Patsy Matsu Takemoto Mink ( 1927-2002 )

Patsy Matsu Takemoto Mink ( 1927-2002 )
Patsy Matsu Takemoto Mink (1927–2002), was a respected Democratic political figure from the
state of Hawaii who served in the House of Representatives as a member of Congress for over two
decades (1965–1977 1990–2002). In addition to which Mink served as the Assistant Secretary of
State for Oceans and International Environment and Scientific Affairs (1977–1978), as the Secretary
of the House and Democratic Caucus (1975–1977), and on Congressional committees such as
Education and Labour Interior and Insular Affairs, Natural Resources, the Budgetary Committee,
and Government Reform as well as being member of the Honolulu City Council (1983–1987). Her
election in 1965 as the first Asian American woman to serve in the United States Congress reflected
the changing demographics in America and the rising status of women in both state and national
politics. Mink became well known for her opposition to the Vietnam War (1955–1975) and was
considered influential in the passage of Civil Rights, Women 's Rights, and Great Society legislation
throughout the 1960s and 1970s. In particular Mink was one of the principle persons involved in the
drafting and passage of Title IX (1972), which promoted the rights and opportunities of women in
education and sports in America. In 1972 Mink declared herself to be a candidate for the Democratic
nomination for the Office of the Presidency to further advance her ideals which developing the
Pacific region, fostering school improvement, ensuring
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Louisiana Purchase Analysis
Louisiana is located above the Gulf of Mexico at the opening of the Mississippi River, bordered by
Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east and Texas to the west. It was first colonized by the
French during the 18th century and it became U.S. territory as part of the historic Louisiana
Purchase in 1803. Louisiana was admitted to the union in 1812 and its capital city is Baton Rouge.
Its largest city is New Orleans. Name for Residents – Louisianans or Louisianans. Louisiana's total
area is 51,843 square miles [Louisiana is the 31st biggest state in the USA]. The population of
Louisiana is 4,625,470 (as of 2013) [Louisiana is the 25th most populous state in the USA]. On
April 30, 1803 U.S. envoys agreed to pay $11,250,000 and assume claims of American citizens
against France in the amount of $3,750,000. In exchange, the United States acquired the vast
domain of Louisiana Territory, some 828,000 square miles of land. The treaty was dated April 30
and signed on May 2. In October, the U.S. Senate ratified the purchase, and in December 1803
France transferred authority over the region to the United States. This was known as the Louisiana
Purchase. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
and the Mississippi River Delta. Louisiana's vegetation is divided into three areas: the first contains
forest, upland pines and hardwoods, bottom hardwoods, and bald cypress; the second contains
prairies, or dry grasslands; and the third contains marshland, or wet grassland. The bordering states
are Arkansas, Mississippi, and Texas. The bordering body of water is the Gulf of Mexico. The
Mississippi is its major river, its major lakes are Lake Pontachartin, Lake Maurepas, Toledo Bend
Reservoir, Grand Lake, White Lake, Calcasieu Lake, and Catahoula

The Role of the Senate and House of Representatives Essay
The Role of the Senate and House of Representatives
The Congress of the United States consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives which
means the USA is bi–cambial. The Congress of the United States was created by Article I, Section 1,
of the Constitution, adopted by the Constitutional Convention on September 17, 1787.
The Senate is composed of 100 Members, 2 from each State, who are elected to serve for a term of 6
years. Senators were originally chosen by the State legislatures. This procedure was changed by the
17th amendment to the Constitution, adopted in 1913, which made the election of Senators a
function of the people. There are three classes of Senators, and a new class ... Show more content on
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The Senate are also in power of the treaties that must be concurred by a two–thirds vote.
The Vice President of the United States is the Presiding Officer of the Senate; in his absence the
duties are taken over by a President pro tempore, elected by that body, or someone designated by
him. The Presiding Officer of the House of Representatives, the Speaker, is elected by the House; he
may designate any Member of the House to act in his absence.
On the other hand The House of Representatives is granted the power of originating all bills for the
raising of revenue. The House leadership is structured essentially the same as the Senate, with the
Members in the political parties responsible for the election of their respective leader and whips.
The elected officers of the House of Representatives include the Clerk, the Sergeant at Arms, and
the Chaplain.
Both Houses of Congress act in impeachment proceedings, which, according to the Constitution,
may be instituted against the President, Vice President, and all civil officers of the United States.
The House of Representatives has the sole power of impeachment, and the Senate has the sole
power to try impeachments.
All bills and joint resolutions must pass both the House of Representatives and the Senate and must
be signed by the

The Three Branches Of Federal Government
"We the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure
domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the
Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the
United States of America." The Constitution is the framework of our government, containing seven
articles. The first three describe the three branches of Federal government which are legislative,
judicial, and executive. The second three outline the rights and responsibilities of state governments
and in relation to the Federal government. Lastly, the seventh article establishes the procedure used
by the thirteen states to ratify it. These powerful words ensure our freedoms and equality are justly
maintained. The Founding Fathers established the three branches of Federal government to
guarantee that no one person or group of people could amass immense power. Each of the three
branches, (legislative, executive, and judicial) are balanced by the powers of the other two coequal
branches. The main reason for having three different offices is so that they can cooperate and turn in
work together in a more organized fashion so that the main focus is always with the people. The
legislative branch's most important role is writing the nation's law. It has checks over the Executive
Branch by having the ability to override presidential vetoes, they may remove the

Arizona State Government Essay
The legislation of the state of Arizona is bicameral, with a Senate and a House of Representatives.
Each Senator and Representative is elected for a two year term. There is a limitation of four
consecutive terms. After serving four terms, they must be out of office for one term before they can
be reelected to that office. There are certain qualifications to become a legislator. Those seeking
office in the state Senate or House of Representatives must be at least 25 years of age, be a United
States citizen, reside in the state for three years prior, and live in the county for one year prior to
election. The job of a legislator in Arizona is part time, due to the limited time of the regular session.
Their salaries, currently at ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The majority leader and the assistant floor leader are chosen by the majority party as well. The
speaker of the House is important in the organization of the House, because they choose committee
chairmanships and committee assignments. The president of the Senate is chosen by the majority
party. Like the House, they appoint committee chairmanships and committee assignments. The
minority party is not left out. They also have a caucus, and a minority leader and assistant floor
leader are selected for both houses. The minority caucus also makes committee assignments for
member of its' party. The staffs of both houses are chosen by the majority party leadership and
include the Senate secretary, assistant secretary, chief clerk, assistant chief clerk, chaplains, sergeant
at arms, pages, and secretaries. Each house has a set of rules and procedures that are adopted at the
beginning of each session. There also has to be a certain amount of members present, or quorum, in
order to do business.
The legislative branch of the state of Arizona is the most powerful branch. There are six types of
action that the legislature is able to conduct. The firs t of these is a bill, which is a proposal for a
new law, or an amendment to an existing law. A bill must be approved by the governor. The second
action is a joint resolution, which is a form of expressing legislative will and is as forceful as the
law. Next is the concurrent resolution, which is used for

