automatic plant irrigation using aurdino and gsm technology

Automatic plantirrigation
student 1
1
A Project Report
On
AUTOMATIC PLANT IRRIGATION USING
ARDUINO AND GSM
Submitted
In partial fulfillment for the award of diploma
In
DIPLOMA IN ELECTRONICS COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
By
ROLL NUMBER – STUDENT NAME
14270-EC-001 KAKARLA CHANDHINI.
14270-EC-003 R.Y.HIMAJASWI
14270-EC-008 A.VEDAVATHI.
Under the esteemed guidance of
Mr. P.MOHAN, M.Tech.
(Asst Prof), Department of ECE
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
(II SHIFT POLYTECHNIC)
SIDDHARTH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(State Board of Technical Education & Training A.P. Hyderabad)
Siddharth Nagar, Narayanavanam Road, PUTTUR-517583, A.P
2014- 2017
SIDDHARTH INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(State board Of Technical Education &Training A.P Hyderabad)
Siddharth Nagar, Narayanavanam Road, Puttur-517583
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING

student 2
2
CERTIFICATE
This is to Certify that the Project entitled “Automatic Plant
Irrigation Using Arduino & GSM” that is being submitted by KAKARLA CHANDHINI,
R.Y.HIMAJASWI , A.VEDAVATHI .bearing RegNo.14270-EC-001,003,008.in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Department Of Electronics
&CommunicationEngineering to State BoardOf TechnicalEducation & Training A.P.
Hyderabad . This record is a Bonafide Work carried out by him under my Guidance and
Supervision during the academic year 2011-2014. The results embodied in this Project report
have not been submitted to any other University or Institute for the award of any diploma.
Internal Guide Head of the
Department
Submitted for the main project viva-voce examination held on _____________
Intenal Examiner External Examiner
Acknowledgement

student 3
3
An endeavor of a long period can be successful only with the advice of many well-
wishers. I take this opportunity to express my deep gratitude and appreciation to all those who
encouraged me for successfully completion of the project work.
I am thankful to my Guide Mr.P.MOHAN BABU, M.Tech, in Department of
Electronics & Communication Engineering, Siddharth Institute of Engineering and
Technology, Puttur, for his valuable guidance and suggestions in analyzing and testing
throughout the period, till the end of project work.
I wish to thank our In Charge Head of Diploma, Mr. R.P.V.G.ASHOK REDDY,
M.Tech. For his guidance for accomplish the project
I wish to thank our Head of the department, Dr. M.Janardhana Raju, Ph.D, for his
guidance for accomplish the project.
My special thanks to Mr.N.Ramesh Raju, M.Tech..,(Ph.D). Diploma Principal, (II
Shift Polytechnic) Siddharth Institute of Engineering and Technology, Puttur, during the
progress of project work, for him timely suggestions and help in spite of him busy schedule.
I wish to express my sincere thanks to Dr.K.Ashok Raju, Ph.D, Chairman of Siddharth
institute of Engineering and Technology, Puttur, for his consistent help and encouragement to
complete the project work.
Finally, I would like to express sincere thanks to internal advisor Faculty Members of
E.C.E Department, and Lab technicians, one and all who have helped me to complete the
project work successfully.
As a gesture of respect to-wards my Family Members, friends and their support I whole
heartedly dedicate this work.
TABLE OF CONTACTS

student 4
4
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1. Introduction of Gsm based irrigation system
2. Block diagram and working
2.1. Block diagram
2.2. Working
3. Circuit diagram and working
3.1. Circuit diagram
3.2. Layout diagram of Arduino board
3.3. Circuit diagram of driver circuit
3.4. Working of circuit
4. Hardware specification
4.1 Hardware specifications
4.1.1 At Transmitter:
Mobile Phone
4.1.2 At Receiver:
Arduino
GSM Mode
Humidity Sensor
Temperature Sensor LM35
Relay (12v SPDT)
DTMF 8870 IC
NPN Transistor (IC 547)

student 5
5
Silicon Diode
Submersible pump
5. Software specification
5.2.1 Arduino software ide
5.2.2 description of eagle software
5.2.3 Steps involved in the formation of PCB layout
6. Coding
7. Conclusion
8. Advantages and dis advantages
9. Future scope
ABSTRACT
An embedded system is a special-purpose computer system designed to perform a
dedicated function. Since the system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can
optimize it, reducing the size and cost of the product. Embedded system comprises of both
hardware and software. Embedded system is fast growing technology in various fields like

