The document discusses Frank Lloyd Wright's Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City. It provides background on Wright and his organic modern design philosophy. Wright spent 15 years designing the museum as a continuous spiral ramp gallery to house Solomon Guggenheim's non-objective painting collection. The unique building was controversial but is now considered one of Wright's most famous works and an architectural landmark housing many temporary exhibits.
The Guggenheim Museum in New York City was designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright and constructed between 1956-1959. It has a distinctive spiral structure with galleries arranged in a continuous ramp around a large open space lit by a central skylight. In the 1990s, a controversial rectangular tower was added to the top of Wright's original design. The museum is located on Fifth Avenue near Central Park and houses the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation's collection of modern art.
Frank Lloyd Wright was an influential American architect known for pioneering organic architecture that aimed to harmonize structures with their natural surroundings. One of his most famous works is Fallingwater, a house built in 1937 near Mill Run, Pennsylvania. Fallingwater is built directly over a 30-foot waterfall, with terraces that echo the rock ledges below. Wright designed the house so that its residents could experience the waterfall as part of their daily life, with water sounds heard throughout. The home exemplifies Wright's organic style through its integration with the surrounding forest and use of local materials like stone.
Daniel Libeskind's addition to the Jewish Museum Berlin uses metaphor, fragmentation, void, and disorientation to communicate the displacement and suffering of Jewish people in Germany. The building's overall distorted Star of David shape contains three underground axes representing continuity, emigration, and the Holocaust. Features like the narrow and unheated Holocaust Tower and empty, unlit Voids symbolize that which cannot be exhibited about Jewish history in Berlin. The Garden of Exile further disorients visitors to represent the instability felt by those forced out of Germany. Libeskind's deconstructivist design successfully tells the story of Jewish culture through architectural form.
The Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center in Baku, Azerbaijan is a 57,519 square meter complex designed by architect Zaha Hadid and completed in 2012. The fluid, curved forms are meant to blur the lines between interior and exterior, avoiding sharp angles in favor of continuous surfaces. Key features include an auditorium, museum, library, and outdoor cultural plaza that connects to an underground parking garage. The building uses concrete, steel, and over 17,000 fiberglass panels to create its distinctive geometric shapes and provide an immersive experience for visitors.
Philip Johnson was an American architect born in 1906 who is known for introducing the International Style of modern architecture to the United States. He began his career focusing on the stark glass and steel styles of Mies van der Rohe but later incorporated more ornamental historical elements. Johnson had a significant influence through his pioneering use of glass in buildings, experimenting with all-glass facades in projects like the AT&T Building, now the Sony Tower. He believed architecture was about organizing interior space and designed notable buildings like the Crystal Cathedral featuring dramatic glass structures.
Capitol complex, Case Study & (Chandigarh & Brasilia)Saurav Chaudhary
1) The document provides details about the Capitol Complex in Chandigarh, India, which was designed by Le Corbusier. It includes buildings like the Assembly, High Court, Secretariat, and Open Hand Monument.
2) The Assembly building has a square plan with an hyperbolic shell chamber surrounded by a columned hall. It follows the British model with main rooms and offices around the perimeter.
3) The High Court symbolizes the majesty, power and fear of law. It has 8 courtrooms and a triple height main courtroom separated by a portico. Its geometry is based on squares and the golden ratio.
4) The 10-story Secretariat houses administrative offices. It was
The Seattle Public Library was designed by Rem Koolhaas and LMN Architects. It features an 11-level glass structure located in Seattle, Washington. The library's most distinctive feature is the book "spiral" - a continuous sloped surface with shelves that allows patrons easy access to materials. The interior is divided into zones including a parking area, public reading rooms, cafe, and main library space. The building's flexible and open design was meant to accommodate future expansions and innovations in information access.
The document discusses Frank Lloyd Wright's Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City. It provides background on Wright and his organic modern design philosophy. Wright spent 15 years designing the museum as a continuous spiral ramp gallery to house Solomon Guggenheim's non-objective painting collection. The unique building was controversial but is now considered one of Wright's most famous works and an architectural landmark housing many temporary exhibits.
The Guggenheim Museum in New York City was designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright and constructed between 1956-1959. It has a distinctive spiral structure with galleries arranged in a continuous ramp around a large open space lit by a central skylight. In the 1990s, a controversial rectangular tower was added to the top of Wright's original design. The museum is located on Fifth Avenue near Central Park and houses the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation's collection of modern art.
Frank Lloyd Wright was an influential American architect known for pioneering organic architecture that aimed to harmonize structures with their natural surroundings. One of his most famous works is Fallingwater, a house built in 1937 near Mill Run, Pennsylvania. Fallingwater is built directly over a 30-foot waterfall, with terraces that echo the rock ledges below. Wright designed the house so that its residents could experience the waterfall as part of their daily life, with water sounds heard throughout. The home exemplifies Wright's organic style through its integration with the surrounding forest and use of local materials like stone.
Daniel Libeskind's addition to the Jewish Museum Berlin uses metaphor, fragmentation, void, and disorientation to communicate the displacement and suffering of Jewish people in Germany. The building's overall distorted Star of David shape contains three underground axes representing continuity, emigration, and the Holocaust. Features like the narrow and unheated Holocaust Tower and empty, unlit Voids symbolize that which cannot be exhibited about Jewish history in Berlin. The Garden of Exile further disorients visitors to represent the instability felt by those forced out of Germany. Libeskind's deconstructivist design successfully tells the story of Jewish culture through architectural form.
The Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center in Baku, Azerbaijan is a 57,519 square meter complex designed by architect Zaha Hadid and completed in 2012. The fluid, curved forms are meant to blur the lines between interior and exterior, avoiding sharp angles in favor of continuous surfaces. Key features include an auditorium, museum, library, and outdoor cultural plaza that connects to an underground parking garage. The building uses concrete, steel, and over 17,000 fiberglass panels to create its distinctive geometric shapes and provide an immersive experience for visitors.
Philip Johnson was an American architect born in 1906 who is known for introducing the International Style of modern architecture to the United States. He began his career focusing on the stark glass and steel styles of Mies van der Rohe but later incorporated more ornamental historical elements. Johnson had a significant influence through his pioneering use of glass in buildings, experimenting with all-glass facades in projects like the AT&T Building, now the Sony Tower. He believed architecture was about organizing interior space and designed notable buildings like the Crystal Cathedral featuring dramatic glass structures.
Capitol complex, Case Study & (Chandigarh & Brasilia)Saurav Chaudhary
1) The document provides details about the Capitol Complex in Chandigarh, India, which was designed by Le Corbusier. It includes buildings like the Assembly, High Court, Secretariat, and Open Hand Monument.
2) The Assembly building has a square plan with an hyperbolic shell chamber surrounded by a columned hall. It follows the British model with main rooms and offices around the perimeter.
3) The High Court symbolizes the majesty, power and fear of law. It has 8 courtrooms and a triple height main courtroom separated by a portico. Its geometry is based on squares and the golden ratio.
4) The 10-story Secretariat houses administrative offices. It was
The Seattle Public Library was designed by Rem Koolhaas and LMN Architects. It features an 11-level glass structure located in Seattle, Washington. The library's most distinctive feature is the book "spiral" - a continuous sloped surface with shelves that allows patrons easy access to materials. The interior is divided into zones including a parking area, public reading rooms, cafe, and main library space. The building's flexible and open design was meant to accommodate future expansions and innovations in information access.
TIME , LIFE, WORKS AND
PHILOSOPIES OF F L WRIGHT
Compiled by : Manish Jain Architect Gr. Floor , Ashoka apartment Bhawani Singh RoadC-scheme , Jaipur -302001 Rajasthan ( INDIA)Ph. 91-0141-2743536 , 91-9829063132Email: fdarchitect @gmail.com Web : www.frontdesk.co.in
This document provides information about American architect Robert Venturi and his design philosophies and works. It discusses how Venturi rejected modernist ideas of simplicity and embraced complexity, contradiction, ambiguity, and references to popular and vernacular culture. It summarizes some of his key works like the Vanna Venturi House and additions to the Allen Memorial Art Museum. Venturi incorporated unexpected juxtapositions of elements and aimed to accommodate the inherent conflicts in a site or project. His buildings typically combine architectural styles and references in unconventional ways.
Ar. Richard Rogers, his projects, case study of Richard rogers, case study of Lloyd's building, London, UK, case study of Millennium Dome, London, case study of Centre Pompidou Paris, case study of Inmos Microprocessor Factory, Newport, UK
The MAXXI Museum in Rome, Italy was designed by renowned Iraqi-British architect Zaha Hadid. Completed in 2009, it features two museums for art and architecture across 27,000 square meters. The fluid building has no rigid separation between interior and exterior spaces, with intersecting walls that create both indoor and outdoor galleries lit by a glass roof. It helped establish Hadid's pioneering style of parametricism through innovative design and expansion of formal concepts.
This document provides biographical and professional information on British architect Richard Rogers. It discusses his educational background and the founding of his firm Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners. It highlights some of Rogers' most notable works and awards, including the Centre Georges Pompidou, Lloyd's building, and Millennium Dome. The document also summarizes Rogers' design philosophy which focuses on legibility, transparency, and creating compact, socially integrated cities. It then provides detailed descriptions and images of the innovative Lloyd's building in London and the massive Millennium Dome structure.
The document discusses architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's philosophy of "Less is More" as it relates to architectural design and several of his famous works that exemplified this philosophy. Some key points made in the document include:
- Mies van der Rohe believed that buildings should be stripped down to their essential structural and functional elements without unnecessary ornamentation or complexity.
- His works like the Barcelona Pavilion (1929) and Farnsworth House (1951) featured simple geometric forms, open floor plans, and use of industrial materials like steel and glass to let the structure take center stage.
- Other buildings like the Seagram Building (1958) and Lake Shore Drive Apartments (1951) in
Santiago Calatrava is a Spanish architect and engineer known for designing buildings and structures that resemble moving human figures. He was born in 1951 in Spain and studied architecture and civil engineering. Calatrava draws inspiration from nature and the human body, blending visual style with engineering principles. Some of his notable works include the Turning Torso building in Sweden, the Auditorio de Tenerife concert hall in Spain's Canary Islands, and the Lyon-Satolas TGV railway station in France, which resembles a giant bird. Calatrava's structures are symbolic, using long sweeping lines, and capturing a sense of movement through static designs.
Le Corbusier in his design of buildings in tropical climate wanted to make a ‘pact with nature’
unlike his earlier works of the cold climates where he was to ‘combat the nature’. Le Corbusier’s solar shading
strategy in Unit De Habitation and Capitol complex in Chandigarh are pioneering example for his approach
towards dealing with the harsh tropical climate.
Robert Venturi was an influential American architect known for helping establish postmodern architecture. Some of his key works include the Vanna Venturi House (1964), which featured ornamentation and architectural complexity that challenged modernist design, the Provincial Capitol Building in Toulouse, France (1999), and the Episcopal Academy Chapel (2008). Venturi's buildings often incorporated symbolic cultural references and juxtaposed different architectural styles.