Problems Faced By President And Congress In The 1790s Essay
The Immediate Problems and Issues Faced by The President and Congress in 1790
During the 1790s, the young American republic faced many of the problems that confronted the
newly independent nations in the 20th century. For one they had to form a sound economy. Another
problem was preserving national independence. Creating a stable political system was another
challenge that would also provide a legitimate place for opposition.
It wasn't very obvious that the union would survive long. George Washington did not think that a
new government would last even 20 years. Consolidating public support was also one of the many
problems that the new republic faced. Only about 5% of all white males voted to ratify the new
constitution and only two states continued to support the articles of the confederation. There was
one state though that threatened ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One committee proposed "His Highness the President of the United States and Protector of the
Rights of the Same". However, the House of Representatives and James Maddison were considering
more pressing matters. There was a tariff placed on imports and a tax placed on liquor. They also
imposed duties on foreign vessels to encourage American shipping. They also created departments
of State, Treasury and war to provide a stable structure for the executive branch of the government.
The Judiciary Act organized the first federal court system which consisted of a Supreme Court with
six justices, a district court in every state, and three appeals courts. Congress approved a bill of
rights to strengthen popular support for the new government. The bill of rights ensured that national
government could not infringe on the right to trial by jury. In an effort to reassure Antifederalists
that the powers of the new government was limited, the tenth amendment "reserved to the States
respectively or to the people" all powers not specifically placed in the

William Wheeler Research Paper
Good afternoon. I am Brittany Salinas, and today, I am speaking about William Wheeler. He was the
19th Vice President of United States.
William Wheeler was born in the upstate New York on June 30, 1819, near the Canadian border. He
was the son of Almon Wheeler and Eliza. His father attended the University of Vermont and died at
the age of thirty–seven. At the time, William was eight years old. His father left the family behind in
debt. William farmed and did whatever he could to save up money to go to college. At the age of
nineteen with the help of a friend's loan he enrolled in the University of Vermont in Burlington. He
studied at the University for two years at that time he was living off of water and bread, "until an
affection of the

Proposal Essay: Equality For All
The amendment I am proposing would be called "Equality for All". Currently in America we live in
a nation where every United States citizen is not covered by equal federal and state protections
against discrimination. My amendment would cover people from all walks of life, economic status,
LGBT+, race, gender, national origin, people with disabilities, and so on. We need a uniform law
across the United States to guarantee equal protection for all people, especially the minority
populations.
Currently LGBT+ rights have been in question in America and in our very own North Carolina with
bills passed as House Bill 2 also known as HB2. This bill enforces that a person must use the
bathroom corresponding to their gender on their birth certificate ... Show more content on
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I believe this is the best possible way for the amendment to get passed as a constitutional convention
has never been done before. I also think that getting two–thirds of the House of Representatives and
two thirds of the Senate to pass a bill would be easier. When you try to take the route of the
constitutional convention two–thirds of every states congress must vote yes on the amendment in
order for it to pass. Statistically it would be easier to have all the states vote together versus
separately as some states will more than likely never receive the necessary two–thirds votes to pass
my amendment. Historically southern and Midwestern states tend to lean red and are run by
Republicans which tend to not support any anti–discrimination bills, and they actually try to pass
bills that allow someone to discriminate if something or someone does not agree with their religion.
There have been attempts to pass such a law, yet so far they have been unsuccessful. Our leaders
need to take a look at the constitution that they took a oath to honor and follow our separation of
church and state to provide protection for all no matter what differences or opinions they might

Trace The Pathway Of A Bill Essay
Jeanelle Carmona PSC 201 Essay #8 Trace the pathway of a bill through both houses of congress.
The process in which a bill becomes a law can be a lengthy one, it must go through many steps in
order to become the law of the land. It is believed that this process should be a matter that every
American citizen should be informed of in order to fully understand and appreciate the inner
workings of congress with regard to The House of Representatives and the Senate. The steps in
which a bill becomes a law is an example of the democratic way of life here in The United States.
"The fact that a proposal cannot become a law without consideration and approval by both houses of
congress is an outstanding virtue of our bicameral legislative system." (Sullivan 1–2) Anyone can
write a bill not just a member of congress. Any citizen, group or organization can "draw" up a bill.
The right to petition is guaranteed by the first amendment. These bills are usually written in the form
of a letter. It is estimated that more then 15,000 bills are introduced to The House of Representatives
and the Senate each year. Each one is then assigned to a committee after it is given a number. 22 of
these committees belong to The House of Representatives and 15 to the Senate. The majority of all
laws originate in The House of Representatives. These bills fall into two categories, private and
public. A public bill is any bill that affects the public or the nation. An example of a public bill

American Creed Analysis
The American Creed was the product of nationwide competition to create a creed for the nation; the
contest was the idea of Henry Sterling Chapin(thenation.com). After a very large number of entries
William Tyler Page was declared the winner because he had the best brief summary of the American
political faith founded upon things fundamental in American history and tradition. He was presented
an award to Page in the House of Representatives Office Building on April 3, 1918. At the time the
creed was adopted the United States had been a participant in World War I only a little over a year.
During this time patriotic sentiments were very much in vogue and it was essential to rally the
people's moral and this creed provide it at just the right ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
President John Quincy Adams gave recognition to these principles as forming the foundation of the
United States Constitution when he said:
"The virtue which had been infused into the Constitution of the United States was no other than ...
those abstract principles which had been first proclaimed in the Declaration of Independence–
namely, the self–evident truths of the natural and unalienable rights of man ... This was the platform
upon which the Constitution of the United States had been erected."
The constitution and thus the creed contain 12 such sentiments, or principles. These principles are
also called, "The Twelve Pillars of Freedom". These are: National sovereignty (which means
national independence), Natural law (is the universal moral code that governs all people), self–
evident truth (genuine, knowable and fundamental to the basic principles of government), Equality
(all people are equal because they were created that way by God) , Inalienable Rights (which
include Right to Life, Right to Liberty, pursuit of happiness), the primary purpose of government
(the protection of the inalienable rights), Popular Sovereignty (the people have a higher level of
authority than government, and government has only those powers delegated to it by the citizens) ,
Federalism and States' Rights, and Divine Providence (conviction that there is a God