student 6
6
industrial automation, home appliances, automobiles, aeronautics etc.
Embedded technology uses PC or a controller to do the specified task and the programming
is done using assembly language programming or embedded.
Many devices are used for monitoring the humidity conditions. In early days, all the systems
are analog devices and the measured value can be displayed by using recorders, and CROs.
This project is used to eliminate the drawbacks in the existing system. Here the humidity is
monitored by sensor that can be converted in to corresponding signal to the microcontroller.
The main feature of this project is that, according to the humidity levels, the controller activates
the relay driver unit and pumps the motor by using relay switches. The controller also generates
signal corresponding to the humidity level, and then the signal can be transmitted through the
GSM modem to mobile. When the pump is ON the corresponding message will be forwarded to
our mobile number which was already programmed in controller unit.

student 7
7
CHAPTER -1
INTRODUCTION

student 8
8
1. INTRODUCTION OF GSM BASED IRRIGATION SYSTEM:
Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is one of the most trustable wireless
communication systems that can be accessed and used very easily. The price of it trans-receiver
module and subscription fee of its services is very low so it is very cost effective also.
Embedded system interfaced with GSM module can widen the scope of embedded design and
enhanced the application areas of controlling and monitoring systems to a great extent. During
the past decade network services has extended beyond speech communication to many other
custom specified embedded design application.
This paper proposes an innovative GSM based remote controlled embedded system for
irrigation. The interface and communication between user and designed system is via
SMS on GSM network if the user is within the range of 10m of designed system. India is a
country of agriculture and it is backbone of Indian economy. Irrigation is heart of agriculture.
Irrigation is used to assist growing crops in the field land during the in adequate rainfall period.
Pesticide is used preventing, destroying or mitigating any pest.
Both of these are very important for good productivity and both need time to time application in
the farm field. In India approximately 20% of farmers are dependent on electric water pumps
for irrigation in their field. There are many problems associated with irrigation farmer’s house
so farmers have to go farm land for irrigation that causes inconvenience and fuel consumption
(if used any vehicle). The farm field as the nature of supply of electricity is quite unpredictable.
The instances of burning of motor due to unpredictable voltage fluctuations and dry
running. In farm field. In farm field. Sprayed. These pesticides are very harmful for farmer’s
health.
All these issues are handled in the proposed system. The system will send status of power
supply via Bluetooth/SMS on GSM network to user. The system will check the water flow from
the pump. If electricity is there but no water supply is available, system will send information to
user via SMS on GSM network. Temperature sensors and humidity sensors installed in
the field take the measurement of humidity level of soil and environmental temperature and
send this information to users. The user sends data in the form of SMS on GSM network to start
or stop the irrigation according to received information.

student 9
9
CHAPTER – 2
BLOCK DIAGRAM AND WORKING

student 10
10
2.1Block diagram
2.2 Working
Arduino board is connected to Gsm modem in which transmitter of arduino is connected to the
receiver of Gsm modem and receiver of arduino is connected to the transmitter of Gsm modem.
GSM modem is working simply like a mobile phone when we call on the number of Gsm
modem it can moved into the auto answering mode and can be operate according to the coding
which we have done in microcontroller. Since it is 28 pin ic and arduino has 13-digital pin and
6 analog pin so these pin are also used for further operation. With its digital pins LCD is

student 11
11
connected which is used for displaying of information’s like alert for increase of the
temperature by temperature sensors and gives alert for humidity by humidity sensor. Also with
its digital pin driver circuit is connected, driver circuit is made of different component’s and it
can used to drive the motor/water pump which can be on/off with these circuit.
Fig.2.2 Working of GSM Based Irrigation System

student 12
12
CHAPTER -3
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND WORKING

student 13
13
3.1CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Fig: circuit diagram

student 14
14
3.2 Layout diagram of aurdino board:
Fig:lay out of the project

student 15
15
3.3 Circuit diagram of driver circuit:
Fig:Circuit diagram of driver circuit
3.4 Working of circuit:
In the Gsm based irrigation system here 28-pin microcontroller is used which is known as
Arduino. Arduino has 13-digital pins and 6-analog pins and it works on 12V D.C. then