The Heydar Aliyev Centre in Baku, Azerbaijan was designed to establish a continuous, fluid relationship between its surrounding plaza and interior spaces. This was achieved through a combination of a concrete structure and space frame system, which allowed for large column-free interior spaces. The building's skin, made of polyester-reinforced fibreglass panels, helps the structure appear homogenous. The design overcomes the challenges of the site's wind loads and seismic activity through these structural systems.
Its a brief analysis of one world trade center from architectural perspective. It also provides the idea of design concept used to build this building.
The Centre Pompidou in Paris, France is known for its innovative exposed structure and mechanical systems. Key elements include:
1) A large exposed steel structure and color-coded mechanical systems on the exterior create an "inside-out" design.
2) Flexible floorplates are created through a structural system of hollow steel columns, trusses, and cantilevered gerberette beams.
3) The structure utilizes 13 identical structural bays to create column-free interior spaces for its various museum, library, and exhibition functions.
Le Corbusier designed several notable buildings in India in the 1950s, including the Mill Owners' Association Building in Ahmedabad, Villa Shodhan in Ahmedabad, and the Government Museum and Art Gallery in Chandigarh. The Mill Owners' Association Building is a brutalist concrete structure located on the Sabarmati River featuring sun breakers that block direct sunlight while admitting light. Villa Shodhan is a privately owned home in Ahmedabad that was influenced by Le Corbusier's Villa Savoye design. The Government Museum and Art Gallery in Chandigarh houses a collection of art that was relocated from Lahore after the partition of India and Pakistan, with a design by Le Corbusier
The Tianjin Binhai Public Library in Tianjin, China designed by Dutch firm MVRDV looks like a giant eye from the outside. The five-story atrium is framed by staggered bookshelves that form the shape of an eye socket, with a spherical auditorium at the center acting as the pupil. The curving bookshelves provide seating areas for visitors and continue out across the glass facade to form sun shades. However, the tight construction schedule meant planned access to upper bookshelves from behind the atrium had to be dropped.
Frank Lloyd Wright designed Fallingwater in 1935 as a weekend home built over a waterfall in rural Pennsylvania for the Kaufmann family. Wright's organic architecture philosophy aimed to harmonize structures with nature. The design incorporated horizontal and vertical lines to bring the surrounding nature inside through openings framing views of the waterfall. Construction from 1936-1937 cost $155,000, more than the original $35,000 estimate, but created Wright's masterpiece integrating architecture with the natural landscape.
The Seagram Building is a landmark skyscraper in New York City designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in the International Style. It was completed in 1958 and stands 515 feet tall with 38 stories. The building pioneered the use of new structural technologies and expensive materials, making it the most expensive skyscraper of its time. Its distinctive bronze exterior and large open plaza separating it from the street have become iconic examples of modern corporate architecture.
Postmodern architecture emerged in the 1960s as a rejection of the strict functionalism of modern architecture. It sought to reintroduce ornamentation, color, and references to historical styles. Key characteristics included drawing from multiple sources rather than pure forms, moving away from neutral colors, and taking elements from different styles and combining them in new ways. Notable postmodern architects included Robert Venturi, Philip Johnson, and Michael Graves.
Norman Foster is a renowned British architect known for high-tech and sustainable architecture. Some key points about his works and design philosophy:
- He believes architecture should enhance people's quality of life and accommodate technological changes over time.
- His designs emphasize natural light, energy efficiency, and flexible, adaptable spaces.
- Notable works include 30 St Mary Axe (London), known as "The Gherkin", which uses its curved, aerodynamic shape to reduce wind loads and maximize natural ventilation. His City Hall building in London also prioritizes sustainability through its spherical form.
The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City is famous for its distinctive spiral design by architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Wright was commissioned in 1943 to design a new building to house the Museum of Non-Objective Painting. His innovative design features a wide, continuous spiral ramp winding up from the ground floor, allowing visitors to view exhibitions while walking up. The building opened in 1959 and was immediately recognized as an architectural landmark. It remains one of Wright's most famous works and a iconic example of modern architecture.
The document discusses Louis Sullivan and his principle of "form follows function" in architecture. It provides background on Sullivan, describes some of his most famous buildings like the Wainwright Building and Guaranty Building, and how they demonstrated his principle. Sullivan saw that skyscrapers demanded a new aesthetic that echoed their steel frame structure and function on the interior and exterior. He is considered the father of modern American architecture for his rejection of historical ornamentation in favor of designs emphasizing structure and function.
TIME , LIFE, WORKS AND
PHILOSOPIES OF F L WRIGHT
Compiled by : Manish Jain Architect Gr. Floor , Ashoka apartment Bhawani Singh RoadC-scheme , Jaipur -302001 Rajasthan ( INDIA)Ph. 91-0141-2743536 , 91-9829063132Email: fdarchitect @gmail.com Web : www.frontdesk.co.in
This document provides information about American architect Robert Venturi and his design philosophies and works. It discusses how Venturi rejected modernist ideas of simplicity and embraced complexity, contradiction, ambiguity, and references to popular and vernacular culture. It summarizes some of his key works like the Vanna Venturi House and additions to the Allen Memorial Art Museum. Venturi incorporated unexpected juxtapositions of elements and aimed to accommodate the inherent conflicts in a site or project. His buildings typically combine architectural styles and references in unconventional ways.
Ar. Richard Rogers, his projects, case study of Richard rogers, case study of Lloyd's building, London, UK, case study of Millennium Dome, London, case study of Centre Pompidou Paris, case study of Inmos Microprocessor Factory, Newport, UK
The MAXXI Museum in Rome, Italy was designed by renowned Iraqi-British architect Zaha Hadid. Completed in 2009, it features two museums for art and architecture across 27,000 square meters. The fluid building has no rigid separation between interior and exterior spaces, with intersecting walls that create both indoor and outdoor galleries lit by a glass roof. It helped establish Hadid's pioneering style of parametricism through innovative design and expansion of formal concepts.
