
• Infra-red-sensors
• Ferromagnetic Sensor
• Water level
• Weather
• Flow sensors
• pH sensors
• Taking information retrieved by
the deployed parking sensors in
order to give drivers toward
available free parking lots
• Measures main traffic parameters
• Traffic volumes
• Road occupancy
• Vehicle speed
• Queue length

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Smart Governance and Smart Security—Government-on-the-Go
Smart governance and smart security includes rolling out of policies and digital services from the
government that help and support adoption of green and intelligent solutions through incentives,
subsidies, or other forms of promotional schemes.
▪ 100% of access to govt. services through digital technologies
▪ e-Administration
▪ Online Transactions (e-Filing of tax returns)
▪ Virtual Classrooms
▪ Distance Learning
▪ Computer-based Training
▪ Reduction in Crime Rate
▪ Urban Security
▪ Critical Infrastructure Protection
▪ ID Management and Cyber Security

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Government Will Reap Long Term Benefits By Investing In Smart Cities
▪ Technological
innovation will reduce
cost including
transportation, energy,
water, security etc. by
introducing smarter
concepts.
▪ For example: Schneider
Smart Solutions result
in 40% lower energy
consumption due to
LED type signal lights
and 15% reduction of
water losses.
Cost Savings
▪ Building of smart cities
with investor friendly
policies and easy
norms will increase
FDI investments.
▪ Rise in tourism,
expansion of industries
will lead to higher GDP
contribution from
smart cities.
Revenue
Generation
▪ Smart environment,
health, transportation,
waste management
and energy will
contribute to a better
living.
▪ More employment will
be created in the fields
of IT professionals,
data analytics,
consulting, system
integration, IoT etc.
▪ Smart education
through distance
learning will help in
increasing the reach of
education.
Sustainability

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Funding Mechanism
Smart City Funding Mechanisms
40%
37%
22%
1%
Special Development Funds
Public - Private Partnerships
Self - Financing (Majority)
Private Investment
Smart City Market: Most Adopted Funding Mechanisms for Smart City Projects
Special
Development
Funds
Public-Private
Partnerships
Self-
Financing
(Majority)
Private
Investment
Special Funds Set up for
implementing & Scaling up for
urban development (e.g.,
European Commission
“JESSICA’’)
Funded and Operated through a
partnership of government and
one or more private sectors
companies (e.g., Cisco-Songdo
Partnership)
Self-Financing of smart city
projects from public budget in
collaboration with state
government (e.g., Seoul Smart
City)
Finance through commercial
stakeholders , service providers,
private investors and venture
capitalists (Amsterdam Smart City
Platform)

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International Smart City - Amsterdam
IBM, Cisco, Accenture, Philips, Vodafone are coming together to power Amsterdam Smart City.

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Regional Smart City - Singapore
Singapore aims to have 80% of all its buildings meet its minimum ‘Green Mark Certified' energy
efficiency standards by 2030

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Emerging Smart Cities in India
Smart Governance
Bhopal
Bhopal municipal corporation partnered with
SAP to automate public service offerings
Smart Energy
Ghaziabad
Wave city installed light detectors to trigger
street lights automatically
Smart Transportation
Visakhapatnam
Setting up surveillance sensor
cameras at 94 junctions to
regulate traffic in the city
Smart Health
Chennai
Sankara Nethralaya in collaboration with TCS
has kept all electronic medical records
Smart Education
Tamil Nadu
4 schools using Windows tablet that ca use
NCERT application with cloud storage abilities
Smart IT & Communication
Bangalore
Cisco has partnered with ELCIA to establish an
IOT innovation hub
Smart Environment
Mumbai
Palava smart city to re-use 80% of household
and city waste
Smart Building
Gujrat
GIFT smart city will monitor building
functions such as lighting, heating,
unit failure etc..

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Making Dhaka a Model Smart City

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Population Demography of Dhaka City
18 mn in 2016
Population1
4.2% annually
Population Growth2
23,234 /sq km
Population Density3
❖ Dhaka is the most populated city in Bangladesh
❖ Like many other metropolises in the world, the
growing population has led to an increase in
pollution, congestion and poverty, amongst other
problems.
❖ Migration from rural areas of the country to urban
Dhaka is a strong contributor to the population
growth.
❖ Rural migration accounts for almost 60% of the
population growth.
❖ In 1950, the population of Dhaka was 336,000.
❖ By 2050, Dhaka will be the third most populous city of
the world with about 35 million residents.