student 16
16
We interface arduino with Gsm modem here transmitter of arduino is connected with
receiver of Gsm modem and receiver of arduino is connected to transmitter of Gsm modem and
5v from Arduino is given to Gsm modem and sim is inserted in Gsm modem which can be used
for the operation of modem. DTMF circuit is connected with modem which can generate a
pulse of
Binary sequence works according to it.
LCD i.e. Liquid Crystal Display which is connected to the digital pin of arduino i.e. from
12,11,5,4,3,2 which is use in the operation of LCD and it can be use for the displaying of
message or information or for alert. Here the two sensors are used which are humidity sensor
and temperature sensor. Humidity
Sensor is use to show the presence of water in air which is harmful for crops and the another
sensor is temperature which measure the temperature of the atmosphere. These sensors are
connected to the analog pin of arduino which are pin number-4, 5.
According to our coding:
If any value is increase between these sensors then it gives alert to us in the form of
“alert” tour number through Gsm modem. Driver circuit is connected to the pin number 9 of the
arduino and it is consist of resistor of 10k which is connected to the NPN transistor which is
connected to diode and relay of 12V and these relay is used to drive a water pump. When we
give 2 to the dtmf it can generate a pulse sequence the moves to the and completes a circuit and
on the pump and when give 1 it can off the pump.

student 17
17
CHAPTER-4
HARDWARE SPECIFICATION

student 18
18
4.1 Hardware specification:
Mobile Phone
4.1.2 At Receiver:
a. Arduino
b. GSM Modem
c. Humidity Sensor
d. Temperature Sensor LM35
e. Relay (12v SPDT)
f. DTMF 8870 IC
g. NPN Transistor (IC 547)
h. Silicon Diode
i. Submersible pump

student 19
19
Mobile Phone:
A mobile phone (also known as a cellular phone, cell phone and a hand phone) is a device that
can make and receive telephone calls over a radio link while moving around a wide geographic
area. It does so by connecting to a cellular network provided by a mobile phone operator,
allowing access to the public telephone network. By contrast, a cordless telephone is used only
within the short range of a single, private base station.
In addition to telephony, modern mobile phones also support a wide variety of other services
such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications
(Infrared, Bluetooth), business applications, gaming and photography. Mobile phones that offer
these and more general computing capabilities are referred to as smartphones.
Mobile phone:
Fig: mobile at transmitter
4.1.2 At Receiver
A. Arduino:-

student 20
20
Arduino is an open-source electronics prototyping platform, designed to make the process of
using electronics in multidisciplinary projects more accessible. The hardware consists of a
simple open hardware design for the Arduino board of a standard programming language and
the boot loader that runs on the board.
Arduino can sense the environment by receiving input from a variety of sensors and can affect
its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators. The microcontroller on the
board is programmed using the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring) and the
Arduino development environment (based on Processing). Arduino projects can be stand-alone
or they can communicate with software on running on a computer.
The boards can be built by hand or purchased preassembled; the software can be downloaded
for free. The hardware reference designs (CAD files) are available under an open-source
license, you are free to adapt them to your needs.
Arduino hardware is programmed using a Wiring-based language (syntax + libraries), similar to
C++. With some simplifications and modifications, and a Processing-based IDE.
Arduino board:
Fig: arduino at receiver
Features of Arduino:
• High-performance, Low-power Atmel®AVR® 8-bit Microcontroller

student 21
21
• Advanced RISC Architecture
– 130 Powerful Instructions
– Most Single-clock Cycle Execution
– 32 × 8 General Purpose Working Registers
– Fully Static Operation
– Up to 16MIPS Throughput at 16MHz
– On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
• High Endurance Non-volatile Memory segments
–8Kbyte of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory
– 512Bytes EEPROM
– 1Kbyte Internal SRAM
– Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM
– Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C(1)
– Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits
In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program True Read-While-Write Operation
– Programming Lock for Software Security
• Peripheral Features – Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler, one Compare
Mode
– One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture Mode
– Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator
– Three PWM Channels
– 8-channel ADC in TQFP and QFN/MLF package Eight Channels 10-bit Accuracy
– 6-channel ADC in PDIP package Six Channels 10-bit Accuracy
– Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface
– Programmable Serial USART
– Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
–Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On chip
Oscillator
– On-chip Analog Comparator
• Special Microcontroller Features