This document provides biographical and professional information on British architect Richard Rogers. It discusses his educational background and the founding of his firm Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners. It highlights some of Rogers' most notable works and awards, including the Centre Georges Pompidou, Lloyd's building, and Millennium Dome. The document also summarizes Rogers' design philosophy which focuses on legibility, transparency, and creating compact, socially integrated cities. It then provides detailed descriptions and images of the innovative Lloyd's building in London and the massive Millennium Dome structure.
The document discusses architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's philosophy of "Less is More" as it relates to architectural design and several of his famous works that exemplified this philosophy. Some key points made in the document include:
- Mies van der Rohe believed that buildings should be stripped down to their essential structural and functional elements without unnecessary ornamentation or complexity.
- His works like the Barcelona Pavilion (1929) and Farnsworth House (1951) featured simple geometric forms, open floor plans, and use of industrial materials like steel and glass to let the structure take center stage.
- Other buildings like the Seagram Building (1958) and Lake Shore Drive Apartments (1951) in
Santiago Calatrava is a Spanish architect and engineer known for designing buildings and structures that resemble moving human figures. He was born in 1951 in Spain and studied architecture and civil engineering. Calatrava draws inspiration from nature and the human body, blending visual style with engineering principles. Some of his notable works include the Turning Torso building in Sweden, the Auditorio de Tenerife concert hall in Spain's Canary Islands, and the Lyon-Satolas TGV railway station in France, which resembles a giant bird. Calatrava's structures are symbolic, using long sweeping lines, and capturing a sense of movement through static designs.
Le Corbusier in his design of buildings in tropical climate wanted to make a ‘pact with nature’
unlike his earlier works of the cold climates where he was to ‘combat the nature’. Le Corbusier’s solar shading
strategy in Unit De Habitation and Capitol complex in Chandigarh are pioneering example for his approach
towards dealing with the harsh tropical climate.
Robert Venturi was an influential American architect known for helping establish postmodern architecture. Some of his key works include the Vanna Venturi House (1964), which featured ornamentation and architectural complexity that challenged modernist design, the Provincial Capitol Building in Toulouse, France (1999), and the Episcopal Academy Chapel (2008). Venturi's buildings often incorporated symbolic cultural references and juxtaposed different architectural styles.
The Heydar Aliyev Centre in Baku, Azerbaijan was designed to establish a continuous, fluid relationship between its surrounding plaza and interior spaces. This was achieved through a combination of a concrete structure and space frame system, which allowed for large column-free interior spaces. The building's skin, made of polyester-reinforced fibreglass panels, helps the structure appear homogenous. The design overcomes the challenges of the site's wind loads and seismic activity through these structural systems.
Its a brief analysis of one world trade center from architectural perspective. It also provides the idea of design concept used to build this building.
The Centre Pompidou in Paris, France is known for its innovative exposed structure and mechanical systems. Key elements include:
1) A large exposed steel structure and color-coded mechanical systems on the exterior create an "inside-out" design.
2) Flexible floorplates are created through a structural system of hollow steel columns, trusses, and cantilevered gerberette beams.
3) The structure utilizes 13 identical structural bays to create column-free interior spaces for its various museum, library, and exhibition functions.
Le Corbusier designed several notable buildings in India in the 1950s, including the Mill Owners' Association Building in Ahmedabad, Villa Shodhan in Ahmedabad, and the Government Museum and Art Gallery in Chandigarh. The Mill Owners' Association Building is a brutalist concrete structure located on the Sabarmati River featuring sun breakers that block direct sunlight while admitting light. Villa Shodhan is a privately owned home in Ahmedabad that was influenced by Le Corbusier's Villa Savoye design. The Government Museum and Art Gallery in Chandigarh houses a collection of art that was relocated from Lahore after the partition of India and Pakistan, with a design by Le Corbusier
The Tianjin Binhai Public Library in Tianjin, China designed by Dutch firm MVRDV looks like a giant eye from the outside. The five-story atrium is framed by staggered bookshelves that form the shape of an eye socket, with a spherical auditorium at the center acting as the pupil. The curving bookshelves provide seating areas for visitors and continue out across the glass facade to form sun shades. However, the tight construction schedule meant planned access to upper bookshelves from behind the atrium had to be dropped.
Frank Lloyd Wright designed Fallingwater in 1935 as a weekend home built over a waterfall in rural Pennsylvania for the Kaufmann family. Wright's organic architecture philosophy aimed to harmonize structures with nature. The design incorporated horizontal and vertical lines to bring the surrounding nature inside through openings framing views of the waterfall. Construction from 1936-1937 cost $155,000, more than the original $35,000 estimate, but created Wright's masterpiece integrating architecture with the natural landscape.
The Seagram Building is a landmark skyscraper in New York City designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in the International Style. It was completed in 1958 and stands 515 feet tall with 38 stories. The building pioneered the use of new structural technologies and expensive materials, making it the most expensive skyscraper of its time. Its distinctive bronze exterior and large open plaza separating it from the street have become iconic examples of modern corporate architecture.
Postmodern architecture emerged in the 1960s as a rejection of the strict functionalism of modern architecture. It sought to reintroduce ornamentation, color, and references to historical styles. Key characteristics included drawing from multiple sources rather than pure forms, moving away from neutral colors, and taking elements from different styles and combining them in new ways. Notable postmodern architects included Robert Venturi, Philip Johnson, and Michael Graves.
Norman Foster is a renowned British architect known for high-tech and sustainable architecture. Some key points about his works and design philosophy:
- He believes architecture should enhance people's quality of life and accommodate technological changes over time.