Essay On How A Bill Becomes A Law
How a Bill Becomes a Law Creating laws is the U.S. House of Representatives most important job.
All laws in the United States begin as bills. Before a bill can become a law, it must be approved by
the U.S. House of Representatives, the U.S. Senate, and the President. The road a bill takes to
becoming a law is a long and tedious process. First, the proposed bill goes through the House of
Representatives. Laws begin as ideas. These ideas may come from a Representative, or from a
citizen. Citizens who have ideas for laws can contact their Representatives to discuss their ideas. If
the Representatives agree, they research the ideas and write them into bills. When a Representative
has written a bill, the bill needs a sponsor. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Then, a reading clerk reads the bill section by section and the Representatives recommend changes.
When all changes have been made, the bill is ready to be voted on.There are three methods for
voting on a bill in the U.S. House of Representatives: Viva Voce, Division, and Recorded. If a
majority of the Representatives say or select yes, the bill passes in the U.S. House of
Representatives. The bill is then certified by the Clerk of the House and delivered to the U.S. Senate.
When a bill reaches the U.S. Senate, it goes through many of the same steps it went through in the
U.S. House of Representatives. The bill is discussed in a Senate committee and then reported to the
Senate floor to be voted on. Senators vote by voice. Those who support the bill say "yea," and those
who oppose it say "nay." If a majority of the Senators say "yea," the bill passes in the U.S. Senate
and is ready to go to the President. When the bill reaches the president, he has three choices. He can:
sign and pass the bill, refuse to sign or veto the bill, or pocket veto. If the president refuses to sign or
veto the bill, the bill is sent back to the U.S. House of Representatives, along with the President's
reasons for the veto. If the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate still believe the bill
should become a law, they can hold another vote on the bill. If two–thirds of the Representatives and
Senators support the bill, the President's

How A Bill Becomes A Law Essay
Before I get into how a bill becomes a law, I want to spend a little time discussing the powers and
boundaries set forth by our Constitution. The Constitution was designed with a system of checks and
balances to assure that all the branches of Government are kept in check. They decided to form three
branches, the executive branch, legislative branch and the judicial branch. The delegates wanted to
divide power equally in the Government to keep one branch from having too much power. The
executive branch includes the President and is responsible for executing public and foreign policy.
The legislative branch includes the House and the Senate. They are responsible for making and
implementing laws and funding the government. The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme court
and they interpret the Constitution and laws. The United States Constitution is ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
A law generally begins its life as a simple idea. Anyone can come up with an idea for a law and
submit the idea to their congressman or representative. Sometimes a special interest group may
submit an idea in hopes that their idea may become a law. When the idea is supported and sponsored
by a member of Congress that idea becomes a bill. A bill may begin in either the House or the
Senate. However, the bills that deal with money must be introduced through the House. The bill is
introduced when it is placed in a box called the hopper on the bill clerks desk. The House speaker
will then send the bill to committee where it may be amended, passed or "killed". The House will
debate the bill, then send it to the Senate. The bill will be debated and possibly amended then sent
back to the House. If everything is approved it will eventually make it's way to the President where
he may sign or veto it. If it is signed, it becomes a law. Even if the bill is rejected by the president, it
may still become a law if two thirds of the houses override the

Political Majority and Federal Spending Essay
Abstract
This paper addresses the following question: what determines government spending in the United
States. In short, I believe real government spending to be a function of partisan political control.
Specifically, I hypothesizes that a majority congressional representation by either the Democrats or
the Republicans does not affect the level real federal government spending. In other words,
government spending does not increase due to a Democrat majority or decline due to a Republican
majority.
Introduction
Every two years on the first Tuesday in November, Americans across the country vote on who will
represent them in the Federal government. Thusly, they indirectly shape the future of the United
States. Since the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If partisan control of congress is a determinant of real spending, a plethora of new questions shall
arise. In addition, if a Democrat majority results in a decline of spending, then academics and draw
inferences about the budget, and therefore the deficit, the day after elections. Ceteris paribus,
academics would be more likely to predict overall government spending. In other words, Keynesian
economists would predict a less drastic economic downturn if Democrats have majority control
during stagnate growth. Specifically, I wish to determine the following. First, is congressional
control a determinant of federal spending? Next, does the same hold true for federal defense and
non–defense spending? Finally, does a specific party majority foreshadow a specific effect on
spending? Alternatively, does a Democrat majority predict an increase in spending?
In the next section, I will review and discuss the implications of prior research. Then, I will detail
my methodology and results. Finally, I will discuss my finding and draw conclusions. The end of the
paper cites references and includes any appendices vital to the understanding of the paper.
Literature Review
Based upon my research, there are two primary motives for legislators to spend: (1) to stimulate the
economy and (2) to benefit their represented district, thereby increasing the likelihood of reelection.
In this section, I will briefly discuss the former. I will cover the latter in

Abraham Lincoln's Failure
In most people's minds, the notion of failure is never a pleasant thought. However, think again, for
certain benefits reside within the crushing blow of defeat. If one experiences failure and finds a way
to get back up, they will emerge stronger than before.
Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth president of the United States of America, experienced some
setbacks while he tried his hand at a variety of professions, which motivated him to work even
harder towards his legislative goals. At one point, he worked as a sales clerk at a shop which soon
closed down. The following year, he ran in the in the Illinois House of Representatives election and
lost. He later made an investment and tried to start a business with a partner, but did not succeed,

Millard Fillmore : An Unknown Figure
Millard Fillmore, an unknown figure to many, was one of the most important figures in the United
States during the middle nineteenth century. At a young age Fillmore had begun his career of
making a living, and supporting a family. As Fillmore matured, he became more and more intrigued
with politics and had begun his career as a lawyer. In later years Millard Fillmore became 13th
president of the United States. Millard Fillmore had a life of being loved and hated, cherished and
forgotten.
Millard Fillmore was born on January 7, 1800, in the small town of Summerhill, New York. He was
born the second oldest among nine, also being the eldest boy. When Fillmore was roughly nine years
old, he took his first class lesson in a one roomed school ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
They believed in commerce and manufacturing lead to a better life for all Americans. Then again in
1836 Fillmore ran for Congress as a Whig and won.4 Alike his first term as a New York
assemblyman, he was quiet in his first term in Congress but began making a name for himself when
he returned to Congress for a second term in 1837.
After the election of 1838, a dispute in the House of Representatives arose as five congressmen from
New Jersey were elected. The outcome would determine whether the Whigs or Democrats would
have a majority over the House. During this time period, Millard Fillmore gave some of the most
important, persuading, and passionate speeches of his political career. During the same time, there
was a battle on tariffs, the tax on imported goods. Fillmore devoted himself to preserving the high
tariffs that were in effect at that time, but also wanted to keep President John Tyler in political
trouble since he believed that Tyler had betrayed the Whig party. Fillmore accomplished both feats
with great political skill.
As the presidential election of 1848 approached, the Whigs knew the support of their southern allies.
Many of their allies were large plantation owners and also had an abundant amount of slaves. When
Zachary Taylor was chosen to represent the Whig party, many antislavery delegates believed that the
selection of Taylor was the end of the whig party. But, a New York delegate by the name of