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Drainage & Sewerage System of Dhaka City
Current system comprises of several retention and
detention areas including canals, which are linked to
the surrounding rivers of Dhaka city.
Current System
Problems of Current System
• Disruption of Traffic Movement
• Disruption of Normal Life
a Social Problem
• Damage of Infrastructure
• Damage of Structures
b Physical Problem
• Increase of Water Born Diseases
• Reduce Aquatic Habitats
c Environmental Impact
• Increase of Cost
• Loss of Income Potential
d Economic Problem
The idea behind smart drainage system is to use
cost effective technological solutions with low
environmental impact to drain away waste water.
Smart System
How It Operates
The sensors detect
elevated flow levels of
drainage and clogging.
Wireless sensors are
placed inside of the
manholes of drainage
channels.
Then they communicate
the water level data to the
concerned authority via
Gateways.
The concerned authority
will take necessary
measures based on
sensors’ data.

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Traffic Management System of Dhaka City
Under the current system traffics of Dhaka city are
largely managed manually by the traffic police.
Current System
Problems of Current System
Wastage of valuable time and energy
a
Threat to health due to uncontrolled
vehicle emission
b
Less efficiency in various fields like
business
c
Negative impact on production and
economy
d
A system where centrally-controlled traffic signals
and sensors regulate the flow of traffic through the
city in response to demand.
Smart System
How It Works
There are three components: traffic lights, queue
detectors buried in the road and/or cameras, and a
central control system.
The system in turn
controls the lights to
maintain a free flow of
traffic within the city.
The queue detectors tell
the control system the
state of traffic flow on all
the main roads in the city.

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Smart City Development Framework
Define Sector Wise
Problems
Housing Transportation Education Healthcare EnvironmentIndustry BusinessICT
Calculate
Net
Benefits
Think about
Alternative
Solutions
Estimate Policy Cost
& Benefits
Predict
Policy
Responses
Predict
Baseline
Conditions
Implement
the Policy
Identify
Policy
Solutions

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Opportunities and Challenges to Make Dhaka Smart
Key Challenges
• Water-logging during monsoon
• Waste and waste water
management
• Traffic System
• Funding and Investment
shortage in this sector
• Reducing energy dependency
• Reduce air pollution
• Impact of global warming and
climate change
• Bureaucracy and corruption
Required Facilities
• Connected system for all public
services
• Synchronization among
authorities involved in public
works (e.g., WASA, PDB,
BTCL etc.)
• Bus Rapid Transit System
• Bypass for inter-city transports
• Climate resilient infrastructure
• Better governance and more
effective institutions
• Engagement of citizens
through the use of e-
government initiative
• Peaceful political environment
• Citizen-centric transparent
policy
Development Areas
• Waste Management
• Ensuring efficient
transportation system
• Power generation and
utilization efficiency
• IT infrastructure and
• Traffic control and surveillance
• Digital literacy of the citizens
• Public awareness about smart
concepts
• Access to technology and
information
• Execution challenge
• Land and water utilization
efficiency
• Innovation and Knowledge
partnerships
• Security and crime control

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Government Initiatives and Future Plans
Future Plans
• Purbachal, a satellite town of
Dhaka, is going to be built as a
smart city from ground up
• Vision 2021’s Digital Bangladesh
plan is in motion to make ICT an
integral part of every citizen's life,
including urban population
Existing Initiatives
• Smart NID Cards
• free Wi-Fi in public places
• Metrorail project to improve traffic
movement
• Online tendering
• Online service for public facilities
like passports, registration for
jobs abroad, registration for
university admission, online bill
payments, online banking, online
tax return submission

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Gains from “Smart City” Dhaka
Better Education and Knowledge partnerships
Better transportation service (people will be able to move around the city within
shortest possible time)
Improved crime management and safer city
Adequate recreation facilities in terms of parks, play grounds, theaters etc.
Cleaner city environment including air, water and public places
Time and cost savings for the citizens
Inclusive development towards sustainable city

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Implementation Of A Smart City
Capturing masses of data
from Smart cameras, Smart
lights and different
monitoring sensors as well
as social network and
people.
The Facial recognition with
help of Artificial Intelligence
can predict the criminal and
the victim by real time crime
analysis and with help of
investing agencies.
And the victim can be
alerted on the smart city
app on phone or on
wearable tech before crime
occurs.
Different sensors detect live
traffic conditions & send
data over network for
analysis.
Analytics identify sudden
changes in traffic conditions
signalling likely traffic
incidents.
Traffic flow patterns are
monitored to identify
congestion, update the
traffic situational awareness
picture & alert operator.
Safer streets and
neighborhoods as well as
Improved road safety
provides expertise on &
branding for CISCO Smart
City.
Efficient crime analytics
solutions identifies
incidences of crimes
amongst masses of data
with help of Big data.