- His designs emphasize natural light, energy efficiency, and flexible, adaptable spaces.
- Notable works include 30 St Mary Axe (London), known as "The Gherkin", which uses its curved, aerodynamic shape to reduce wind loads and maximize natural ventilation. His City Hall building in London also prioritizes sustainability through its spherical form.
The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City is famous for its distinctive spiral design by architect Frank Lloyd Wright. Wright was commissioned in 1943 to design a new building to house the Museum of Non-Objective Painting. His innovative design features a wide, continuous spiral ramp winding up from the ground floor, allowing visitors to view exhibitions while walking up. The building opened in 1959 and was immediately recognized as an architectural landmark. It remains one of Wright's most famous works and a iconic example of modern architecture.
The document discusses Louis Sullivan and his principle of "form follows function" in architecture. It provides background on Sullivan, describes some of his most famous buildings like the Wainwright Building and Guaranty Building, and how they demonstrated his principle. Sullivan saw that skyscrapers demanded a new aesthetic that echoed their steel frame structure and function on the interior and exterior. He is considered the father of modern American architecture for his rejection of historical ornamentation in favor of designs emphasizing structure and function.
The Chicago School was an early modern architectural movement that flourished in Chicago from the 1880s until around 1910. Key features included steel-frame construction allowing for large windows, minimal ornamentation, and influences from European modernism. Louis Sullivan is considered a founder and pioneered modern skyscrapers. A Second Chicago School emerged in the 1940s under Mies van der Rohe focusing on new structural systems like tube frames.
EARLY MODERN ERA
culmination of iron-frame architecture (Crystal Palace, Eiffel Tower),Chicago school: skyscrapers (Jenney), functionalism (Sullivan)
international style (Gropius, Corbusier, Mies),Wright (organic architecture
Frank Lloyd Wright was an influential American architect known for his pioneering works and promoting organic architecture in harmony with nature. He designed over 1,000 structures in his career, including the iconic Guggenheim Museum in New York City. The museum features a continuous spiral ramp gallery extending up from the ground along the outer edge, allowing visitors to view the collection from the top down. Wright drew inspiration from nature in the museum's geometric forms and use of light. The Guggenheim helped cement Wright's legacy as one of the greatest architects of the 20th century.
The document provides details about the Louvre Museum in Paris, including its history and renovation by architect I.M. Pei in the late 1980s. The Louvre was originally built as a medieval fortress in the 12th century and gradually expanded over centuries to become one of the largest palaces in Europe. In the 1980s renovation, Pei designed a glass pyramid at the museum's entrance to provide a modern architectural element and improve circulation. Though initially controversial, the pyramid has become an iconic part of the Louvre and helped make it the most visited art museum globally.
The Louvre Museum in Paris originally started as a medieval fortress before becoming a royal palace. In the late 1980s, architect I.M. Pei led a renovation that included adding a glass pyramid at the museum's entrance to improve circulation. The pyramid structure was controversial but ultimately became an iconic part of the Louvre complex.
The Guggenheim Museum in New York is located in Manhattan and features a distinctive spiral design. Architect Frank Lloyd Wright designed the building in the late 1950s as a white cylindrical structure with galleries arranged in an illuminated spiral ramp. Visitors view artwork as they walk up the ramp, taking inspiration from Babylonian ziggurats. The museum has 6 floors of exhibition space topped by a glass dome and offers panoramic views of Central Park from its location on the Upper East Side.
The document provides biographical information about American architect Louis Henry Sullivan. It discusses that he is considered the "father of skyscrapers" and the "father of modernism". Sullivan helped pioneer steel-frame construction and designed notable buildings like the Wainwright Building in St. Louis, considered one of the first skyscrapers. The document also summarizes Sullivan's career and influence on architecture, as well as providing details about some of his landmark designs.
Late modern architecture and post modern architectureOnal Kothari
Late Modern architecture took the ideas and motifs of Modernism to extremes, emphasizing structure, technology, and mechanical elements. Examples include the Pompidou Center in Paris, which prominently displayed the building's functional elements on the exterior, and the East Wing of the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., which featured an atrium space lit by a triangular skylight and balconies overlooking the main area. Postmodern architecture emerged in the 1950s as a response to the formalism of Modernism, reintroducing ornamentation, references to historical styles, and wit.
Frank Lloyd Wright was an influential American architect known for pioneering the Prairie School style. Some key principles in his work included simplicity, harmony with the environment, and bringing people joy. He is renowned for buildings like Fallingwater, the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo, and the Guggenheim Museum in New York. The document provides case studies on the Imperial Hotel and Guggenheim, highlighting their innovative designs that integrated with their sites and used new materials like concrete. It also summarizes Wright's Unity Temple, known for its modern geometric forms that broke from church architectural conventions of the time.
Modernist architecture emerged in the late 19th to early 20th century as a philosophical movement to reconcile architectural design with technological advancement. It emphasized form following function through simplicity and clarity. Postmodernist architecture arose in the late 20th century as a reaction against modernism, replacing its functional forms with diverse aesthetics through pluralism, irony, and contextual references. Notable modernist architects included Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier, while postmodernists included Michael Graves and Philip Johnson.
Louis Henry Sullivan was an influential American architect born in 1856. He is considered the "Father of Skyscrapers" and helped pioneer steel-frame construction, allowing for taller buildings. Some of Sullivan's most notable designs include the Auditorium Building in Chicago, the Wainwright Building in St. Louis, and the Guaranty Building in Buffalo. Sullivan coined the phrase "form follows function" and emphasized simple, clean designs that highlighted the steel frame. His buildings often featured ornate terra cotta details and nature-inspired ornamentation. Sullivan had a significant influence on the Chicago School of Architecture and mentored Frank Lloyd Wright.
