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FINAL REFLECTIVE NARRATIVE SUMMARY
STUDENT NAME:EMPLOYER (COMPANY):
STUDENT’S POSITION/TITLE:
BRIEF JOB DESCRIPTION (3-4 sentences):
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How did your practicum experience change and/or reinforce
your views and assumptions about the course material relative
to application and process? What have you learned during your
practicum (on the job)? How have your abilities in this area
changed? What more, if anything, to you want to learn? What
benefits have you gained from your practicum in terms of your
career and/or personal goals? Please describe any other
elements of your practicum experience you would like to reflect
upon.
VERIFICATION:
I verify that words written above are my own work and that the
name and signature below are those of my supervisor or his/her
official designee (in the event that the supervisor is unavailable
to sign this document).
STUDENT NAME (handwritten clearly in block letters):
_________________________________________________
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Student SignatureDate of Signature
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SUPERVISOR NAME:_____________________ SUPERVISOR
TITLE: ________________
SUPERVISOR PHONE: ____________________SUPERVISOR
EMAIL: _______________
I verify that I am the supervisor (or his/her official designee) of
the above-named student and that the signature below was
written by my hand on the date written here.
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Supervisor SignatureDate of Signature
Global Problems and the
Culture of Capitalism
This page intentionally left blank
Global Problems and the
Culture of Capitalism
Sixth Edition
Richard H. Robbins
State University of New York at Plattsburgh
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper
Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich
Paris Montréal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul
Singapore Taipei Tokyo
Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and
reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear
on appropriate page within text.
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc.,
publishing as Prentice Hall, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle
River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the
United States of America. This publication is protected
by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the
publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in
a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this
work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education,
Inc., Permissions Department, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River,
NJ 07458.
Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to
distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where
those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was
aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been
printed in initial caps or all caps.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Robbins, Richard H. (Richard Howard)
Global problems and the culture of capitalism / Richard H.
Robbins.—6th ed.
p. cm.
ISBN-13: 978-0-205-91765-5 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-205-91765-8 (alk. paper)
1. Economic history—1990– 2. Social problems. 3. Capitalism.
4. Consumption (Economics)
5. Poverty. 6. Financial crises. I. Title.
HC59.15.R63 2014
330.12'2—dc22
2010010395
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN 10: 0-205-91765-8
ISBN 13: 978-0-205-91765-5
Editor in Chief: Ashley Dodge
Publisher: Nancy Roberts
Editorial Assistant: Molly White
Director of Marketing: Brandy Dawson
Executive Marketing Manager: Kelly May
Marketing Coordinator: Jessica Warren
Managing Editor: Denise Forlow
Program Manager: Mayda Bosco
Production Project Manager: Liz Napolitano
Manager, Central Design: Jayne Conte
Cover Designer: Bruce Kenselaar
Cover Montage Images: top left: ©David Norton
Photography/Alamy; top center: ©Jules Glazier/Alamy;
top right: ©David W. Hamilton/Alamy; center left:
©dbimages/Alamy; center right: ©tony french/Alamy
Director, Digital Media: Brian Hyland