student 22
22
– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
– Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator
– External and Internal Interrupt Sources
– Five Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down.
• I/O and Packages
– 23 Programmable I/O Lines
– 28-lead PDIP, 32-lead TQFP, and 32-pad QFN/MLF
• Operating Voltages
– 2.7V -5.5V (ATmega8L)
– 4.5V -5.5V (ATmega8)
• Speed Grades
– 0 -8MHz (ATmega8L)
– 0 -16MHz (ATmega8)
• Power Consumption at 4Mhz, 3V, 25 C
– Active: 3.6mA
– Idle Mode: 1.0mA
– Power-down Mode: 0.5µA
Pin Diagram:

student 23
23
B. GSM Modem:-
A GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card, and operates over a
subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. From the mobile operator

student 24
24
perspective, a GSM modem looks just like a mobile phone.
When a GSM modem is connected to a computer, this allows the computer to use the GSM
modem to communicate over the mobile network. While these GSM modems are most
frequently used to provide mobile internet connectivity, many of them can also be used for
sending and receiving SMS and MMS messages.
Now SMS Lite can send and receive SMS and MMS Messages using a GSM modem.
A GSM modem can be a dedicated modem device with a serial, USB or Bluetooth connection,
or it can be a mobile phone that provides GSM modem capabilities.
A GSM modem exposes an interface that allows applications such as Now SMS to send and
receive messages over the modem interface. The mobile operator charges for this message
sending and receiving as if it was performed directly on a mobile phone. To perform these
tasks, a GSM modem must support an “extended AT command set” for sending/receiving SMS
messages
Fig:Gsm modem

student 25
25
Working
AT Commands

student 26
26
C. Humidity Sensor:-
Humidity is the presence of water in air. The amount of water vapor in air can affect human
comfort as well as many manufacturing processes in industries. The presence of water vapor
also influences various physical, chemical, and biological processes. Humidity measurement in
industries is critical because it may affect the business cost of the product and the health and
safety of the personnel. Hence, humidity sensing is very important, especially in the control
systems for industrial processes and human comfort.
Controlling or monitoring humidity is of paramount importance in many industrial & domestic
applications. In semiconductor industry, humidity or moisture levels needs to be properly
controlled & monitored during wafer processing. In medical applications, humidity control is
required for respiratory equipment’s, sterilizers, incubators, pharmaceutical processing, and
biological products. Humidity control is also necessary in chemical gas purification, dryers,
ovens, film desiccation, paper and textile production, and food processing. In agriculture,
measurement of humidity is important for plantation protection (dew prevention), soil moisture
monitoring, etc. For domestic applications, humidity control is required for living environment
in buildings, cooking control for microwave ovens, etc. In all such applications and many
others, humidity sensors are employed to provide an indication of the moisture levels in the
environment.
RELEVANT MOISTURE TERMS:-
To mention moisture levels, varieties of terminologies are used. The study of water vapour

student 27
27
concentration in air as a function of temperature and pressure falls under the area of
psychometrics. Psychometrics deals with the thermodynamic properties of moist gases while
the term “humidity’ simply refers to the presence of water vapour in air or other carrier gas.
Humidity measurement determines the amount of water vapor present in a gas that can be a
mixture, such as air, or a pure gas, such as nitrogen or argon.
Fig :humidity sensor
D. Temperature Sensor LM35:-
The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is
linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has an advantage
over linear temperature sensors calibrated in § Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a

student 28
28
large constant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. The LM35 does
not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of g(/4§C at room
temperature and g*/4§Cover a full b55 to a150§C temperature range. Low cost is assured by
trimming and calibration at the wafer level. The LM35's low output impedance, linear output,
and precise inherent calibration make interfacing to readout or control circuitry especially easy.
It can be used with single power supplies, or with plus and minus supplies. As it draws only 60
mA from its supply, it has very low self-heating, less than 0.1§C in still air. The LM35 is rated
to operate over a
b55§ to a150§C temperature range, while the LM35C is rated for a b40§ to a110§C range (b10§
with improved accuracy). The LM35 series is available packaged in hermetic TO-46 transistor
packages, while the LM35C, LM35CA, and LM35D are also available in the plastic TO-92
transistor package. The LM35D is also available in an 8lead surface mount small outline
package and a plastic TO-202 package.
Fig: pin of temperature sensor
e. Relay(12v):-
A Relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a
switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used. Relays are
used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical
isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled
by one signal. The first relays were used in long distance telegraph circuits, repeating the signal