When you think of art, some of the most recognizable and breathtaking works take a less traditional form. The most elaborate designs in architecture are steeped in history and innovation. Many of today's most stunning structures are influenced by ARTchitecture from Roman, Greek and French culture.
Although there are hundreds of buildings that stand out as architectural creations, not all of them are considered ARTchitecture. Our list of highlights contains only a sliver of the most amazing artistic structures in the world. The next time you travel, take note of the elaborate designs of the buildings around you and consider their historic influences. To see modern works of art in a virtual gallery, visit Gallery24Seven.com.
The document discusses the history and evolution of architectural styles from ancient times to modern eras. It covers classical styles like post-and-lintel, arch, vaults and domes used by early civilizations. Gothic architecture introduced pointed arches allowing taller buildings. Steel structures and reinforced concrete enabled skyscrapers in the late 19th/early 20th century. Modernist styles emerged in the 20th century pioneered by figures like Mies van der Rohe, Gropius and Gehry emphasizing simplicity and new materials.
Architecture After the Industrial Revolutionnichols4
From the Chrystal Palace in London and the Eiffel Tower in Paris to the sky scrapers of New York and Frank Lloyd Wright's Falling Water, we'll explore some foundational movements in architecture in the last 150 years.
Modern architecture emerged in the early 20th century as architects experimented with new materials and techniques. Key figures included Le Corbusier who developed principles like pilotis and long ribbons of windows. Frank Lloyd Wright developed the Prairie Style seen in buildings like Fallingwater. Louis Sullivan pioneered skyscrapers like the Wainwright Building, expressing the steel structure on the exterior. The Bauhaus school and figures like Mies van der Rohe promoted functionalism using steel and glass. By mid-century, Modernism was criticized for sterility and new movements like Brutalism emerged.
Deconstructivism is a postmodern architectural style that emerged in the 1980s characterized by fragmentation and an absence of symmetry. It rejects strict modernism in favor of distorted and non-rectilinear shapes. Prominent deconstructivist architects include Frank Gehry, Zaha Hadid, Rem Koolhaas, Daniel Libeskind, and Bernard Tschumi. They are known for works like Gehry's Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao and Hadid's Guangzhou Opera House that feature experimental, curving forms. Deconstructivism uses new software to design complex, non-orthogonal structures that appear unstable yet are carefully engineered.
The Guggenheim Museum in New York City was designed by famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright. It is a iconic spiral structure built between 1956-1959 featuring a continuous ramp that winds around a large open space lit by a glass dome. Wright designed the building to house the Solomon R. Guggenheim's collection of non-objective abstract art, with the sloping walls meant to replicate the experience of moving through an art exhibit. Though pioneering in its design, the unusual structure presented some challenges for displaying art and was criticized by some artists.
This document summarizes several mid-century urban development projects in downtown San Francisco, including the Golden Gateway Redevelopment Project (1961-1968), Sidney Walton Park (1968), the Market Street Beautification Project (1971), Crown Zellerbach Plaza (1959), Embarcadero Center (1971-1981), and several other notable buildings from that era. It describes the goals and key design features of these projects, which aimed to bring more residential and open space to the financial district through high-rise development and pedestrian networks elevated above street level.
hello! find the details about composite climate and aurabindo ashramam here. If u want best architecture and interior services, click on https://jakkan.com/ and contact them. They give best services.
hi guys !! check the features and factors behind the development of noida. If u want best architecture and interior services, click on https://jakkan.com/ and contact them. They give best services.
hi guys!! check out the details about the tele communication and community services in urban infrastructure. If u want best architecture and interior services, click on https://jakkan.com/ and contact them. They give best services.
Fiberglass is a strong yet lightweight material made of glass fibers bound together with a plastic resin. It can be used to make various building products like roofing, doors, windows, insulation, and panels. Fiberglass products provide benefits like strength, corrosion resistance, insulation, and design flexibility at a lower cost than some other materials. They require relatively little maintenance over their long lifespan.
The document provides a history of Washington D.C. from its founding in 1791 to the present. It discusses how the city was established as the capital based on plans by Pierre L'Enfant and Andrew Ellicott after the Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783 emphasized the need for an independent capital. The early history from 1791-1800 saw the initial construction of the White House and Capitol Building. From 1800-1860 the city grew gradually with more governmental buildings as well as the emergence of the Mall as a civic space. The period from 1860-1900 was a time of massive infrastructure investment and population growth, turning Washington into an urban center.
hi guys!! here you can check out importance and history of water conservation in india in this ppt . you can also check traditional water conservation methods which were practised in different parts of india . this ppt also presenting famous water conservationists and their works along with guidelines.
Urbanization in India is increasing rapidly and is expected to house 600 million people by 2031, a 59% increase from 2011. However, India currently faces a housing shortage crisis estimated at around 19 million units. Rapid urbanization has overwhelmed infrastructure and basic amenities in Indian cities, and 66 million people lived in slums in 2011. Addressing the massive urban housing shortage requires concerted policy efforts like affordable housing schemes, land reforms, and investments in urban infrastructure to support continued urbanization and economic growth.
This document discusses vertical evacuation structures for tsunamis. It provides examples of life-saving towers and tsunami refuges built in Japan, which are reinforced concrete structures designed to accommodate hundreds of refugees on upper floors. Guidelines are presented for the design of vertical evacuation structures from tsunamis published by FEMA, including the construction and reconstruction of traditional coastal dwellings within 100-200 meters of the coast in consultation with local communities. References are listed for further information on tsunami-resistant buildings and vertical evacuation.