The Legislative Branch
Our Government:
The Legislative Branch
Tiara Abrams
American Government
Mr. DiCurcio
6 December 2010
Outline
THESIS: The Legislative Branch consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate which
forms the United States Congress; the Constitution grants Congress the single authority to pass
legislation and declare war, the right to approve or reject Presidential appointments, and significant
investigative powers. I. What is the Legislative Branch?
A. It includes the House of Representatives and the Senate (Congress).
B. The requirements for both chambers.
C. It makes the laws. II. The Legislative Process
A. The first step in the legislative process is the introduction of a bill to Congress.
B. A bill must pass through ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Implied Powers are powers not listed in the Constitution. They come from and depend on expressed
powers of the government. The basis for implied powers comes from the necessary and proper
clause of the Constitution, Article 1, Section 8. Another name for implied powers is called the elastic
clause because it stretches the power of the government. Implied powers have helped the
government enhance its authority to meet the many problems and situations that the Framers unseen.
Expressed Powers are those powers explicitly named in the Constitution. They grant the legislative
branch a large amount of authority over American national policy, both domestic and foreign. The
Constitution states that the Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, imposts, duties,
excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United
States; but all imposts, duties, and excises shall be uniformed throughout the United States (Brady).
There are a total of 27 expressed powers listed in the Constitution. Congress retains a number of
special powers. It can act as a judicial body to impeach and try a president or other civil officer for
misconduct. For example, the House of Representatives impeaches the official and Senate does a
trial. Congress is also empowered to create and use administrative agencies and boards, such as the
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, to determine facts and to enforce its

Polk And Roosevelt Compare And Contrast
For over two hundred years, our country has been served by many presidents who changed our
country; from turning territories into states to establishing borders around the United States of
America, our presidents' have been in the forefront of our ever–changing country. James Knox Polk
and Theodore Roosevelt transformed the face of the US by their actions as president: these include,
but are not limited to, expanding America, being involved and active in foreign affairs, and assuring
equality for all citizens of this country. While serving their terms, both presidents signed a plethora
of treaties, declared multiple wars, and passed various laws which helped shaped the United States
of America into what it is known as today. James K. Polk and Theodore Roosevelt completed
numerous actions that were both very similar as well as had beliefs that were contradicting to one
another. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a very intelligent young man, Polk went into the University of North Carolina in 1816 as a
sophomore in high school. He graduated with honors in 1818 and then went on to practice law under
Felix Grundy who, at the time, was a lawyer in Nashville. During his legal studies, James obtained a
job as the clerk of the state senate which had a major impact on his political career. Eventually, his
hard work was rewarded when he received an offer to become a member of the Tennessee House of
Representatives. James married his wife, Sarah Childress, in 1824; she was known as the most
"politically dominant president's wife" because of how involved she was in various situations. She,
along with many other people, impacted James's life as a politician

A Short Biography of William McKinley
Introduction A. Background information B. Anecdote C. Map
Early Life/Student A. Serious Student B. Allegheny College i. Illness caused dropout C. Worked
full–time ii. Worked as clerk
Military Career A. Enlisted after war started B. Went up rankings quickly i. Went up for courage C.
Fought in savage battles ii. Battle of Antietam Creek
Lawyer Career A. Entered Albany Law School B. Opened Law Office i. Partner Judge George W.
Belden ii. Opened in Canton, Ohio C. Met Ida Saxton iii. Married on January 25, 1871 D. Children
iiii. Had Katie in 1871 iiiii. 1873, had Ida Political ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Grant.
In the summer of 1869, McKinley met Ida Saxton. On January 25, 1871 they got married. On
Christmas day, their first child Katie was born. In 1873 they had a second child, Ida. Within a few
months, the baby died. Then in 1876 Katie died of typhoid fever. The couple were grief–stricken. In
the 1876 election McKinley was elected to Congress. He served as congressmen from 1877 to 1883.
He was narrowly defeated in the 1882 election, but served again from 1885 to 1991. In 1891, he was
elected as the Governor of Ohio. He served two terms as governor, from 1892 to 1896. In 1896
McKinley campaigned for president. He had help from some notable businessmen, such as J.P.
Morgan. On election day, McKinley won by a comfortable margin. In the White House, McKinley's
presidency began on a promising note. On July 24, 1897 McKinley signed the Dingley Tariff Act,
which raised the tax rates on imported goods to an average of 52 percent. After the sinking of the
ship USS Maine, Americans became increasingly angry at Spain. By, August 1898, the Spanish–
American War was over. On December 10, 1898, Spain and the United States signed the Treaty of
Paris.
Spain gave the U.S. Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippine Islands. But by taking control of those
countries, William McKinley forced America to become a world power.
In the 1900 presidential election, McKinley faced William Jennings Bryan, the Democratic
candidate. The question was if the United

House Of Representatives Essay
The U.S. House of Representatives most important job is creating laws. Every law in the United
states start as bills, but before a bill can become a law it has to be approved by the U.S. House of
Representatives, the President, and the U.S. Senate. All laws start as ideas. Various ideas may come
from just a ordinary American citizen or even a Representative. People who have ideas for laws may
contact their Representative to share it with them. In the case that the Representative agrees with
their idea, they will do their research and write them into bills. After the Representative has written a
bill, the bill then needs to have a sponsor. They reach out to other Representatives and explain the
bill with hope that they will get their support ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
House of Representatives, a number that starts with H.R. is assigned to it by a bill clerk. The bill is
then read over by a reading clerk to all the Representatives. Last the bill is sent to one of the House
standing committees by the Speaker of the House. Once the bill has reached the committee, the
groups of Representatives and committee members which are the experts on various topics like
education, international relations, or agriculture, all research, revise, and review the bill before they
vote on whether they should sent the bill back tto the House floor or not. In the case that the
committee members decide they want more information before making a decision if the bill should
be sent to the House floor, they send the bill to something called a subcommittee, this is where the
bill is examined closely and opinions from experts are brought together before sending the bill back
to the committee for a approval. Once the committee has finally approved the bill, it will be sent
and/ or reported to the House of floor. At that point the bill is ready to be debated by the U.S. House
of Representatives. The next process is when the bill is debated, representatives talk over the bill
and explain to each other whether they agree or disagree with

Park Service Policy
"Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in
Congress assembled, That there is hereby created in the Department of the Interior a service to be
called the National Park Service, which shall be under the charge of a director, who shall be
appointed by the Secretary and who shall receive a salary of $4,500 per annum. There shall also be
appointed by the Secretary the following assistants and other employees at the salaries designated:
One assistant director, at $2,500 per annum; one chief clerk, at $2.000 per annum; one draftsman, at
$1,800 per annum; one messenger, at $600 per annum; and, in addition thereto, such other
employees as the Secretary of the Interior shall deem necessary: Provided, That not more than
$8,100 annually shall be expended for salaries of experts, assistants, and employees within the
District of Columbia not herein specifically enumerated unless previously authorized by law. The
service thus established shall promote and regulate the use of the ... Show more content on
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This act is stating that it is apart of the Department of Interior; part of the executive branch of the
U.S. government. This was a law created by the Congress that established the highest order of legal
authority over national parks. A policy where a group of people came together in 1916 and decided
to make a law/policy to set aside special and unique land so it wouldn't be used for any franchise
purposes. Its a way of conserving the "scenery or the natural or historic objects in any such park
monument or reservation." (NPS.gov, 2002) This is a way of saying that the national forest,
seashores, monuments, and other amazing sites that are now called "National Parks" will not be
touched for any other purposes other than recreational uses like; backpacking, hiking, rock climbing,
horse bike riding and other uses of enjoying the environment instead of harming it. (Law Cornell,