Digital Media Project Manager: Tina Gagliostro
Full-Service Project Management: Shiny Rajesh/Integra
Software Services Pvt. Ltd
Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers / Malloy—Jackson Road
Cover Printer: Lehigh / Phoenix Color
Text Font: 10/12, Times
v
Brief Contents
Part 1 Introduction: The Consumer, the Laborer, the
Capitalist, and the Nation-State in the Society
of Perpetual Growth 1
Chapter 1 Constructing the Consumer 12
Chapter 2 The Laborer in the Culture of Capitalism 35
Chapter 3 The Rise and Fall of the Merchant, Industrialist,
and Financier 57
Chapter 4 The Nation-State in the Culture of Capitalism 99
Part 2 The Global Impact of the Culture
of Capitalism: Introduction 127
Chapter 5 Population Growth, Migration, and Urbanization 133
Chapter 6 Hunger, Poverty, and Economic Development 168
Chapter 7 Environment and Consumption 197
Chapter 8 Health and Disease 220
Chapter 9 Indigenous Groups and Ethnic Conflict 248
Part 3 Resistance and Rebellion: Introduction 275
Chapter 10 Peasant Protest, Rebellion, and Resistance 282
Chapter 11 Anti-Systemic Protest 306
Chapter 12 Religion and Anti-Systemic Protest 329
Chapter 13 Solving Global Problems: Some
Solution
s and Courses
of Action 353
This page intentionally left blank
vii
Contents
Preface xiii
Part 1 Introduction: The Consumer, the Laborer,
the Capitalist, and the Nation-State in the
Society of Perpetual Growth 1
A Primer on Money: The Philosopher’s Stone 3
The Development of Commodity Money 5
The Shift from Commodity to Fiat or Debt Money 7
The Consequences of a System of Debt Money 8
Chapter 1 Constructing the Consumer 12
Remaking Consumption 14
Marketing and Advertising 15
The Transformation of Institutions 17
The Transformation of Spiritual and Intellectual Values 19
The Reconfiguration of Time, Space, and Class 21
Kinderculture in America: The Child as Consumer 23
The Role of Children in Capitalism 23
The Social Construction of Childhood 25
Exporting the Consumer 31
Conclusion 34
Chapter 2 The Laborer in the Culture of Capitalism 35
A Primer on the Elements of Capitalism 36
The Baptism of Money 39
The Construction and Anatomy of the Working Class 40
Characteristics of the Working Class 40
The Growth of Overseas Assembly Plants 45
The Creation of Free Labor 48
The Segmentation of the Workforce 49
Control and Discipline 52
Resistance and Rebellion 54
Conclusion 55
Chapter 3 The Rise and Fall of the Merchant, Industrialist, and
Financier 57
The Era of the Global Trader 60
A Trader’s Tour of the World in 1400 60
The Economic Rise of Europe and Its Impact on Africa
and the Americas 65
The Birth of Finance and the Tulip Bubble of 1636–1637 70
viii Contents
The Era of the Industrialist 74
Textiles and the Rise of the Factory System 77
The Age of Imperialism 78
The Era of the Corporation, the Multilateral Institution,
and the Capital Speculator 83
The Rise of the Corporation 83
Bretton Woods and the World Debt 86
The “Second Great Contraction” 92
Conclusion 97
Chapter 4 The Nation-State in the Culture of Capitalism 99
The Origin and History of the State 101
The Evolution of the State 101
The History and Function of the Nation-State 102
Constructing the Nation-State 104
Creating the Other 105
Language, Bureaucracy, and Education 106
Violence and Genocide 109
Spin, Free Trade, and the Role of Energy in the Global
Economy 113
Manufacturing Consent: Spin 114
Markets and Free Trade 118
Energy and Technology 120
Conclusion 124
Part 2 The Global Impact of the Culture
of Capitalism: Introduction 127
A Primer on Market Externalities: Polanyi’s Paradox 129
Chapter 5 Population Growth, Migration, and Urbanization 133
The Malthusians Versus the Revisionists 135
The Case of India and China 136
The Issue of Carrying Capacity 138
The Ideology of Malthusian Concerns 138
Demographic Transition Theory 141
A Primer on the Determinants of Population Growth
and Decline 143
Some Examples of Demographic Change 145
Population Growth in the Periphery 148
Wealth Flows Theory 149
The Social Implications of Wealth Flows Theory 151
The Question of Gender and Power 152
Issues of Immigration 154
Contents ix
History of Migration 156
The Economics of Immigration 158