The document discusses the importance of stakeholder involvement in water conservation and management policies in India. It identifies the main stakeholders as government administration, executing agencies, government ministries, and water users such as households and businesses. These stakeholders have varying levels of interest and power related to water supply systems. Involving stakeholders appropriately and understanding their roles is crucial for developing effective policies around water resource management and supply.
The document discusses the concept of peri-urbanization, which refers to the dispersive urban growth that creates hybrid rural-urban landscapes in the areas surrounding cities. Some key points about peri-urbanization include:
- Peri-urban areas are growing rapidly worldwide and account for almost as much built development as urban areas.
- This rapid growth risks increased urban sprawl, but also presents opportunities to improve quality of life and link cities to surrounding rural areas more sustainably.
- Peri-urbanization is driven by population growth, shifting employment from agriculture to other sectors, and rising land costs.
- Most future rural-urban land conversion will occur in peri-urban areas, presenting environmental and service delivery challenges
The document discusses the Basic Services for Urban Poor (BSUP) scheme under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM). It provides details about the objectives, components and funding of BSUP. It also includes two case studies about BSUP projects in Bangalore, Mysore and Bhubaneswar in India.
hello guys!! here i am presenting my review on piper gaubatz's paper "china urban transformation : patterns and processes of morphological change in beijing, shanghai and guangzhou "
The urban fringe is the transitional zone between urban and rural areas. It is becoming increasingly important as cities expand outwards. The urban fringe goes through several stages of transformation, starting as purely rural land and eventually becoming urbanized as the city grows. This process impacts land use, occupations, and development patterns in the fringe. Effective planning and management are needed to balance development with preservation of natural and cultural assets in the sensitive urban fringe environment.
Food street is located in VV Puram, one of the oldest localities in Bangalore. It stretches 200 meters from VB Bakery to Arya Samaaj temple and is surrounded by residential areas. It started in 1962 as a small market and grew due to the population. Currently it provides space for hand washing, drinking water, and dustbins. The street's culture and growth have been influenced by the dominant Vaishya community in the area and their interest in community. It has created a unique identity in the neighborhood through the traditional street culture.
The document summarizes the Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) implemented in Ahmedabad, India called Janmarg. Some key points:
- Janmarg was officially launched in 2009 by Narendra Modi as a state-of-the-art BRT system to provide efficient public transportation for Ahmedabad residents.
- It is operated by Ahmedabad Janmarg Limited and designed by CEPT University. The BRTS includes dedicated bus lanes, elevated stations, and intelligent transportation systems.
- The BRTS aims to reduce travel times and reliance on private vehicles by making public transit more accessible and environmentally friendly. Over 50 km of corridors were developed in the initial phase.
Aim, objective and methodology of transit oriented development (TOD)padamatikona swapnika
The document outlines the need, aim, objectives and methodology for a transit oriented development (TOD) project in an unnamed city. It identifies four main issues with the current transportation system: a lack of walkability to metro stations, safety concerns for women, overdependence on private vehicles, and environmental degradation. The aim is to encourage healthier living and better quality of life through high-density, mixed-use development near transit stations. The objectives section lists 15 goals for the TOD planning process including promoting multi-modal access, affordable housing, and environmental mitigation. The methodology has not been described.
The document summarizes the state of urban service delivery in India. It finds that water supply, sewerage and sanitation, solid waste management, and urban transport are in poor condition. Intermittent water supply, lack of sewerage networks, open defecation, and unscientific waste disposal were some of the key issues highlighted. The document also provides examples of better-performing cities and successful projects for water supply, sewerage, and solid waste management. Overall, the state of basic urban services in India is described as unacceptable given the country's economic growth, with inadequate investment, poor maintenance, and fragmented institutions contributing to poor service delivery.
The 74th amendment to the Indian constitution aimed to strengthen urban local bodies through decentralization. It outlined institutions to facilitate decentralization, demarcated roles for urban local bodies and specified their functions. It also ensured representation for deprived groups and women. The amendment specified areas as urban, ensured regular elections for urban bodies, and protected them from being superseded.
This document provides information on different types of mapping, including cognitive mapping, behavioural mapping, and activity mapping. It discusses cognitive mapping as the process of encoding, storing, and manipulating experienced spatial information. Behavioural mapping is described as an objective method to observe and link human behavior to built environment attributes. Activity mapping involves recording the patterns and types of activities that people engage in within a space on a map. The document provides details on how to approach and represent each type of mapping to understand human spatial behavior and perceptions.
Rethinking Kållered │ From Big Box to a Reuse Hub: A Transformation Journey ...SirmaDuztepeliler
"Rethinking Kållered │ From Big Box to a Reuse Hub: A Transformation Journey Toward Sustainability"
The booklet of my master’s thesis at the Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering at Chalmers University of Technology. (Gothenburg, Sweden)
This thesis explores the transformation of the vacated (2023) IKEA store in Kållered, Sweden, into a "Reuse Hub" addressing various user types. The project aims to create a model for circular and sustainable economic practices that promote resource efficiency, waste reduction, and a shift in societal overconsumption patterns.
Reuse, though crucial in the circular economy, is one of the least studied areas. Most materials with reuse potential, especially in the construction sector, are recycled (downcycled), causing a greater loss of resources and energy. My project addresses barriers to reuse, such as difficult access to materials, storage, and logistics issues.
Aims:
• Enhancing Access to Reclaimed Materials: Creating a hub for reclaimed construction materials for both institutional and individual needs.
• Promoting Circular Economy: Showcasing the potential and variety of reusable materials and how they can drive a circular economy.
• Fostering Community Engagement: Developing spaces for social interaction around reuse-focused stores and workshops.
• Raising Awareness: Transforming a former consumerist symbol into a center for circular practices.