Fenian Raids and the Liberation of Ireland
The Fenians sought to outflank the British Coast Guards stationed in Canada with guerilla warfare.
Their plan was to cause a bloody rebellion until news that the treatment of the Irish has improved or
until the patience of England is quite worn out. The lyrics "..we're going to fight for Ireland.... And
we'll go and capture, for we've got nothing else to do" exemplifies the Fenians rentlesslesnes and the
pride they took in trying to liberate Ireland.
Copies of the proclamation of General T. W. Sweeny to the People of British America had been
distributed around Fenian camps. In his proclamation, General Sweeny makes it evident that he
opposes British rule in Ireland. He quickly moves forward and states that the people of Ireland are
taking action against their oppressors, the British. Sweeny then informs the British Americans that
while the Irish are at war with the British power in England, they have no quarrel with the people in
the British Provinces of Canada. In fact, he points out that the Irish wish to have nothing more than
friendly relations with the British Americans. Sweeny asserts that the Irish are not seeking to invade
the privileges of the British Americans but are seeking to invade those of the power of England. He
again points out that the Irish are not in Canada as murderers, robbers, nor plunderers, but are there
as the Irish Army of Liberation, the friends of liberty against despotism, of democracy against
aristocracy, and of the people against their

The Subcommitative Process: The Legislative Process
For every law to be passed, no matter the simplicity or momentousness it may present, it must
undergo a rigorous acceptance process. This course of development is known as the Legislative
Process. The several steps on the congressional agenda begin with the introduction of the bill itself.
In the House, a bill is presented to the speaker, while Senators introduce them to a senate clerk or
from the floor, according to the textbook. The module reiterates the fact that after the initial
introduction, potential bills are referred to the House and Senate committees. Following the
introduction, it must be determined whether or not the bill exists to actually solve a relevant problem
in our country. This is where the subcommittee comes into play. While the module simply tells us
that the subcommittee must meet to consider and advance the bill, the book takes us into a much
deeper process. In order for a bill to find itself on the congressional agenda, it needs to have a
dynamic relevance to society. While issues like foreign aid, national debt, and social security have
been brought up several times, topics ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The House and Senate have different ways of undergoing this step. In the reading, we are vaguely
told that the full committee considers the bill, and if approved goes to the Full House/Senate.
However, the Dynamic Legislative module breaks down the steps of this important third process.
The Full House goes about this approval step by conversation with colleagues and leadership,
developing arguments to defend, and getting the media involved. However, the Senate begins
considering adjustments, assessing opposition arguments, counting likely votes, developing a list of
supporters, and working with interest groups. The extent of this third step was described
fantastically in the module as opposed to the bland summation the book

Argument Resume : Samuel Bryan ' Centinel ' Essay
Debate Resume: Samuel Bryan "Centinel" Greg Peterson DOB: 1759 ANTI–FEDERALIST STATE
OF BIRTH: Samuel Bryan was born in Pennsylvania in 1759. Pennsylvania at the time was very
ethnically and religiously diverse; at one point one third of the population was German. Even before
the Constitutional Convention, Pennsylvania was very important. For example, during the pre–
Revolutionary War and Revolutionary War years, Pennsylvania held both Continental Congresses.
Even then, the state excelled economically, especially in the iron and grain milling productions,
which are the predecessors of manufacturing and industrialization. By 1787, Pennsylvania had
invented the steamboat. However, also during 1787, the Constitutional Convention was held in
Philadelphia. The convention was most likely chosen to be in Pennsylvania because of its history of
holding important gatherings, it contained a large amount of people, it was large geographically, it
was wealthy, and it was predominantly Federalist–influenced. OCCUPATION AND SOCIO–
ECONOMIC BACKGROUND: Samuel Bryan was the son of two Irish Presbyterian immigrants,
George Bryan and Elizabeth Smith Bryan. The family was not poor or uneducated like other Anti–
Federalists because Elizabeth's father, Samuel Smith, was a prominent Presbyterian merchant.
Moreover, George Bryan also supported the family because he was a judge in Pennsylvania's
Supreme Court from 1780 to 1791. George Bryan supported Pennsylvania's Constitution of

Texas Constitution
Comparing and Contrasting the Texas and U.S Constitutions
The Texas Constitution (1876) as well as the United States Constitution (1791) have a plethora of
similarities conceptually, as they are both rooted with the same ideologies of democracy. However,
what sets these two documents apart is that the Texas constitution goes into more depth on laws and
how its government works. In contrast, the US Constitution is more vague allowing it to be a far
more timeless and living document. This paper will be comparing and contrasting these four
provisions from the U.S and Texas Constitutions: The Bill of Rights, amending the constitution, the
legislative branch, and the executive branch. The Bill of Rights is one of the many provisions ...
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The Executive branch is seen as the head of all three branches and is the one that we believe holds
the most power. The Texas Constitution and the U.S Constitution give the powers that this branch
obtains. In this branch both the Governor of Texas and President of the U.S are given powers, such
as minimal removal powers, military powers, message powers, and of course veto powers. Both of
the executive bodies also have a line of succession which is put into effect when either the Governor
of Texas or the President of the United States is impeached. That brings me to the contrast found in
the constitutions when it comes to impeachment, in the National government there are very specific
reasons to why the President would be impeached, for example treason would be one of those. The
Texas Constitution gives the power to impeach the Governor but there are no written out reasons as
to what is an impeachable offense, the House of Representatives decide what is impeachable.
Adding on to the differences between the two the executive body leaders have different
qualifications when it comes to running for that position, to become Governor you have to be 30
years old

The Assassination Of Abraham Lincoln's Life
Abraham Lincoln died at the age of 56 from a shot to the head by John Wilkes Booth and actor at
Ford's theatre in washington D.C where Abe Lincoln was shot on April 14,1865, he was then taken
to the peterson house where he died the next day. He was never really afraid of death as he once
said,"And in the end, it's not the years in your life that count. It's the life in your years."
Lincoln was a man who did everything from being working on a ferryboat and later built a flatboat.
He built a second flatboat as an independent operator.Landed a job as a clerk in general store in New
Salem, he then volunteered to fight indians.Afterwards he focused on studying law and obtained his
license in 1837.President andrew jackson also appointed him postmaster in salem before running for
state legislature 4 times and winning all 4 from 1834 – 1840 in 1846 to win the Whig nomination for
a seat from the Illinois seventh congressional district to the U.S. House of Representatives. in 1846
to win the Whig nomination for a seat from the Illinois seventh congressional district to the U.S.
House of Representatives.Than he became the 16th president of the united states.Another quote abe
Lincoln said was, "I am a slow walker, but I never walk back.". Meaning that he would never turn
back on his decisions.He was the current 16th president of the united states when he was
assassinated. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
who did not survive infancy for unbeknownst