student 29
29
coming in from one circuit and re-transmitting it to another. Relays were used extensively in
telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations.
A type of relay that can handle the high power required to directly control an electric motor or
other loads is called a contactor. Solid-state relays control power circuits with no moving parts,
instead using a semiconductor device to perform switching. Relays with calibrated operating
characteristics and sometimes multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical circuits
from overload or faults; in modern electric power systems these functions are performed by
digital instruments still called "protective relays".
Fig: Relay
Basic Design and Operation:
When an electric current is passed through the coil it generates a magnetic field that activates
the armature and the consequent movement of the movable contact either makes or breaks
(depending upon construction) a connection with a fixed contact. If the set of contacts was
closed when the relay was de-energized, then the movement opens the contacts and breaks the
connection, and vice versa if the contacts were open. When the current to the coil is switched
off, the armature is returned by a force, approximately half as strong as the magnetic force, to
its relaxed position. Usually this force is provided by a spring, but gravity is also used

student 30
30
commonly in industrial motor starters. Most relays are manufactured to operate quickly. In a
low-voltage application this reduces noise; in a high voltage or current application it reduces
arcing.
When the coil is energized with direct current, a diode is often placed across the coil to
dissipate the energy from the collapsing magnetic field at deactivation, which would otherwise
generate a voltage spike dangerous to semiconductor circuit components.
Some automotive relays include a diode inside the relay case. Alternatively, a contact
protection network consisting of a capacitor and resistor in series (snubber circuit) may absorb
the surge. If the coil is designed to be energized with alternating current (AC), a small copper
"shading ring" can be crimped to the end of the solenoid, creating a small out-of-phase current
which increases the minimum pull on the armature during the AC Cycle.
Types of relay:
SPST – Single Pole Single Throw. These have two terminals which can be connected or
disconnected. Including two for the coil, such a relay has four terminals in total. It is ambiguous
whether the pole is normally open or normally closed.
SPDT – Single Pole Double Throw. A common terminal connects to either of two others.
Including two for the coil, such a relay has five terminals in total.
DPST – Double Pole Single Throw. These have two pairs of terminals. Equivalent to two SPST
switches or relays actuated by a single coil. Including two for the coil, such a relay has six
terminals in total. The poles may be Form A or Form B (or one of each).

student 31
31
DPDT – Double Pole Double Throw. These have two rows of change-over terminals.
Equivalent to two SPDT switches or relays actuated by a single coil. Such a relay has eight
terminals, including the coil.
fig: types of relay
F .DTMF IC 8870:-
Today, most telephone equipment use a DTMF receiver IC. One common DTMF receiver IC is
the Motorola MT8870 that is widely used in electronic communications circuits. The MT8870
is an 18-pin IC. It is used in telephones and a variety of other applications. When a proper
output is not obtained in projects using this IC, engineers or technicians need to test this IC
separately.
For optimum working of telephone equipment, the DTMF receiver must be designed to
recognise a valid tone pair greater than 40 ms in duration and to accept successive digit tone-
pairs that are greater than 40 ms apart. However, for other applications like remote controls and
radio communications, the tone duration may differ due to noise considerations. Therefore, by

student 32
32
adding an extra resistor and steering diode the tone duration can be set to different values.
The circuit is configured in balanced-line mode. To reject common-mode noise signals, a
balanced differential amplifier input is used. The circuit also provides an excellent bridging
interface across a properly terminated telephone line. Transient protection may be achieved by
splitting the input resistors and inserting zener diodes (ZD1 and ZD2) to achieve voltage
clamping. This allows the transient energy to be dissipated in the resistors and diodes, and
limits the maximum voltage that may appear at the inputs.
Whenever you press any key on your local telephone keypad, the delayed steering (Std) output
of the IC goes high on receiving the tone-pair
Fig: Pin Diagram
G. NPN TransistorIC 547:-
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and
electrical power. It is composed of semiconductor material with at least three terminals for
connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistor's
terminals changes the current flowing through another pair of terminals.
Because the controlled (output) power can be higher than the controlling (input) power, a
transistor can amplify a signal.
NPN:
NPN is one of the two types of bipolar transistors, consisting of a layer of P-doped
semiconductor (the "base") between two N-doped layers. A small current entering the base is
amplified to produce a large collector and emitter current. That is, when there is a positive