Highlights:
• The project emphasizes cross-sector collaboration with producers and wholesalers to repurpose surplus materials before they enter the recycling phase.
• This project can serve as a prototype for reusing many idle commercial buildings in different scales and sizes.
• The findings indicate that transforming large vacant properties can support sustainable practices and present an economically attractive business model with high social returns at the same time.
• It highlights the potential of how sustainable practices in the construction sector can drive societal change.
RPWORLD offers custom injection molding service to help customers develop products ramping up from prototypeing to end-use production. We can deliver your on-demand parts in as fast as 7 days.
2. Solomen R.Guggenhiem museum is the first
permanent museum (rather than converted from
a private house) built in USA
frank was commissioned to design a building to
house the Museum of Non-Objective Painting
This building was immediately recognized as an
architectural landmark and the most important
building ofWright's late career.
This design got inspired
from inverted ziggurat
architect FRANK LIOYD WRIGHT
LOCATION 1071 FIFTH AVENUE , NEWYORK
DATE 1956-1959
BUILDINGTYPE ART MUSEUM
CONSTUCTION SYSTEM REINFORCED CONCRETE
STYLE CONTEMPORARY STYLE
ANNUAL VISITORS 3 MILLIONS
3. architect Frank LloydWright worked for
Louis Sullivan (1856–1924) in his
Chicago-based architecture firm.
Sullivan is known for steel-frame
constructions, considered some of the
earliest skyscrapers. Sullivan’s famous
axiom, “form follows function,” became
the touchstone for many architects.
This means that the purpose of a
building should be the starting point for
its design.Wright extended the
teachings of his mentor by changing the
phrase to “form and function are one.”
“FORM AND FUNCTION SHOULD BE ONE,
JOINED IN A SPIRITUAL UNION” - FRANK LLOYD
ARCHITECT DESIGNEDTHIS BUILDING
WHERE FORMAND FUNCTION ARE
FOLLOWINGTOGETHER
4. (Look down and you find circles in the terrazzo floor beneath your feet. Look up at the
underside of the ramp and you see it punctuated by triangular lighting panels.
Wright believed that structure created beauty and geometric forms gave his work a
consistent and systematic quality.
GEOMETRIC FORMS
most buildings contain interior
spaces that are rectilinear and for
wright, geomentry is the basic
building of nature
Frank LloydWright thought in
curves and straight lines which is
helding symbolic significance
i.e.,triangles—for structural unity
circles __suggested infinity
spire __aspiration
spiral __organic process
square __integrity
Nearly all of these forms can be found in the
architecture of the Guggenheim Museum
rectangular
form
Triangular
form
Oval formsquare form
5. PLAN OF MUSEUM:
The principle “form and function are one” is thoroughly visible in the plan for the
Guggenheim Museum. According toWright’s design, visitors would enter the
building, take an elevator to the top and enjoy a continuous art-viewing
experience while descending along the spiral ramp.
RESTORATION IN BUILDING:
In 1990, theWright building was closed to the
public to enable the expansion and a major
interior restoration, which was overseen by the
firm.
The restoration opened the entireWright
building to the public for the first time,
converting spaces that had been used for
storage and offices into galleries.
This museum was restored and expanded and It
contains 4,750 square meters of new and
renovated gallery space, 130 square meters of
new office space, a restored restaurant, and
retrofitted support and storage spaces.
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
6. The tower's simple facade and grid pattern highlight
Wright's unique spiral design and serves as a
backdrop to the rising urban landscape behind the
museum.
Frank LloydWright's original
plans this Museum called for a
ten-story tower behind the
smaller rotunda, to house
galleries, offices, workrooms,
storage, and private studio
apartments.
Largely for financial reasons,
Wright's proposed tower went
unrealized.AssociatesArchitects
revived the tower plan with its
eight-story annex, which
incorporates the foundation and
framing of a smaller annex
SECTION OF MUSEUM:
7. IMPORTANT FEATURES:
impact-echo technology, in which sound waves are sent
into the concrete and the rebound is measured in order to
locate voids within the walls
. Colour of interior walls is not stark white, whichWright
hated, but a kind of soft ivory and having a spiral ramp
which is wider in top than bottom
. the ramp is a helix, complicated helix, being interrupted
by a bulging balcony at each revolution.
The ramp leans outward, but other elements, such as the
structural fins that transfer the weight of the ramp to the
outside walls, and rise to support the central skylight, lean
in.
The cork-screwing balustrade which is slightly tilted is a
simple concrete wall with a pleasantly rounded top
Ramp described as a simple spiral
whose diameter increases as it rises
Overlapping curves, complex intersections, a long interval
of smooth planes interrupted by the double beat of the
vertical cylinders that contain the men's and women's
washrooms
From street, looks like a white ribbon ribbon,curled into a
cylindrical stack which is made up of reinforced concrete
8. IMPORTANT FEATURES:
Internally, the viewing gallery forms a helical spiral
from the main level up to the top of the building.
A monument to
modernism, the
unique architecture
of the space, with its
spiral ramp riding to
a domed
skylight,continues to
thrill visitors and
provide a unique
forum for the
presentation of
contemporary art.
10. DISPLAY METHODS IN MUSEUM:
Most of the criticism of the building
has focused on the idea that it
overshadows the artworks displayed
within, and that it is difficult to
properly hang paintings in the
shallow, windowless exhibition niches
that surround the central spiral.
The walls of the niches are neither
vertical nor flat (most are gently
concave), meaning that canvasses
must be mounted raised from the
wall's surface.
The limited space within the niches
means that sculptures are generally
relegated to plinths amid the main
spiral walkway itself. Paintings are displayed along the walls of the
spiral and also in exhibition space found at
annex levels along the way.