Legislation Of Raising Bills For Raising Revenue
According to Article 1, Section 7 of the Constitution, "All bills for raising revenue shall originate in
the House of Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other
Bills. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before
it become a law, be presented to the President of the United States; if he approve he shall sign it, but
if not he shall return it, with his objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall
enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such
reconsideration two thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the
objections, to the other House, by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In general, a bill will start with a member of Congress, but members of the public, state legislatures,
or the executive branch can also suggest a bill to them. After a congressman decides that they wish
to propose legislation, they then have to submit the bill to their respective house. In the House of
Representatives, all that is needed is to place the bill into a box, while in the Senate, one must file it
with a clerk. To illustrate the process, look at a hypothetical bill introduced in the House. After the
bill has been submitted, it will be recorded in the House Journal and the Congressional record. The
speaker of the house then assigns the bill to a committee. This is an important step and gives the
speaker a large amount of power, as assigning a bill to a committee that will view it unfavorably will
almost certainly result in the death of the bill. After the assignment, the committee will hold sessions
to make any changes they think are important, and if deemed necessary, the chair will send the bill
to a subcommittee. They will hold hearings and do further research before amending the bill, when
it will be returned to the main

Trace The Path Of How A Bill Becomes A Law Case Study
1. Trace the path of how a bill becomes a law in detail from the beginning to end, explaining every
hurdle it might have to overcome along the way.
The law–making process starts when a member of Congress introduces a bill, with several other
members that sponsors to show support for the proposed bill. As soon as the bill is introduced, the
bill is sent to the clerk of the chamber to number the bill: HR 1 for House of Representatives and S 1
for the Senate. Thereafter, the bill is printed and distributed to the appropriate committee/s for the
consideration of the bill. The committee refers the bill to its subcommittee, who researches the bill
and the chair then decides whether to hold hearings or to deny (kill the bill). The subcommittee ...
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The president can wait full 10 days, which makes the bill automatically becomes a law if the
Congress is still in session. And the pocket veto, which is when the president can choose not to sign
the bill, if the congress adjourns before ten days.
2. Define Federalism. Describe how McCulloch v. Maryland forever broadened national
sovereignty. Provide distinct examples of when the national government is sovereign and when the
states are sovereign.
Federalism is a system of government that allocates the power between the national or federal
government and the regional or states government. In 1816, the Congress chartered the Second Bank
of the United States. In 1819, the state of Maryland decided to collect taxes from all the banks that
are not chartered in the state including the Second Bank of the United States, in which James
McCulloch, the head cashier of the Baltimore branch refused to pay taxes. After losing the case in
the Maryland state court, the US secretary of treasury ordered McCulloch to appeal to the U.S
Supreme Court. According to Chief Justice John Marshall, due to the enumerated powers given to
the Congress under the Constitution, the Congress have the power to establish a bank and collect
duties and taxes. The state of Maryland has violated the supremacy clause due to the law that
individual states cannot interfere the national government operations, whose laws are supreme.
Under the

Justice Law : A Research Paper On Supreme Court Justice
Femi Fagbewesa AP GovPol Supreme Court Justice Research Paper 20 December 2017 Neil McGill
Gorsuch was born on August 29, 1967, in Denver, Colorado. His parents were attorneys and his
mother was a member in the Colorado House of Representatives and she eventually was appointed
by Ronald Reagan to be the first female Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. He
graduated from a private high school called Georgetown Prep. While attending, he served United
States Senate Page in the early 80s. Gorsuch went to Columbia University, where he displayed his
conservative views in the Columbia Daily Spectator and The Federalist Papers. He graduated with a
Bachelor's degree in Political Science in 1988 and was also inducted into ... Show more content on
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Gorsuch has made multiple important rulings that range from power of the federal regulators to
freedom of religion. Yellowbear v. Lampert (2014) This case was about a state prisoner in Wyoming
that sued the prison for refusing to let him use the sweat lodge which prevented him from practicing
his Native American faith. He said that this violated a federal statute that protects freedom of
religion for those in prison. The prison dismissed his case because transporting Yellowbear would be
very expensive. YellowBear appealed to the 10th Circuit and they unanimously voted in favor of
Yellowbear. Gorsuch wrote that Yellowbear proved that use of the lodge was an important part of his
faith and said that, "the prison failed to meet the burden of showing a compelling government
interest to disallow the religious practice, carried out in the least restrictive way, as required by
law.". Hobby Lobby v. Sebelius (2013) The Greens is a family that owns an arts and crafts store
called, Hobby Lobby. They sued the head of the HHS (Department of Health and Human Services).
They claimed that freedom of religion laws protected them from the Affordable Care Act obligations
that violated their faith that life begins at conception. They objected to paying for contraceptives that
abort eggs but didn't object to those that blocked fertilization. Because of their

Judicial Branch
The Federal system of government in the United States was built on some of the ideas of
Enlightenment thinkers. The government consists of the Legislative, Executive and Judicial Branch.
Each branch has different but equal responsibilities in governing the citizens of the United States.
Although all of the branches of the government have a hand in the passing and regulating of new
laws, in different situations one branch may have more influence on the passing of a specific law
than the others. In the case of the passing of the law that legalized same sex marriage, the Judicial
branch had the most influence because once a law is either declared constitutional or
unconstitutional by the courts in the judicial branch their decision becomes the ... Show more
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The Texas Attorney General, Luther Strange, states that " the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling is now the
law of the land. Short of the passage of a constitutional amendment protecting marriage as between
one man and one woman, the U.S. Supreme Court has the final say." This shows whatever the
verdict of the Judicial branch is, the verdict needs to be followed as it is now the ruling in America.
The Governor of Ohio also stated that "I've said all along that when the Court makes a decision, we
abide by the law of the land, And they made their determination and–just move on. It doesn't mean
I'm not disappointed, I am, but the decision has been made." Although the governor of Ohio
disagrees with the passing of the law, he accepts the law , as the law was passed through the judicial
branch therefore is now the ruling of the land. This is ultimately shows that the Judicial branch has
had the most influence in the passing of the law that legalized same sex

Creating Laws for the Good of the People
Creating laws for the good of the people is the U.S. House of Representatives' most important job.
Every law in the United States began as a bill, but before a bill can become a law, it must be
approved by the House of Representatives, the Senate, and the President. The creation of a law from
a bill is a lengthy and difficult process but helps ensure that only the best bills while continue as
laws. Laws begin their journey as ideas. These ideas may come from anyone. It could come from a
Representative, or from a citizen like you. If a citizen has an idea for a law, they can contact their
Representatives to discuss their idea. If the Representatives agree, they can research the idea and
write it into a bill. Once a Representative has written a bill, it needs a sponsor. The Representative
will talk with other Representatives about the bill in hopes of getting support for it. Once a bill has a
sponsor and is supported by some of the Representatives, it is ready to be introduced. In the U.S.
House of Representatives, a bill is introduced when it is placed in "the hopper" which is a box on the
side of the clerk's desk. Only Representatives can introduce bills in the U.S. House of
Representatives. A bill clerk then assigns it a number that begins with "H.R." A reading clerk then
reads the bill to all the Representatives, and the Speaker of the House sends the bill to one of the
House standing committees. When the bill gets to committee, committee members–groups of