student 33
33
potential difference measured from the emitter of an NPN transistor to its base (i.e., when the
base is high relative to the emitter) as well as positive potential difference measured from the
base to the collector, the transistor becomes active. In this "on" state, current flows between the
collector and emitter of the transistor. Most of the current is carried by electrons moving from
emitter to collector as minority carriers in the P-type base region. To allow for greater current
and faster operation, most bipolar transistors used today are NPN because electron is mobility
higher than hole mobility.
.
Fig NPN Transistor
H. Silicon Diode:-
Silicon rectifier diodes, like that shown in Figure are used in many applications from high
voltage, high current power supplies, where they rectify the incoming mains (line) voltage and
must pass all of the current required by whatever circuit they are supplying; this may be several
tens of Amperes or more.
Carrying such currents requires a large junction area so that the forward resistance of the diode
is kept as low as possible. Even so the diode is likely to get quite warm. The black resin case
helps dissipate the heat.
The resistance to current in the reverse direction (when the diode is "off") must be high, and the
insulation offered by the depletion layer between the P and N layers extremely good to avoid
the possibility of "reverse breakdown", where the insulation of the diode fails due to the high
reverse voltage across the junction.
Silicon diodes are made in many different forms with widely differing parameters. They vary in

student 34
34
current carrying ability from milli-amps to tens of amps, some will have reverse breakdown
voltages of thousands of volts; others use their junction capacitance to act as tuning devices in
radio and TV tuners. Look in suppliers lists to see the many types available.
fig :silicon diode

student 35
35
i. Submersible Pump:-
A submersible pump (or electric submersible pump (ESP)) is a device which has a
hermetically sealed motor close-coupled to the pump body. The whole assembly is submerged
in the fluid to be pumped. The main advantage of this type of pump is that it prevents pump
cavitation, a problem associated with a high elevation difference between pump and the fluid
surface. Submersible pumps push fluid to the surface as opposed to jet pumps having to pull
fluids. Submersibles are more efficient than jet pumps.
Fig: Submersible Pump

student 36
36
Chapter-5
Software Specification
Arduino software IDE :
The arduino IDE is a cross platform application written in java which is derived from the IDE

student 37
37
made for the processing programming language and the wiring project. It is designed to
introduce programming to artists and other newcomers unfamiliar with software development.
It includes a code editor with feature such as syntax highlighting, brace matching, and
automatic indentation, and is also capable of compiling and uploading programs to the board
with the single click. There is typically no need to edit make files or run programs on the
command line.
The arduino development environment contains a text editor for writing code, a message area, a
text console, a toolbar with buttons for common functions, and series of menus. It connects to
the arduino hardware to upload programs and communicate with them.
Software written using arduino are called sketches. These sketches are written in the text editor.
It has features for cutting/pasting and for searching/replacing text. The message area gives
feedback while saving and exporting and also displays
Errors. The console displays text output by the arduino environment including complete error
messages and other information. Arduino IDE comes with a C/C+ +library called “wiring”,
which makes many common input/output operations much easier. Arduino programs are
written in C/C++, although users only need to define two functions in order to make a runnable
program.
Description of eagle software:
Introduction:
This eagle (easily applicable graphical layout editor) PCB design software is used to design an
electronic schematic and layout a printed circuit board (PCB). Eagle is a PCB design software
package consisting of a schematics editor, a PCB editor and an auto router module. The
software comes with an extensive library of components, but a library editor is also available to
design new parts or modify existing ones. Eagle is made by cadsoft’s and is available in three
versions. The light versions is limited to one sheet of schematic and half euro card format, but
can be used under the terms of the freeware license for non-commercial use. This software can
be download from cadsoft’s homepage, for windows or linux. We ware investigating the

student 38
38
possibilities of getting one or more license for the professional version, which does not have
these limitations.
The format of PCB layout is carried out in following steps:
Step 1-Drawing the schematic
Step 2-Printing the schematic
Step 3-PCB layout
.Placing components
. Routing
. Printing the PCB

student 39
39
CHAPTER -6
CODING

student 40
40
Coding
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal Lcd (12,11,5,4,3,2);
int sens1=A5;
int sens2=A4;
int dtmf1=7;
int dtmf2=6;
int relay=8;
int a,b,c;
int count=0;
Char PhoneNumber[]="+919753475722";
Void setup ()
{
Serial.begin (9600);
lcd.begin (16, 2);
PinMode (relay, OUTPUT);
PinMode (dtmf1, INPUT);
PinMode (dtmf2, INPUT);
Digital Write (dtmf1, HIGH);
Digital Write (dtmf2, HIGH);
lcd.print ("GSM IRRIGATION");
Lcd.setCursor (0,1);
lcd.print ("SYSTEM");
Delay (2000);
lcd.clear ();
lcd.print ("SDBCE, INDORE");
Delay (3000);
lcd.clear ();