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Thank You

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Annexure

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Digitization in Bangladesh Sectors: Current Status & Prospect
Source: GSMA Intelligence, Ericson Mobility Report, Axiata Report

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Components of Digital Economy Bangladesh
Digital
Economy
Digital Financial
Services
Digital
Education
Digital
Healthcare
Digital services
Digital
Commerce
Digital
Marketing
(Advertisement)
1
2
3
4
5
6
- MFS
- Online banking
- Distant learning
- Online tutorials
- MOOC (Massive open online course)
- Transportation Apps (Uber)
- Online food delivery
- Cinema ticket booking
- Job search, application
- Online marketplace (E-merchants)
- C2C Buy-sell platform
- Grocery Orders
- Online doctor appointment
- Health Apps
- Telemedicine
- Social media advertising
- Internet advertising
- Mobile advertising (SMS, in-app)

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Smart City Concept
Emergency response
Waste Management
Renewable Energy Smart metering Municipalities
UniversitiesRemote sensingVideoMobility surveillance
Productivity
Transport
Urban Space Hospitals
ICT
Public managementPublic Safety Public services
E-Government
Traffic control
Teleworking
No queues
Sustainability Private sector
TransparencyR & DEnergy Efficiency
Water management Climate Change Monitoring
Disaster response
What is Smart City

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Global Smart Cities in 2025
More than 26 global cities will be smart cities in 2025, more than 50% of which will be from Europe and North
America.
Smart Cities, Global, 2025
CopenhagenCalgary Amsterdam
Beijing
Vancouver Tokyo
Stockholm
Helsinki
Berlin
Oslo
Glasgow
London
Paris
BarcelonaToronto
Boston
New York
Vienna
LuxembourgSeattle
San Francisco Chicago Chengdu
Los Angeles
San Diego Wuha
TianjinSeo
Singapore
ul
n
Delhi
Shenzhen
Select smart city projects* in 2025**
Smart cities in 2025
Jakarta
Sydney
Johannesburg

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Understanding the Difference Between Smart City and Sustainable City
Smart City Sustainable City
• Sustainable cities are cities that are built on
eco- friendly basis. These may not
necessarily include 'intelligent' systems but
are built more on an energy-efficient or
environment-friendly objective. 92
sustainable cities are expected by 2025.
• Smart cities are cities built on 'Smart' and
• 'Intelligent' solutions and technology that will
lead to adoption of at least 5 of the 8 following
smart parameters.
• As of 2011, there is no smart city; however,
26 smart cities are expected by 2025. Smart
'projects' within a city have been excluded in
this count, as they do not apply to an entire
city.

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Application of Information Technology in Bangladesh by Sectors
Digital
Economy
Sectors
Sub-sectors
No. of
Competitors
Market
Size
Top Players
Financial
Services
- MFS
- Online Banking
17+ Tk. 5,432 Cr.
Education - Distant learning
- Online tutorials
- MOOC (Massive open online course) 100+ Tk. 50 Cr.
Healthcare - Online doctor appointment
- Health Apps
- Telemedicine
20+ Tk. 80 Cr.
Services - Transportation Apps
- Online food delivery
- Cinema ticket booking
- Job placement
50+
Online Food
(Sales)
orders Tk.
~300 Cr.
Commerce - Online marketplace (E-merchants)
- C2C Buy-sell platform
- Grocery Orders
100+
Grocery
Order Tk.
~50 Cr.
Marketing
(Advertisement)
- Social media advertising
- Internet advertising
- Mobile advertising (SMS, in-app)
80+ Tk. 452 Cr.

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Some Definitions
Ship to Grid Project: 200 shore power stations allowing ships to connect to green
energy instead of on board diesel generators for their power supply.
Fuel cell technology: A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that is up to 50 percent
efficient in converting fuel to electrical power, which is much more efficient than the
combustion engine.
Almere smart society: The Dutch city of Almere is looking into the question of how, and
how far, new technologies can be deployed to make the city a safer, healthier, and more
economical and habitable place. Together with Cisco and a consortium of industry
leaders, the Municipality has developed a vision for the creation of a "smart society" that
will make more intelligent use of technology, people and resources for improved urban
management and growth.
Green Mark Certification: BCA Green Mark is a green building rating system to
evaluate a building for its environmental impact and performance. It provides a
comprehensive framework for assessing the overall environmental performance of new
and existing buildings to promote sustainable design, construction and operations
practices in buildings.

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