What Is The Difference Between Congress And Us Elections
The legislature in the U.S. and the U.K. differ in some pretty important ways. First, in regards to
Parliament, the entire legislature is dissolved at least once every five years, and new elections are
held for every seat. In the United States, Representatives and Senators are elected based on term
lengths instead. Second, in the UK, the House of Commons is mostly the only house in Parliament
that gets elected directly by the people. This is different from Congress because, in the US, both the
House and the Senate are elected. The Legislative process itself also differs markedly between
Congress and Parliament. In the U.S, legislation must pass in the same form through both houses of
Congress before it can be sent to the President's desk. Either ... Show more content on
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This is probably due to the fact that the House of Commons is the one that the people show up to
vote for. Currently there are 650 members of the House of Commons (). Elections for these seats are
held based on something called constituencies. These are based on geographical features, local
government boundaries, land area and population ("Parliamentary Elections" 2007, 5). The average
population of a constituency is about 68,500 people ("Parliamentary Elections" 2007, 5). These seats
are all vacated at least once every five years, and new elections are held to fill them. Interestingly,
elections in the United Kingdom tend to be a very different type of event than the elections we are
used to here in the states. General election campaigns typically only last about three weeks
("Parliamentary Elections" 2007, 6) The amount of money that parties can spend on elections is
restricted based on the number of candidates it puts up, and currently sits at 19.77 million for a party
that contests all the seats in the House of Commons ("Parliamentary Elections" 2007, 6). Paid
political advertising on both radio and television is not allowed, and television coverage of elections
is required to be impartial ("Parliamentary Elections" 2007, 6). This is a vastly different political
atmosphere than the one we are used to in the United States, where elections are huge events that
result in the spending of billions of dollars in a particular election cycle ("Election,"

Harry S. Truman Essay
Biography
1. Date of Birth & Birth Place
Harry S. Truman was born on May 8, 1884 in Lamar, Missouri.
2. Childhood
John A. Truman sold and bought livestock form a lot adjacent to their house when Harry was first
born. When Harry was ten months old the
Trumans sold their house and stocklot to move to Harrisonville, Missouri.
From Harrisonville they moved to Belton, then to Grandview, and finally settled in Independence,
Missouri when Harry Truman was six years old.
President Truman was the oldest of three children and the only one born in
Lamar. His brother John Vivian, was born on April 25, 1885, at Belton,
Missouri and his sister, Mary Jane, was born August 12, 1889, in ... Show more content on
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In 1901, when
Truman graduated from high school, his future was uncertain. College had been ruled out by his
family&#8217;s financial situation, and appointment to the U.S.
Military Academy at West Point was eliminated by his poor eyesight.
4. Family
Harry S. Truman&#8217;s family included his father John Anderson Truman and his mother
Martha Ellen Young Truman. His siblings included his sister
Mary Jane Truman and his brother John Vivian Truman.
5. Prior Employment Before the Presidency
In 1901 Harry began work as a timekeeper for the Santa Fe Railroad at $35 per month, and in his
spare time he read histories and encyclopedias.
He later moved to Kansas City, where he worked as a mail clerk for the
Kansas City Star, then as a clerk for the National Bank of Commerce, and finally as a bookkeeper
for the Union National Bank. In 1906 he was called home to help his parents run his
grandmother&#8217;s large farm in Grandview,
Missouri. For the next ten years, Truman was a successful farmer. When his dad died in 1914 he
succeeded him as a road overseer. An argument soon ended the job, but Truman became the
Grandview postmaster. In 1915 he invested in lead mines in Missouri, lost his money, and then
turned to the oil fields of Oklahoma. Two years later, just

The Legislative Branch Is The Part Of The Government
The Legislative Branch is the part of the government that writes and votes on laws, but can also be
referred to as legislation. It has other powers such as declaring war, confirming Presidential
appointments, and checking for power. The government has three branches: legislative, executive
and judicial branch. Each branch has its own powers and responsibilities, which are working with
the other branches. They are allowed to check to make sure that one another does not have too much
power, this is referred to as Checks and Balances."All Legislative Powers herein granted shall be
vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of
Representatives."(Source 1). The House of Representatives consist of 435 members, which are
divided with the 50 states by their total population. The presiding officer of the is the Speaker of the
House who is also elected by the House of Representatives. This speaker is third as to becoming
successful in becoming president. Those who want to join the House of Representatives are elected
every two years. The Legislative branch is made up of the House and Senate, or it is also known as
the Congress. The legislative branch has various organizations such as: Architect of the Capitol
,Center for Legislative Archives, National Archives and Records Administration, and Congressional
Budget Office. To qualify you also must be 25 years old and a United States citizen.
The House of Representatives has several

The Lobbyist Group
In general, a lobbyist group is a sort of effective network system that consists from paid
professionals and also volunteers, with efforts in persuasion the legislators to produce and support
policies that the lobbyist groups interested. All American institutions can be represented by a
lobbyist, such as Pharmaceuticals, insurance, air transport, health professionals, and others. To reach
the goals of the interest group and lobbyist in persuasion in reforming policies, billions of dollars
need to be spent by them. According to the Lobbying Disclosure Act, the money that paid for
lobbying needs to be registered with the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House. Health
care lobbying is one of the big lobbyists in the United States, ... Show more content on
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On another hand, the American Medical Association (AMA) is the largest group in U.S. that
includes physician and medical professionals. Regardless of any industrial lobbyists, AMA group is
ranks number 5 in the amount of money spending. As the group is composed of health care
professionals, it is obvious the huge impact of its efforts on the life of population. Although AMA
group was supported the Affordable Care Act in 2010, they again support the new bill which cut the
federal financial support of millions of Americans. Unfortunately, the group representing the
medical field interest as type of business with its money earning level, not the patient interest with
affordable services. They support free health market, not the single– payer system, the suggestion of
deceasing the federal finance support of Medicaid program will have severe health impact on
millions of low income families in the country (Terry, 2017). Finally, the American Hospital
Association is another large lobbyist in the country that represents more than 5000 hospitals,
healthcare systems, networks, and other care providers. Looking on the same previous example,
AHA is one of the big fighters against the new Affordable Care Act partial reform law. As one of the
largest hospital industry representatives, such new law which results in millions of people losing
their health coverage will certainly lead to harm the financial stability of them (Dickson,