Understanding Illegal Immigration 160
Urbanization and the Growth of Slums 162
Conclusion 167
Chapter 6 Hunger, Poverty, and Economic Development 168
The Evolution of Food Production: From the Neolithic
to the Neocaloric 169
From Gathering and Hunting to the Neolithic 170
Capitalism and Agriculture 171
The Neocaloric and the Green Revolution 173
The Politics of Hunger 176
The Anatomy of Famine 177
The Anatomy of Endemic Hunger 179

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FINAL REFLECTIVE NARRATIVE SUMMARYSTUDENT NAMEEMPLOYER (COM.docx

  • 1. FINAL REFLECTIVE NARRATIVE SUMMARY STUDENT NAME:EMPLOYER (COMPANY): STUDENT’S POSITION/TITLE: BRIEF JOB DESCRIPTION (3-4 sentences): --------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------- How did your practicum experience change and/or reinforce your views and assumptions about the course material relative to application and process? What have you learned during your practicum (on the job)? How have your abilities in this area changed? What more, if anything, to you want to learn? What benefits have you gained from your practicum in terms of your career and/or personal goals? Please describe any other elements of your practicum experience you would like to reflect upon. VERIFICATION: I verify that words written above are my own work and that the name and signature below are those of my supervisor or his/her official designee (in the event that the supervisor is unavailable to sign this document). STUDENT NAME (handwritten clearly in block letters): _________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ __ Student SignatureDate of Signature ------------------------------------------------------------------- SUPERVISOR NAME:_____________________ SUPERVISOR TITLE: ________________
  • 2. SUPERVISOR PHONE: ____________________SUPERVISOR EMAIL: _______________ I verify that I am the supervisor (or his/her official designee) of the above-named student and that the signature below was written by my hand on the date written here. _____________________________________________________ ___ Supervisor SignatureDate of Signature Global Problems and the Culture of Capitalism This page intentionally left blank Global Problems and the Culture of Capitalism Sixth Edition Richard H. Robbins State University of New York at Plattsburgh Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montréal Toronto
  • 3. Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. Many of the designations by manufacturers and seller to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in initial caps or all caps. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins, Richard H. (Richard Howard) Global problems and the culture of capitalism / Richard H. Robbins.—6th ed. p. cm. ISBN-13: 978-0-205-91765-5 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-205-91765-8 (alk. paper) 1. Economic history—1990– 2. Social problems. 3. Capitalism.
  • 4. 4. Consumption (Economics) 5. Poverty. 6. Financial crises. I. Title. HC59.15.R63 2014 330.12'2—dc22 2010010395 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-205-91765-8 ISBN 13: 978-0-205-91765-5 Editor in Chief: Ashley Dodge Publisher: Nancy Roberts Editorial Assistant: Molly White Director of Marketing: Brandy Dawson Executive Marketing Manager: Kelly May Marketing Coordinator: Jessica Warren Managing Editor: Denise Forlow Program Manager: Mayda Bosco Production Project Manager: Liz Napolitano Manager, Central Design: Jayne Conte Cover Designer: Bruce Kenselaar Cover Montage Images: top left: ©David Norton Photography/Alamy; top center: ©Jules Glazier/Alamy; top right: ©David W. Hamilton/Alamy; center left: ©dbimages/Alamy; center right: ©tony french/Alamy Director, Digital Media: Brian Hyland Digital Media Project Manager: Tina Gagliostro Full-Service Project Management: Shiny Rajesh/Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers / Malloy—Jackson Road Cover Printer: Lehigh / Phoenix Color
