Final Paper Section Two [Of the five sections of a political science research paper, the structure of Section Two is the most variable. The heading in Section Two will be specific to the content of the chapter, as it is related to the research topic and proposed study. However, the following elements should be included in Section Two, regardless of the subsections. Section Two is a presentation of a review of the literature. The researcher accomplishes three things during the process of developing Section Two: a) the researcher develops subject matter expertise in the topics relating to his/her research, b) the researcher identifies and substantiates a gap in the body of knowledge (your topic) that will be addressed by the study, and c) the researcher develops a conceptual framework which informs the research design. Section Two shall contain the following content (although headings may vary): The introduction to Section Two tells the reader what the chapter is to be about, and tells the reader how the chapter will be organized. According to APA sixth edition, this section should not have a heading. *Review and Discussion of the Literature (the exact headings will depend on the content) The researcher presents and discusses key literature related to his/her topic and makes the connection between these and his/her research topic. The sections in the Review and Discussion of the Literature should demonstrate the researcher’s mastery of the literature in his/her area(s) of study. The subsections throughout Section 2 should be descriptive of the material being shared. *A synthesis of the literature should also be included. The synthesis is a purposeful organization of information that reflects the researcher’s critical thinking that supports the direction that this specific research takes. The synthesis provides the foundation for the conceptual framework which is a narrative (and visual, if desired) picture of how the literature examination and subsequent critical thinking combine to form a “whole” which represents the researcher’s intellectual approach to the study. As a result, it is clear to both the researcher and readers how the topics discussed are seen in relationship to each other from the unique perspective of the researcher, and supported by the literature. This synthesis may be presented in a variety of ways, but often is topological or chronological, or both.] Conceptual Framework [This section should discuss, in narrative form, how the researcher sees the relationships between, and orientation of, the theories, models, constructs, contexts, researcher assumptions, etc. explored during the literature review and how these fit together in the researcher’s thinking. This provides the researcher with an opportunity to craft his/her own unique approach to the research or to confirm that their proposed research matches existing research by presenting a coherent logic for the proposed research. It is highly recommended that a graphic r.

1. Final Paper
Section Two
[Of the five sections of a political science research paper, the
structure of Section Two is the most variable. The heading in
Section Two will be specific to the content of the chapter, as it
is related to the research topic and proposed study. However,
the following elements should be included in Section Two,
regardless of the subsections.
Section Two is a presentation of a review of the literature. The
researcher accomplishes three things during the process of
developing Section Two:
a) the researcher develops subject matter expertise in the topics
relating to his/her research,
b) the researcher identifies and substantiates a gap in the body
of knowledge (your topic) that will be addressed by the study,
and
c) the researcher develops a conceptual framework which
informs the research design.
Section Two shall contain the following content (although
headings may vary):
The introduction to Section Two tells the reader what the
chapter is to be about, and tells the reader how the chapter will
be organized. According to APA sixth edition, this section
should not have a heading.
*Review and Discussion of the Literature (the exact headings
will depend on the content)
The researcher presents and discusses key literature related to
his/her topic and makes the connection between these and
his/her research topic. The sections in the Review and
Discussion of the Literature should demonstrate the researcher’s
mastery of the literature in his/her area(s) of study. The
subsections throughout Section 2 should be descriptive of the
material being shared.
*A synthesis of the literature should also be included. The

2. synthesis is a purposeful organization of information that
reflects the researcher’s critical thinking that supports the
direction that this specific research takes. The synthesis
provides the foundation for the conceptual framework which is
a narrative (and visual, if desired) picture of how the literature
examination and subsequent critical thinking combine to form a
“whole” which represents the researcher’s intellectual approach
to the study. As a result, it is clear to both the researcher and
readers how the topics discussed are seen in relationship to each
other from the unique perspective of the researcher, and
supported by the literature. This synthesis may be presented in a
variety of ways, but often is topological or chronological, or
both.]
Conceptual Framework
[This section should discuss, in narrative form, how the
researcher sees the relationships between, and orientation of,
the theories, models, constructs, contexts, researcher
assumptions, etc. explored during the literature review and how
these fit together in the researcher’s thinking. This provides the
researcher with an opportunity to craft his/her own unique
approach to the research or to confirm that their proposed
research matches existing research by presenting a coherent
logic for the proposed research. It is highly recommended that a
graphic representation accompany the narrative in this section.
If using another author’s conceptual framework (because it
completely matches yours) please attribute the framework. If
using a graphic from another author that completely matches
yours you must have written permission from the copyright
holder to reprint their material.
Summary of Literature Review
The researcher provides a summary of the key elements of
Section Two and provides a brief transition to Section Three.
SECTION One