The United State Is Run By The Government Essay
The United State is run by the government. Every single states have the representatives of civil in
the Congress. Texas is not an exception. We have one representative in the House of the
Representative who is Gene Green. We also have two Senators in the Senate who are John Cornyn
and Ted Cruz. In this essay, we will discuss and assess of these individual's representation.
First, Gene Green, who is a member of the Democratic Party, is currently serving to represent for
Texas's 29th congressional district in the U.S House. He was first elected to the U.S House in 1992,
and has served for 24 years in his current position. Green married Helen Albers Green in 1970 and
received a bachelor's degree in Business Administration from the University of Houston in 1971. He
is a member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. He used to be a business manager and a
private attorney before attending to Congress. Since being a representative, Green has achieved
much success in "health issues, energy, education, labor, domestic manufacturing, and preserving
Social Security and veterans benefits" (Washington, DC Office). He is a Methodist and his race is
white.
Second, John Cornyn, who is also white person, is a Republican and 64 years old this year. In 2002,
he was first elected to the United Senate and he has served for 14 years. In 1979, John married
Sandy Hansen, and they have two daughters together. He was a district judge for six years in San
Antonio, after that, he served for the Texas

A Just Leader, Henry Clay
A Just Leader, Henry Clay
Former Secretary of State, Henry clay, was born on April 12, 1777 in Hanover County, Virginia.
Henry Clay's parents were Reverend John Clay and Elizabeth Hudson Clay and in addition to him
they had six children. Reverend John Clay died in 1781 when Henry Clay was only four years old.
His father's death resulted in a meager upbringing in which continued even when his mother
remarried. As a young boy, he obtained a public education in a small rural school in Virginia and to
assist his family financially he found employment plowing fields; working in mills; and eventually
as a store clerk. Henry Clay married the daughter of Colonel Thomas Hart, Lucretia Hart on April
11, 1799 and together they had eleven children. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This young lawyer's career quickly excelled and transitioned into politics as he became a member of
the State House of Representatives in 1803. His political career continues as he defies the odds by
being voted into the US Senate from 1806 to 1807 although he is not the required age of 30. Henry
Clay's career continued to alternate between the House of Representatives and the Senate at both the
State and Federal level until 1914. He was then "appointed as one of the commissioners to negotiate
the treaty of peace with Great Britain in 1814" (Henry Clay – People – Department History – Office
of the Historian). "Clay had come to the House as a War Hawk, a leader who vocally pushed his
government to confront the British over its conscription of American seamen" (Henry Clay
Biography–BIO), he was perfect for the job. As a result, Clay decisively received his desire and
America went to war with England. Even though Clay strongly pressed for war, he ironically was a
major benefactor in creating peace between the countries.
On March 7, 1828 President John Quincy Adams selected Henry Clay to perform the duties of the
Secretary of State. He filled this position until March 3, 1829. Consistent with everything that he
did, Henry Clay stressed trade and industry expansion in his negotiations. As the Secretary of State,
Henry Clay's influences to national strategy resulted in the nick name, the

The National Association of the Advancement of Colored People
The National Association of the Advancement of Colored People Almost 500,000 Americans of all
races are members of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP),
the largest civil rights organization in the world and probably the largest secular citizens action
agency in the nation. Founded in 1909, the NAACP is the oldest civil rights organization as well as
the most powerful and the most respected today. The NAACP is the national spokesperson for black
Americans and other minorities, and for those who support civil rights objectives in America.
Organized in virtually every city and town where black Americans reside, the NAACP both
articulates the grievances of black Americans and protects their ... Show more content on
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Mfume was expecting "direct, immediate action by the White House, the U.S. Justice Department
and the NY Mayor's Office" ("NY Protest"). On November 9, 1999, Florida Governor Jeb Bush
"empowered the Board of Regents and the Florida Legislature to do away with Affirmative Action"
with the proposal of the One Florida Initiative (Haggard). A coalition of civil rights, labor, women's
rights, federal and state legislators, and religious leaders called for a March on Tallahassee in order
to demonstrate the amount of support that affirmative action has in the state. This is only done
following a 25–hour sit–in led by Florida State Senator Kendrick Meek and Representative Tony
Hill January 18–19, 2000. That sit–in ended when Governor Bush agreed to three public hearings on
his One Florida Initiative (Haggard). For Election Day 2000, the Data Retrieval Team (DART)
became foot canvassers. This team was composed of volunteers who walked from house to house
putting up door hangers/sample ballots and trying to influence the people at the doors to vote
("Election"). The homes targeted were not only those of black Americans, but of other minorities as
well (Hilary). Since 1914, the NAACP Legislative Report Card has functioned as a presentation of
significant civil rights votes taken in the United States Senate and the United States House of
Representatives. This Report

The Bill Becomes A Law Essay
The process in which a bill becomes a law can be a lengthy one; it must go through many steps in
order to become the law of the land. It is believed that this process should be a matter that every
American citizen should be informed of in order to fully understand and appreciate the inner
workings of congress with regard to The House of Representatives and the Senate. The steps in
which a bill becomes a law is an example of the democratic way of life here in The United States.
"The fact that a proposal cannot become a law without consideration and approval by both houses of
congress is an outstanding virtue of our bicameral legislative system." (Maes 1–2) Anyone can
create a bill not just a member of congress. Any citizen, group or organization can "draw" up a bill
just from an idea. The right to petition is guaranteed by the first amendment. These bills are usually
written in the form of a letter. It is estimated that more then 15,000 bills are introduced to The House
of Representatives and the Senate each year. Each one is then assigned to a committee after it is
given a number. Twenty–two of these committees belong to The House of Representatives and
fifteen to the Senate. There are four types of committees, they are; the Standing Committee, The
Select Committee, The Conference Committee and The Joint Committee. The Standing Committee
deals with issues regarding permanent legislation. The Select Committee deals with temporary
issues that are in need of

Law As A Member Of Congress Essay
Law in the United States is created by starting as an idea from many places including a Member of
Congress, a Members constituents, as well as the President of the United States or a private group. A
bill can also be introduced by placing it into the hopper during the active session of Congress. The
bills can be formed by either the Senate or the House of Representatives, except for bills for revenue
or appropriation which start in The House of Representatives. A bill will either be private–
immigrations and naturalization, claims against the U.S., or public–issues to do with the public.
Regardless of which house creates and presents the final proposed bill, the process they follow is
identical. The initial draft of the bill is written and the clerk will assign it a number proceeded by an
S when it is going through the Senate and an H.R. for the House of Representatives. ... Show more
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The committee will review the bill and make any changes if necessary. It will then be scheduled for
presentation to the Senate or the House of Representatives for debate, amendments, and put up for
vote. Sometimes a bill can be affected by a filibuster which may prevent it from going to vote. If it
passes by a majority vote, at least 218 from the House of Representatives, and at least 51 from the
Senate, it then becomes an engrossed bill. Next the bill is presented to be voted by congress and if
approved by the majority vote, it is sent to the president where it is either signed and becomes a law,
or it is vetoed. If the President vetoes the bill it can still become a law if congress votes with 2/3 to
pass it. Also if the President does not return the bill to the house of origination stating his issues for
not signing it into a law or vetoing it, the bill will also become a

Patsy Matsu Takemoto Mink ( 1927-2002 )

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Patsy Matsu Takemoto Mink ( 1927-2002 )