  • 5. Text Font: 10/12, Times v Brief Contents Part 1 Introduction: The Consumer, the Laborer, the Capitalist, and the Nation-State in the Society of Perpetual Growth 1 Chapter 1 Constructing the Consumer 12 Chapter 2 The Laborer in the Culture of Capitalism 35 Chapter 3 The Rise and Fall of the Merchant, Industrialist, and Financier 57 Chapter 4 The Nation-State in the Culture of Capitalism 99 Part 2 The Global Impact of the Culture of Capitalism: Introduction 127 Chapter 5 Population Growth, Migration, and Urbanization 133 Chapter 6 Hunger, Poverty, and Economic Development 168 Chapter 7 Environment and Consumption 197 Chapter 8 Health and Disease 220 Chapter 9 Indigenous Groups and Ethnic Conflict 248 Part 3 Resistance and Rebellion: Introduction 275 Chapter 10 Peasant Protest, Rebellion, and Resistance 282 Chapter 11 Anti-Systemic Protest 306 Chapter 12 Religion and Anti-Systemic Protest 329 Chapter 13 Solving Global Problems: Some
  • 6. Solution s and Courses of Action 353 This page intentionally left blank vii Contents Preface xiii Part 1 Introduction: The Consumer, the Laborer, the Capitalist, and the Nation-State in the Society of Perpetual Growth 1 A Primer on Money: The Philosopher’s Stone 3
  • 7. The Development of Commodity Money 5 The Shift from Commodity to Fiat or Debt Money 7 The Consequences of a System of Debt Money 8 Chapter 1 Constructing the Consumer 12 Remaking Consumption 14 Marketing and Advertising 15 The Transformation of Institutions 17 The Transformation of Spiritual and Intellectual Values 19 The Reconfiguration of Time, Space, and Class 21 Kinderculture in America: The Child as Consumer 23 The Role of Children in Capitalism 23 The Social Construction of Childhood 25 Exporting the Consumer 31
  • 8. Conclusion 34 Chapter 2 The Laborer in the Culture of Capitalism 35 A Primer on the Elements of Capitalism 36 The Baptism of Money 39 The Construction and Anatomy of the Working Class 40 Characteristics of the Working Class 40 The Growth of Overseas Assembly Plants 45 The Creation of Free Labor 48 The Segmentation of the Workforce 49 Control and Discipline 52 Resistance and Rebellion 54 Conclusion 55 Chapter 3 The Rise and Fall of the Merchant, Industrialist, and
  • 9. Financier 57 The Era of the Global Trader 60 A Trader’s Tour of the World in 1400 60 The Economic Rise of Europe and Its Impact on Africa and the Americas 65 The Birth of Finance and the Tulip Bubble of 1636–1637 70 viii Contents The Era of the Industrialist 74 Textiles and the Rise of the Factory System 77 The Age of Imperialism 78 The Era of the Corporation, the Multilateral Institution, and the Capital Speculator 83 The Rise of the Corporation 83
  • 10. Bretton Woods and the World Debt 86 The “Second Great Contraction” 92 Conclusion 97 Chapter 4 The Nation-State in the Culture of Capitalism 99 The Origin and History of the State 101 The Evolution of the State 101 The History and Function of the Nation-State 102 Constructing the Nation-State 104 Creating the Other 105 Language, Bureaucracy, and Education 106 Violence and Genocide 109 Spin, Free Trade, and the Role of Energy in the Global Economy 113 Manufacturing Consent: Spin 114
  • 11. Markets and Free Trade 118 Energy and Technology 120 Conclusion 124 Part 2 The Global Impact of the Culture of Capitalism: Introduction 127 A Primer on Market Externalities: Polanyi’s Paradox 129 Chapter 5 Population Growth, Migration, and Urbanization 133 The Malthusians Versus the Revisionists 135 The Case of India and China 136 The Issue of Carrying Capacity 138 The Ideology of Malthusian Concerns 138 Demographic Transition Theory 141 A Primer on the Determinants of Population Growth and Decline 143
  • 12. Some Examples of Demographic Change 145 Population Growth in the Periphery 148 Wealth Flows Theory 149 The Social Implications of Wealth Flows Theory 151 The Question of Gender and Power 152 Issues of Immigration 154 Contents ix History of Migration 156 The Economics of Immigration 158 Understanding Illegal Immigration 160 Urbanization and the Growth of Slums 162
  • 13. Conclusion 167 Chapter 6 Hunger, Poverty, and Economic Development 168 The Evolution of Food Production: From the Neolithic to the Neocaloric 169 From Gathering and Hunting to the Neolithic 170 Capitalism and Agriculture 171 The Neocaloric and the Green Revolution 173 The Politics of Hunger 176 The Anatomy of Famine 177 The Anatomy of Endemic Hunger 179