student 41
41
lcd.print ("Presented By :");
Delay (2000);
lcd.clear ();
lcd.print ("R.Y.Himajaswi");
Delay (2000);
lcd.clear ();
lcd.print ("K.Chandhini");
Delay (2000);
lcd.clear ();
lcd.print ("A.Vedavathi");
delay(2000);
lcd.clear ();
lcd.print ("Gsm starting");
Delay (10000);
lcd.clear ();
Serial. Print ("ATSo=2");
Serial. Print (13, BYTE);
}
Void loop ()
{
a=analog Read (sens1);
c=a/2;
b=analog Read (sens2);
If(c>50 || b>500)
{
Delay (500);
lcd.print ("sending");
Serial.println ("AT+CMGF=1");
Serial. Print ("AT+CMGS=");

student 42
42
Serial. Print (phoneNumber);
Serial.println (34, BYTE);
Delay (500);
Serial. Print ("Alert!!!");
Delay (5000);
lcd.print ("sended");
lcd.clear ();
}
If (digital Read (dtmf1) == HIGH && digital Read (dtmf2) == LOW) //one
{
Digital Write (relay, LOW);
lcd.setCursor (0,1);
lcd.print ("OFF");
Delay (50);
}
Else if (digital Read (dtmf1) == LOW && digital Read(dtmf2) == HIGH) //two
{
Digital Write (relay, HIGH);
lcd.setCursor (0, 1);
lcd.print ("ON");
Delay (50);
}
}

student 43
43
CHAPTER-7
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
There is an urgent need for a system that makes the agricultural process easier and burden free
from the farmer’s side. With the recent advancement of technology it has become necessary to
increase the annual crop production output of our country India, an entirely agro centric
economy. The ability to conserve the natural resources as well as giving a splendid boost to the
production of the crops is one of the main aims of incorporating such technology into the

student 44
44
agricultural domain of the country. To save farmer’s effort, water and time has been the most
important consideration. Hence systems need to be designed to provide this ability efficiently
using wireless sensor networking, sprinkler irrigation, GSM, SMS technology,
These systems were all remotely controlled systems which proposed a low cost information
exchange via SMS and GSM network. The soil moisture, humidity and various other
environmental factors influencing growth of crops are periodically sensed using high quality
accurate sensor and those values are passed on to the processor/controller to calculate required
amount of water and fertilizers and various other inputs during irrigation and accordingly
supplied to the farm. The functionality of GSM increases the efficiency of the automated
irrigation system by giving it a more user friendly interface using SMS (Short Message Service)
coupled with missed called services.
The result of the survey conducted has lead to a very positive approach on the impact of GSM
technology in farm irrigation methods and techniques. The approaches studied had various pros
and cons in the time required for operations or complexity or feasibility and user interactions.
With technology advancing everyday new techniques have been implemented for further
minimizing the irrigation process like using prebuilt mobile phone or standalone application
software for conduction the irrigation process.

student 45
45
CHAPTER-8
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGE

student 46
46
Advantages
• Increase crop yields and quality, while saving on operational costs and labor.
• Automatically and accurately irrigate and fertilize (irrigate + fertilize = fertigate) crops by
remote control -with exactly the right quantity, at exactly the right time, activating specific
valves.
• Reduce water consumption; optimize use of fertilizers, and minimize energy costs.
• Manage the irrigation process from practically anywhere -whether from the office, from home
or on the road.
• Immediately detect any system irregularities and leaks online, and receive real time reports
(even to mobile phones by SMS) while automated response is taking place.
Disadvantages
• Networks failure: -If the network is fail then the device is not work properly.
• Effects on human health.

student 47
47
CHAPTER -9
FUTURE SCOPE

student 48
48
Future scope
This project has enormous potential and may be used in various other ways, due to its cheap
and cost efficient design.
1. Use it as a home automation controller, by adding a few more 240 volt relays.
2. Remotely perform jobs.
3. Use a float switch in a tank, so that the system automatically shuts the pump down, once the
reservoir is full.
4. Use it in conjunction with a solar panel, so that the entire system is eco-friendly.

automatic plant irrigation using aurdino and gsm technology

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (20)

Similar to automatic plant irrigation using aurdino and gsm technology

Similar to automatic plant irrigation using aurdino and gsm technology (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

automatic plant irrigation using aurdino and gsm technology