3. [Section One provides an overview of the study, including the
statement of the problem, a rationale for the study, research
question(s), a discussion of the research design, and limitations
that could impact the research results. Add an Introduction here.
There is no heading used for the Introduction in the manuscript.
The introduction to Section One tells the reader what the final
paper is to be about, how the whole paper will be organized,
and, in particular, how Section 1 will be organized. According
to APA sixth edition, this section should not have a heading.]
Topic Overview/Background
[Every dissertation begins somewhere. Students are expected to
pursue research that reflects the emphasis of their program,
their concentration within the program, and their personal
interests. This section provides an opportunity for the student to
share a bit about their particular interest in pursuing this study
and the background that will provide the reader with some
context for what follows. Do not use first person. You should
include citations to the most relevant references that support the
topic you will be studying.]
Problem or Opportunity Statement
[All research should be aimed at addressing a gap in the body of
knowledge, as observed in the literature that surrounds the topic
of choice. Once this is identified, the researcher translates it
into a discussion inserted here so that the reader is clear about
the direction of the research. Not only does research address
gaps in the body of knowledge, it often seeks to contribute to
practical knowledge that can be applied in the field. Provide
citations that support your topic.]
Purpose Statement
[Following on from the problem or opportunity discussion, the
purpose statement explains why the research is being pursued. It
serves as a beacon for both the researcher and the reader,
stating the focus of the research and rationale for its pursuit.
Provide sufficient citations from relevant reference sources to
justify the topic of study.]
Research Question(s)

4. Is the death penalty as an effective method of punishment to
deter future crimes in the United States? [As a result of the
explorations detailed in the sections above, the researcher must
shape his or her research intention into the form of one or more
concise questions. The research question explicitly illuminates
the variables (also referred to as concepts or categories in
qualitative research) that will be under study. Near the
conclusion of the research, final discussions highlight the
specifics of, and the extent to which, the research question or
questions were addressed. At times a central question is posed
and followed by several sub questions.]
Hypotheses (Quantitative)/Propositions (Qualitative)
[Hypotheses are assumptions about a phenomenon that the
research will seek to prove or disprove. Hypotheses are stated in
two forms: the null hypothesis and the alternate hypothesis. The
null hypothesis is proved or disproved by the research. If the
null hypothesis were disproved, there would be no relationship
between the variables being examined. The alternate hypothesis
is examined when there is a relationship between the variables.
Hypothesis testing is commonly found in research, typically
accompanying quantitative research. Propositions are similar to
hypotheses; however, when a proposition is stated, the
relationship between the variables will not be proved or
disproved by experiment within the context of the research
proposed. Propositions help direct the focus of research such
that ultimately testable hypotheses can be developed.
Propositions typically accompany qualitative research.]
Theoretical Perspectives/Conceptual Framework
[The theoretical framework presents the logic you have
developed, supported by the literature that informs the
development of your research design. The theoretical
perspectives assist the reader in understanding and following
the design of your study. Frameworks and theoretical
perspectives or models are most often found in foundational
research related to your topic of study.]
Assumptions/Biases

5. [All research is accompanied by assumptions held by the
researcher. It is extremely important to explore and state these
assumptions as they are related to your study. The assumptions
may arise from past experience or previous knowledge. The
assumptions may also be based in existing theory.]
Significance of the Study
[In this section, the researcher explains how the study will
benefit the stakeholders of the study. Stakeholders can be
defined as persons or groups that may have a vested interest in
the subjects explored in the study, as well as the research
question itself. This section provides an explanation of the
value your research will have on the body of knowledge related
to your topic.]
Delimitations
The study of the deter of crimes is covered only by the United
States of American. It covers the local, state, and federal laws
enforced by law enforcement. It’s a study to determine if the
death penalty is only used for people satisfaction.[Delimitations
represent the boundaries of the study as determined by the
researcher. Example, the study covered Savannah State
University only. Give reason why it covered only Savannah
State University]
Limitations
There is a limit to this study because some death penalty cases
wasn’t reported in the 1900s and we will never have a true
number of death penalty cases in America.[The limitations of
the study are aspects of the research that cannot be controlled
by the researcher. Limitations may be identified prior to the
implementation of the research and/or may emerge during the
process of doing the research.]
Definition of Terms
· “Capital murder” means murder for which death penalty may
be imposed.
· “death-qualified jury” consists of jurors who are able to fairly
consider both execution and life in prison, without strong
predispositions towards either, as possible sentences for a guilty

6. defendant.
· A “felony” is a crime usually punishable by imprisonment for
more than one year or by death.
· Felony murder is when a death results from attempting to
commit or during committing any felony.
· An "unadjudicated" offense is one in which the defendant has
not been officially tried and convicted by a court of law.
· An “aggravating circumstance” refers to a fact or situation
that increases the culpability for a criminal act.
General Overview of the Research Design
The death penalty in America used to practice on certain
individuals. The federal level of the judiciary has limited the
use of the death penalty. [Although the research design will be
covered in depth in Section 3 of the paper, it is helpful to
present a summary of the design in Section One so that the
reader has a complete picture of the proposed research.
Obviously, this summary cannot be introduced until Section 3 is
completed.]
Summary of Section One
[As you conclude Section One, there should be a short summary
of the contents of topics mentioned above. This serves as a
transition into the next section.]
Organization of the Paper
This paper is organized based on American death penalty
clause.[Concluding Section One requires a brief discussion
telling the reader how the paper is organized, section-by-
section. Each sentence or paragraph regarding a section should
be short and succinct.]
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